Mitochondrial variation of the "eyed" turtles (Sacalia) based on known-locality and trade specimens

Bryan L. Stuart is thanked for his hard work to collect wild specimens, as well as providing insightful and useful comments on the data. We thank Abigail Wolf of the Field Museum for providing photographs of specimens. Robert Murphy of the Royal Ontario M

A New Odorrana (Amphibia: Ranidae) from Vietnam and China

Eastern and western populations of the ranid frog Odorrano chapaensis from Vietnam and China are readily differentiated by morphology and mtDNA, and weakly differentiated by morphometrics. The western population contains the type localities of O. chopoens

A colorimetric assay for screening microcystin class compounds in aquatic systems

Secondary metabolites produced by water-blooming cyanobacteria in eutrophic waters include some potent hepatotoxins, These compounds also have tumour-promoting properties, attributable to their inhibition and activation of protein phosphatases and kinases respectively. The inhibitory effect of these toxins on protein phosphatases have been employed in a commonly used radiometric assay, involving the use of a P-32-labeled substrate, for the detection and quantitation of these compounds. This paper investigates and describes a colorimetric method in which the activity of protein phosphatase 2A is determined by measuring the rate of colour production from the release of yellow p-nitrophenol using p-nitrophenyl phosphate as the substrate. Results of this study suggest that the colorimetric protein phosphatase inhibition assay is a simple, inexpensive tool for screening substances that may have tumour-promoting characteristics in aquatic systems. The detection limit of the colorimetric method is comparable to the radiometric assay. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 May 2009-31 July 2009

This article documents the addition of 512 microsatellite marker loci and nine pairs of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Alcippe morrisonia morrisonia, Bashania fangiana, Bashania fargesii, Chaetodon vagabundus, Colletes floralis, Coluber constrictor flaviventris, Coptotermes gestroi, Crotophaga major, Cyprinella lutrensis, Danaus plexippus, Fagus grandifolia, Falco tinnunculus, Fletcherimyia fletcheri, Hydrilla verticillata, Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus, Leavenworthia alabamica, Marmosops incanus, Miichthys miiuy, Nasua nasua, Noturus exilis, Odontesthes bonariensis, Quadrula fragosa, Pinctada maxima, Pseudaletia separata, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, Podocarpus elatus, Portunus trituberculatus, Rhagoletis cerasi, Rhinella schneideri, Sarracenia alata, Skeletonema marinoi, Sminthurus viridis, Syngnathus abaster, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) chinensis, Verticillium dahliae, Wasmannia auropunctata, and Zygochlamys patagonica. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Chaetodon baronessa, Falco columbarius, Falco eleonorae, Falco naumanni, Falco peregrinus, Falco subbuteo, Didelphis aurita, Gracilinanus microtarsus, Marmosops paulensis, Monodelphis Americana, Odontesthes hatcheri, Podocarpus grayi, Podocarpus lawrencei, Podocarpus smithii, Portunus pelagicus, Syngnathus acus, Syngnathus typhle,Uroteuthis (Photololigo) edulis, Uroteuthis (Photololigo) duvauceli and Verticillium albo-atrum. This article also documents the addition of nine sequencing primer pairs and sixteen allele specific primers or probes for Oncorhynchus mykiss and Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; these primers and assays were cross-tested in both species.

全球及北太平洋环流诊断模式研究

本文在基于GFDL的MOM模式基础上，分别建立了一个全球和一个北太平洋大洋环流的诊断模式（Robust diagnostic model），并分别进行了月平均的（全球模式还进行了年平均）模拟。积分的时间长度全球模式为11年，北太平洋模式为8年。水平空间分辨率，全球模式为1°* 1°，北太平洋模式为1／3°* 1／3°，垂向都分为21层。所用的温度、盐度数据基本是Levitus的资料进行了插值所得，表面风应力为Hellerman and Rosenstein的全球风场数据插值而来。从模拟的结果来看，全球大洋中的主要环流均得到体现，如：湾流，南北赤道流，北赤道逆流，南极绕极流，黑潮等等。与Fujio，Bryan等人的结果相吻合。基于模拟的结果，本文还分析了一些断面上的体积运输和热盐输运以及主要海区的热平衡。结果显示：南极绕极流从西向东，从印度洋南部（SSI）流往太平洋南部（SSP）的流量为170－190 Sv，而从SSP表面上流向大西洋南部（SSA）以及从SSA流向SSI的流量都大约为150－170 Sv。从SSP到南太平洋的流量为17－26 Sv，从太平洋通过印度尼西亚海流向印度洋的流量为15－29 Sv。从南印度洋到SSI的流量为17－26 Sv。各大洋中通过赤道的流量均很小。对于中国近海，由太平洋通过吕宋海峡进入南海的流量为0.6－2.1Sv，台湾海峡中的北向流量和台湾岛东部黑潮入侵东海的流量分别为0.1－1.9Sv和14－23Sv。琉球群岛北部和对马海峡中的流量分别为13－22Sv、1.6－2.1Sv。从日本海通过津轻和宗谷海峡流向太平洋的流量则分别为0.9v以及0.5－1.0Sv。一些断面上的热、盐通量也进行了分析。