6 resultados para EAC

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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目的: 探讨金环蛇毒心脏毒对S180, EAC 腹水癌细胞的细胞毒作用。方法: 采用小白鼠腹腔和皮下接种S180, EAC 腹 水癌细胞造成小白鼠腹水模型后腹腔注射金环蛇毒心脏毒。结果: 腹腔注射金环蛇毒心脏毒, 能抑制肿瘤细胞的生长, 降低接 种率。但不能完全控制腹水和癌细胞的生长。体外试验表明有明显的细胞毒作用。台酚蓝染色镜检可见死细胞显著增加, 腹 水图片检查, 给药后细胞膜破裂, 纤维化坏死明显。结论: 能延长小白鼠存活时间。

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 目的 探讨金环蛇毒对S180, EAC 腹水癌细胞的细胞毒性作用。 方法 采用小白鼠腹腔和皮下 接种S180, EAC 腹水癌细胞造成小白鼠腹水模型后腹腔注射金环蛇毒。 结果 腹腔注射金环蛇毒, 能 抑制肿瘤细胞的生长, 降低接种率。但不能完全控制腹水和癌细胞的生长。体外试验表明有明显的细胞毒 作用。台酚蓝染色镜检可见死细胞显著增加, 腹水图片检查给药后细胞膜破裂, 纤维化坏死明显。 结论  能延长小白鼠存活时间。

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蛇毒及其细胞毒在体外有明显杀灭癌细胞作用, 体内有明显的治疗作用, 动 物存活时间延长, 腹水接种率降低。肿瘤细胞膜破裂, 坏死。治疗效果由强到 弱为金环蛇毒, 扁颈蛇毒, 金环蛇细胞毒, 眼睛蛇毒, 眼睛蛇细胞毒。银环蛇毒 无作用。图8表2参10

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尖吻蝮蛇毒、蝮蛇毒及抗蛇毒血清能使接种S_(180)、EAC腹水癌的小鼠 明显延长存活时 间、降低接种率, 但不能完全阻止癌细胞生长。体外具有较明 显的导致癌细胞肿胀、膜破裂、核纤维化、坏死等作用。腹水酶活力测定及抗血 清初步研究结果表明, 癌细胞病变中产生的某些抗原物质可能与蛇毒中的酶和 毒蛋白相近。因此注射蛇毒后可在体内产生相关抗体, 中和癌细胞产生的毒素以 达到治疗目的。图1表6参10

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大洋环流是海盆尺度上海水的持久流动,是海洋中质量、热量输运的主要通道,对全球气候变化有重要影响。经过二十年来的大量调查研究,对海洋上层的风生大洋环流有了比较充分的认识。然而,近几十年来的大量观测显示,大洋环流的垂直结构并非像传统认识的那样单一,在很多区域存在与之反向的次表层潜流,如北赤道流(NEC)下方的北赤道逆流(NEUC)、棉兰老海流(MC)下方的棉兰老潜流(MUC),吕宋岛附近黑潮(KC)下方的吕宋潜流(LUC),东澳大利亚海流(EAC)下方的大堡礁潜流(GBRUC)和东澳大利亚潜流(EAUC),阿加勒斯海流(AC)下方的阿加勒斯潜流(AUC)等。这些潜流一般分布在西边界,或者在西边界处增强,称为“西边界潜流(WBUC)”。与表层环流相比,对次表层潜流的结构和形成机制认识不足,因此利用不断更新的各种实测数据和高分辨率同化数据,通过理论分析和数值试验,探讨研究次表层潜流的分布特征和形成机制,对于大洋环流动力学理论的进一步发展具有重要的科学意义。 本文利用中国ARGO资料中心提供的ARGO资料、全球简单海洋资料同化分析系统产生的SODA同化资料和日本地球模拟器模拟出来的OFES资料,分析了北太平洋潜流(NEUC、MUC和LUC)、南太平洋潜流(GBRUC和EAUC)和南印度洋潜流(AUC)的时间和空间分布特征,并基于温跃层以下转向的地转判据分析了其形成机制。主要结果如下: (1)在菲律宾以东海域,表层的NEC在12N附近的西边界分叉,形成向北的KC和向南的MC。在400-800米左右棉兰老岛东侧128E-130E处出现与上层海流方向相反的潜流MUC,MUC在9N和12N附近转向东并分成2支,汇入NEC下方的2支并行向东流的NEUC。到了1000米左右,吕宋岛东侧122E-124E处出现LUC,而MUC也有向岸的趋势,限制在127E以西的范围,两者在12N附近相遇,然后转向东汇入NEUC。随着深度的加深,NEUC的北侧分支流轴向北偏移。从SODA资料和OFES资料在8N、18N和138E断面的气候态年平均和月平均温度剖面可以很清晰的看出,温跃层分别呈现东高西低、西高东低和南高北低的趋势,这与各个断面上表层流和次表层逆流之间等值线倾斜方向一致。从月平均的速度剖面可以看出,MC一般位于600db以上,600db以下出现北向次表层潜流MUC,MUC春夏较强,秋冬较弱;KC一般位于500db以上,个别月份深入到2000db,其下方均有南向的LUC出现,LUC春夏较弱,秋冬较强;上层西向NEC的主体一般位于400db以上,其下方均有东向的NEUC出现,NEUC春夏较强,秋冬较弱。 在北太平洋菲律宾以东海域,同时满足两个判据的区域与潜流的发生区域符合情况较好,唯一的不同在于LUC汇入NEUC的区域没有同时满足两个判据。这是由于在吕宋岛和棉兰老岛东侧,海底地形较为陡峭,海流情况较为清晰,沿岸涡较少,而且在此区域内温跃层较浅,这些都为形成温跃层以下的地转流反向提供了充分的条件。 (2)在澳大利亚以东海域,表层的南赤道流(SEC)在澳大利亚东岸15S附近分叉,分为向北的北昆士兰海流(NQC)和向南的东澳大利亚海流(EAC)。500m-1000m,23S附近出现一支北向的次表层海流,沿着澳大利亚陆坡经过大堡礁抵达巴布亚新几内亚沿岸转向东,汇入新几内亚沿岸潜流(NGCUC),这支海流就是大堡礁潜流(GBRUC)。1000m-2000m,SEC下方15S附近出现东向的逆流。在2000m以下,由于地形的影响,海流局限在几个不连续的部分,而且流型较乱。从SODA资料和OFES资料在18S和30S断面的气候态年平均和月平均温度剖面可以很清晰的看出,温跃层均呈现西高东低的趋势。在18S,南向的EAC一般位于400db以上,其下方均有持续的GBRUC出现,一般有两个中心,春夏季较强,秋冬季较弱。在30S断面,EAC一般存在于2000db以上,其下方的次表层流并不规则。从此海域的气候态月平均分布来看,在大多月份没有北向的逆流存在,这说明其下方的次表层逆流并不是一个常年存在的现象。 在南太平洋,同时满足两个判据的区域包括SEC下方逆流的发生区域和澳大利亚东岸的沿岸区域,这些区域部分与潜流的发生区域符合较好,只是在30S左右并没有发生潜流的区域也同时满足判据。这是由于在30S附近,温跃层较深,导致了地转流较深,同时此区域内海底地形变化比较大,虽然在此位置形成了逆向的地转流,但是因为地形的限制,在此区域内不能形成有体系的逆流。 (3)在西南印度洋,SEC在非洲东岸分叉,形成一支源于25S的西南向海流——AC,这支海流平均流速达90cm/s左右,最大速度超过140cm/s。在其下方2000m左右,从35S开始在岸边出现东北向逆流——AUC,速度较小,仅为2cm/s左右。从31S、33S和35S断面的气候态年平均温度断面可以很清晰的看出,温跃层明显呈现西高东低的趋势。从月平均经向流速断面可以看出,在各个月份AC下方均出现不同强度的AUC,AC和AUC之间的等值线倾斜方向与温跃层的倾斜方向一致。 在南印度洋,满足判据的区域包括南非沿岸AUC的发生区域和南非东南的部分海域,南非沿岸的AUC紧靠岸边且深度较深,这是因为此区域内温跃层较深,导致形成的地转流位置较深,而形成的逆流由于与海底的摩擦而大大削弱。南非东南部分海域满足判据,大概是由于此区域海流比较复杂,而且此海域多涡。 表面风应力的强迫以及风生环流的斜压调整,使得潜流所在海域的海平面高度和温跃层倾斜方向相反,热带流涡和副热带流涡西向强化加强了该海域温跃层的倾斜程度,从而导致了次表层地转流反向。因此,大洋中次表层潜流是大洋斜压风生环流不可缺少的重要部分。但是在不同的海域存在不同的地形分布和海流分布,所以此理论只在某些合适的区域得到很好的体现。

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Social psychologists have long been interested in understanding the conditions under which attitudes influence behaviors, and they have formed two relatively independent theoretical perspectives in the attitude-behavior domain. One perspective, which we adopt in the present paper, focuses on investigating the effect of attitude strength on the attitude-behavior relationship. Specifically, the present research investigates the role of structural consistency, a dimension of attitude strength, on the attitude-behavior relationship. Structural consistency has typically been defined as the extent to which one aspect of individual’s attitude is consistent with either his or her overall attitude toward the object or the other aspect of the attitude, including affective-cognitive consistency (ACC), evaluative-cognitive consistency (ECC) and evaluative-affective consistency (EAC). The ECC and EAC can be integrated into the attitude base. Despite the evidence that structural consistency is associated with attitude-behavior relationship, there are some limitations in previous studies: (1) attitude base and ACC have been rarely studied together ;( 2) researchers often used the term behavior in a broad sense to encompass behavioral intentions as well as actual behaviors ;( 3) the effects were all investigated at individual level. The present research tried to explore the effects of ACC and attitude base on attitude-behavioral intention-actual behavior relationships at individual and group levels in different behavior areas including shopping, supportive behavior towards officials, and offensive behavior towards governors and central and local governments. The roles of affective and cognitive components of attitudes on general attitudes and following behaviors were also examined in this research. The results indicated that: A. At individual and group levels, the effect of structural consistency on attitude –intention relation is as the same as its effect on attitude-behavior relation, but it varies in different areas. On the other hand, the effect of structural consistency on explicit attitude-behavior relation is different from its effect on implicit attitude-behavior relation. B. The cognitive components of the individuals and groups’ implicit attitudes towards officials, the implicit and explicit attitudes towards governors, and the public’s attitudes towards central and local governments exert the stronger influence on general attitudes. Similarly, the cognitive components also exert the stronger influence on groups’ supportive behaviors towards officials and offensive behaviors towards governors and governments. C. Both group attitude and emotion can influence the group offensive behavior towards governors. The group attitude exerts its influence through the mediating effects of behavior intention and group emotion. The group emotion which is the core factor can exert the direct influence on group offensive behavior towards governors. D. At individual and group levels, the implicit and explicit measures should be used together to collect the attitude data, because the implicit and explicit attitudes can both predict behaviors under most conditions. It is the best implicit attitude measure to use the experts’ evaluations of listed words. And the emotion should be measured by the experts’ evaluations of listed words if the emotion data is used to predict the following behavior.