Magnetic ordering and irreversible magnetization between ZFC and FC states in RCo5Ga7 compounds

The magnetic properties of RCo5Ga7 (R = Y, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er) compounds which crystallize in the ScFe6Ga6-type structure have been studied. The compounds with R, Y, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er display behaviour similar to semiconductors. The Co transition metal sublattice is ferrimagnetic with a very low spontaneous magnetization. The ferrimagnetic ordering observed for R = Y, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er is due to the transition metal sublattice with transition temperatures at about 295 K. At low temperatures, the magnetic ordering for R Tb, Dy, Ho and Er is due to the rare-earth sublattice, which is ferromagnetic with a Curie temperature below 5 K. By fitting the linear part of the inverse magnetization, the effective magnetic moment of the R ion is found to be close to its expected theoretical value, with paramagnetic Curie temperatures below 5 K. Due to the paramagnetic nature of the R sublattice above 60 K, the ferrimagnetic ordering temperature of the Co sublattice does not vary with the type of rare-earth ion. The irreversibility of the magnetization of YCo5Ga7, as measured in zero-field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) states, is attributed to movement of domain walls. Application of a large enough applied field completes the movement of the domain wall from the low-temperature to the high-temperature one at 5 K. With a very low magnetic field 100 Oe, the difference between the ZFC and the FC shrinks. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

运算构造和检验系统FC的设计和实现

运算构造和检验系统ＦＣ（ｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｏｒ）是形式规约获取系统ＳＡＱ（ｓｐｅｃｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎａｃｑｕｉｓｉｔｉｏｎ）的一个子系统．在ＳＡＱ系统中，运算用于表示规约的语义．ＦＣ提供了对运算的交互式归纳定义方式和运算的施用，支持运算的联立递归定义．详细介绍ＦＣ的功能、结构和实现技术，并讨论了下一步的改进方向．