港西油田现代油藏管理研究与实践

Through years of practice, reservoir management has already become the basic mode of foreign oil companies to realize the high-efficient development of the oil field. From the view of reservoir development and technological economy, reservoir management regards the study of the reservoir engineering, designs of reservoir projects and the dynamic analysis of the reservoir's performance as a system. In the fields of reservoir description, the establishment of the geological models and development models, the dynamic simulations of reservoir exploitation and the design of the oil engineering, reservoir management emphasizes the cooperation of the geology and the engineering, the combination of the engineering technology and the economic evaluation. In order to provide the means and basis for the reservoir geology study, reservoir evaluation, reserves calculation, numerical simulation, development plan and risk analysis, it adopts the reservoir management activities(team work) to make and implement the optimized oil field development management strategies so that secientific and democratic decision making can be achieved. Under the planned economic system for a long time, the purpose of Chinese reservoir development has been to fulfill the" mandatory" production task. With the deepening of the reform, the management organization of Chinese petroleum enterprises has been gradually going through the transition and reforms to the operational entity and the establishment of the mode of oil companies under the socialist market economy system. This research aims at introducing the advanced reservoir management technique from foreign countries to further improve the reservoir development results and wholly raise the economic benefits of Chinese mature land facieses sandstone reservoirs in the later stage of the water flooding. We are going to set up a set of modern reservoir management modes according to the reservoir features, current situation and existing problems of GangXi oil field of DaGang oil company. Through the study and implementation of the reservoir description and numerical simulation technology effectively, we plan to work out integrated adjustment projects, to study the related technology of oil recovery; to set up the effective confirmable data procedure and data management system of the reservoir management, to establish the coordinated model and workbench related to geology, engineering and economy in order to realize the real time supervision and evaluation on the process of reservoir development. We hope to stipulate modernization management tools for GangXi oil fields to rationally utilize various kinds of existing technological methods and to realize the economic exploitation and achieve the maximum benefits from the reservoir. The project of the modem reservoir management will be carried out on the GangXi oil field of DaGang oil company for this oil field is typical and has integrated foundamental materials and perfect networks. Besides, it is located in the good geographical position enjoying very convenient traffic. Implementing modern reservoir management will raise the recovery ratio, reduce the production cost and improve the working efficiency. Moreover, the popularization of modern reservoir management will improve the comprehensive benefits of DaGang oil company and even the whole Petro China. Through the reserch of this project, the following technical indicators can be reached: Establishing the concept of modern reservoir management. Establishing a set of integrated data information management system adapt to the features of GangXi reservoir. 3. Forming technical research modes of modern reservoir management suitable for mature reservoirs in the later developing stage. 4. Advancing projects of GangXi reservoir which are maxium optimized in engineering technique and economic benefits of oil exploitation. Besides, this set of technology, research principle and method can guide the mature reservoir of DaGang oil field and even the whole PetroChina to develop the further research of reservoir adjustment and improve the reservoir recovery factor and developing level constantly.

黄土丘陵区县南沟流域生态恢复的生态经济耦合评价

探索一套简单、易于操作的小尺度生态经济耦合效应指标体系及其评价方法模型。【方法】基于生态经济协调理论,在继承传统指标的基础上,引用了2个创新性指标——能值可持续性指数(ESI)和生态压力指数(EFPI),应用模糊综合评价方法对县南沟流域生态恢复的生态经济耦合进行评价。【结果】县南沟"农-经济林果型"生态恢复模式的生态经济处于基本协调状态。【结论】"农-经济林果型"模式有效地改善了流域生态条件,促进了经济发展,产生了生态经济耦合效应。

油气勘探风险评价与决策技术研究

PetroChina and other national petroleum incorporations need rigorous procedures and practical methods in risk evaluation and exploration decision at home and abroad to safeguard their international exploration practice in exploration licence bidding, finding appropriate ratio of risk sharing with partners, as well as avoiding high risk projects and other key exploration activities. However, due to historical reasons, we are only at the beginning of a full study and methodology development in exploration risk evaluation and decision. No rigorous procedure and practical methods are available in our exercises of international exploration. Completely adopting foreign procedure, methods and tools by our national incorporations are not practical because of the differences of the current economic and management systems in China. The objective of this study is to establish a risk evaluation and decision system with independent intellectual property right in oil and gas exploration so that a smooth transition from our current practice into international norm can take place. The system developed in this dissertation includes the following four components: 1. A set of quantitative criteria for risk evaluation is derived on the basis of an anatomy of the parameters from thirty calibration regions national wide as well as the characteristics and the geological factors controlling oil and gas occurrence in the major petroleum-bearing basins in China, which provides the technical support for the risk quantification in oil and gas exploration. 2. Through analysis of existing methodology, procedure and methods of exploration risk evaluation considering spatial information are proposed. The method, utilizing Mahalanobis Distance (MD) and fuzzy logic for data and information integration, provides probabilistic models on the basis of MD and fuzzy logic classification criteria, thus quantifying the exploration risk using Bayesian theory. A projection of the geological risk into spatial domain provides a probability map of oil and gas occurrence in the area under study. The application of this method to the Nanpu Sag shows that this method not only correctly predicted the oil and gas occurrence in the areas where Beibu and Laoyemiao oil fields are found in the northwest of the onshore area, but also predicted Laopu south, Nanpu south and Hatuo potential areas in the offshore part where exploration maturity was very low. The prediction of the potential areas are subsequently confirmed by 17 exploration wells in the offshore area with 81% success, indicating this method is very effective for exploration risk visualization and reduction. 3. On the basis of “Methods and parameters of economic evaluation for petroleum exploration and development projects in China”, a ”pyramid” method for sensitivity analysis was developed, which meets not only the need for exploration target evaluation and exploration decision at home, but also allows a transition from our current practice to international norm in exploration decision. This provides the foundation for the development of a software product “Exploration economic evaluation and decision system of PetroChina” (EDSys). 4. To solve problem in methodology of exploration decision, effort was made on the method of project portfolio management. A drilling decision method was developed employing the concept of geologically risked net present value. This method overcame the dilemma of handling simultaneously both geological risk and portfolio uncertainty, thus casting light into the application of modern portfolio theory to the evaluation of high risk petroleum exploration projects.

毕节地区矿产资源经济评价及其相关产业规划研究

矿产资源开发利用在毕节地区区域经济发展中具有十分重要的作用和地位。近年来随着经济的快速发展，矿产资源对区域经济发展的重要作用越来越明显。但矿产资源在目前毕节地区经济发展中地位到底如何，它的潜在经济价值及各种矿产资源的优势怎样，如何对其进行规划和利用？带着这些问题本文在详细分析了毕节地区矿产资源矿床特点、开发利用现状、分布特点、社会经济发展现状及对矿产资源潜在总值测算基础上，选择了10种潜在价值在一亿元以上的矿产进行资源优势评价，通过建立数学模型分析发现这10种矿产资源优势排序为：煤炭、磷矿、硫铁矿、铁矿、铅锌矿、水泥用石灰岩、镁矿、硅石、铝土矿、泥炭。矿产资源的开发利用与区域经济发展有着密切的联系，文中通过矿产资源使用系数和资源弹性系数分析，发现目前毕节地区正处于工业化前期的后期阶段，需要大量的消耗资源来维持经济的快速发展，在这个时期矿产资源开发利用对区域经济的增长起着非常大的作用。通过以上几个方面的具体分析，基于循环经济理论和可持续发展理论，从区域经济发展理论角度，提出了3种区域经济发展模式：内涵式发展模式、资源加工业主导型产业发展模式及产业集群发展模式，运用这3种模式对毕节地区资源产业发展规划提出了一些建议。在规划和建议中提出了毕节地区煤炭资源应加强资源的勘探和规划，整合煤炭资源，建设大型矿井，以有利用引进先进技术进行大规模开采；应充分利用好煤炭资源的比较优势，进行资源的深加工，大力发展煤化工及高载能产业；电力行业应走以火电为主，水火并举的发展之路，加快区域内“西电东送”工程的进度，建设大型能源基地。基于目前矿产资源开发利用已对毕节地区生态环境造成破坏及循环经济和可持续发展理论，应把生态环境保护规划纳入资源产业发展规划之中，同时应对矿产开发和利用的排弃物，如煤矸石、粉煤灰及尾矿等进行综合利用，变废为宝，减少对环境的污染。