Effect of dietary carbohydrate sources on growth performance and utilization for gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) and Chinese longsnout catfish (Leiocassis longirostris Gunther)

The nutritional function of monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides for omnivorous gibel carp and carnivorous Chinese longsnout catfish were investigated and the ability of these two species to utilize carbohydrates was compared. For each species, triplicate groups of fish were assigned to each of five groups of isoenergetic and isonitrogenous experimental diets with different carbohydrate sources: glucose, sucrose, dextrin, soluble starch (acid-modified starch) and alpha-cellulose. The carbohydrates were included at 60 g kg(-1) in Chinese longsnout catfish diets and at 200 g kg(-1) in gibel carp diets. A growth trial was carried out in a recirculation system at 27.8 +/- 1.9 degrees C for 8 weeks. The results showed that fish with different food habits showed difference in the utilization of carbohydrate sources. For gibel carp, better specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE) were observed in fish fed diets containing soluble starch and cellulose, but for Chinese longsnout catfish, better SGR and FE were observed in fish fed diets containing dextrin and sucrose. Apparent digestibility coefficient of dry matter (ADC(d)) and apparent digestibility coefficient of energy (ADC(e)) were significantly affected by dietary carbohydrate sources in gibel carp. ADC(d) and ADC(e) significantly decreased as dietary carbohydrate complexity increased in Chinese longsnout catfish except that glucose diet had medium ADC(d) and ADC(e). In both species, no significant difference of apparent digestibility coefficient of protein was observed between different carbohydrate sources. Dietary carbohydrate sources significantly affected body composition, and liver phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), pyruvate kinase (PK), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and malic enzyme (ME) activities also varied according to dietary carbohydrate complexity. Fish with different food habits showed different abilities to synthesize liver glycogen, and the liver glycogen content in gibel carp was significantly higher than in Chinese longsnout catfish. The influence of carbohydrate source on gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis was also different in the two fish species.

~(12)C~(6+)重离子辐照大葱的细胞学和RAPD分析

用309、0和180Gy12C6+重离子辐照处理大葱干种子,研究其对大葱根尖的细胞学效应,并采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术初步分析了其变异类型。不同剂量12C6+的重离子照射能有效诱导大葱根尖细胞微核和染色体畸变。随着辐照剂量的增加,幼苗根尖细胞微核形成几率明显增大,微核率、多微核率和染色体总畸变率呈线性上升。但除去微核以外的染色体畸变率则呈U型变化。RAPD结果表明,大葱不同处理之间的DNA存在明显差异,所用35种引物中有28种出现了特异性条带,既有新增条带,又有缺失条带,还有迁移率的差异。30、90和180Gy剂量辐照引起的RAPD变异率分别为29.91%、41.05%和22.14%。结果发现高微核率和染色体变异过大会导致高致死效应,使得染色体总畸变率高的处理组在当代生长苗的DNA变异率变小。

TDLAS测量甲烷／空气预混平面火焰温度和H2O浓度

基于可调谐二极管激光器吸收光谱技术(TDLAS)建立了温度和H20浓度测量系统，利用光谱数据库Hi— tran2004在1393nm附近选择了在500～1300K有很高测温灵敏度的两条水吸收线：7168.437 cm- ，7185.597 cm- 。 在1kHz的扫描频率下，利用直接吸收一扫描波长法对甲烷／空气预混平面火焰进行测量，并进行边界层修正，与热电 偶的对比结果显示，在温度区间1100～1350K，两者最大相差80K(6.7％)；水蒸气组分浓度与计算值平均相差小于 O.02(10％)．

高分辨率光纤光栅温度传感器的研究

报道了一种具有高分辨率和高效且价廉的解调系统的光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)温度传感器。提出了光纤光栅的金属槽封装技术，以提高传感光栅的温度灵敏性。研究了金属槽封装光栅的温度灵敏性，理论分析和实验结果表明，封装光栅的温度灵敏系数比普通裸光栅提高了3．6倍。系统利用一长周期光栅(LPG)作为线性滤波器，宽带光源经此长周期光栅调制后入射到传感光栅，可解调布拉格传感光栅的波长位移。理论分析与实验结果一致，系统可达到的温度分辨率为0．02℃。

洪湖网簖数量调查和渔获物分析

利用卫星遥感定点技术，估算洪湖1993年初约有11000部网簖，洪湖网簖可分为“稀阵”、“密阵”两种，1986年稀阵渔获物中．乌鳢、鲤、鲇、草鱼等大中型鱼类的比例达47．6％，1992－1994年这些鱼类的比例不到7％；1986年鲫、黄颡鱼和红鳍原鮊三种小型鱼类的比例为51．0％，1992－1994年达87．6％。九十年代洪湖主要经济鱼类的捕捞规格进一步下降，为此应对网簖渔业实施管理。

一种用于振动检测的调制解调系统及方法

本发明涉及振动检测技术领域，公开了一种用于振动检测的调制解调系统及方法。该系统包括振动测量的光路系统部分和后期振动信号解调部分，利用该振动测量的光路系统部分中的PZT驱动电源对PZT产生的固定角频率ω0振动，从而实现对参考光进行相位调制，调制后的参考光与载有振动信息的信号光发生拍频，通过后期振动信号解调部分对拍频信号的解调来检测物体表面的微小振动。利用本发明提供的这种用于振动检测的调制解调系统及方法，光路结构简单，利用了PZT的振动产生一个固有的相位调制，后期通过相位解调，可以检测出物体表面的微小振动，此方法具有高精度、非接触、频率响应快等显著特点。

Photochromic diarylethene for polarization holographic optical recording

Photochromic diarylethene, 1,2-bis[2-methyl-5-(3-fluorophenyl)-3-thienyl] perfluorocyleopentene (1a), was synthesized. The compound showed good photochromic reactions both in solution and in PMMA matrix by photo-irradiation. Using the diarylethene lb/PMMA film as recording medium and a He-Ne laser for recording and readout, four types of polarization holographic optical recording were accomplished for the first time. The results show that the orthogonal circular polarization recording is the best method for holographic optical recording when the target photochromic diarylethene is used as recording material. (c) 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V.

场效应晶体管型赖氨酸传感器的研究

用自行研制的SOS型氢离子敏场效应晶体管, 结合聚乙烯醇膜和赖氨酸脱羧酶膜, 研制成场 效应晶体管型赖氨酸传感器, 其线性响应范围为: 0.02%—0.10%, 响应灵敏度75±3mV,响应时间约2min。传感器寿命达60d, 在pH6.2的磷酸盐缓冲液中(含10~(-3)mol/L磷酸吡哆醛), 37℃时器件性能最优, 同时还考察了硅烷化及膜厚对器件性能的影响。用该传感器初步 检测强化赖氨酸饮料的含量, 结果与经典的茚三酮显色法基本一致。图5表2参6

TDLAS测量甲烷/空气预混平面火焰温度和H2O浓度

基于可调谐二极管激光器吸收光谱技术(TDLAS)建立了温度和H2O浓度测量系统，利用光谱数据库Hitran2004在1393nm附近选择了在500-1300K有很高测温灵敏度两条水吸收线:7168.437 cm-1,7185.597 cm-1。在1KHz的扫描频率下，利用直接吸收-扫描波长法对甲烷/空气预混平面火焰进行测量，并进行边界层修正，与热电偶的对比结果显示，在温度区间1100-1350K，两者最大相差80K(6.7%);水蒸气组分浓度与计算值平均相差小于0.02(10%)。

天然物质复配铁型絮凝剂及其处理味精废水的研究

采用不同天然物质(城市草炭土、草甸土、火山灰和红壤)与聚合硫酸铁复配,制备一种更为经济的新型絮凝剂,利用其对高浓度有机味精废水进行絮凝实验,并讨论了各组分的不同投加量比例及其絮凝的影响因素.研究结果表明:此种天然物质-聚合硫酸铁复配絮凝剂处理味精废水表现出优良的絮凝性能.其中以草甸土、红壤为天然复配材料处理效果最为显著,其最佳投加量比例为草甸土(g)∶聚合硫酸铁(m l)∶助剂(g)=11∶4∶6,最佳pH为7.0—8.0;红壤(g)∶聚合硫酸铁(m l)=10∶6,最佳pH为1.0—2.0.在此条件下,该天然复配铁型絮凝剂对味精废水的CODcr去除率远远高于聚合硫酸铁(PFS)本身,分别可达到71.1%和55.0%.

La_2O_3∶Sm发光粉的合成与发光性质的研究

以La2O3和Sm2O3为原料,用碳酸盐沉淀法制备了La2O3:Sm3+发光粉,并分别用XRD,SEM和发光光谱及寿命进行了表征。La2O3晶相的形成温度为800℃,其发光强度随温度升高而增强。La2O3基质中Sm3+的最佳掺杂浓度为1.5%(摩尔分数)。

Novel antifouling and antimicrobial compound from a marine-derived fungus Ampelomyces sp.

In this study, using a bioassay-guided isolation and purification procedure, we obtained 3-chloro-2,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol from a marine-derived Ampelomyces species that effectively inhibited larval settlement of the tubeworm Hydroides elegans and of cyprids of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite. The inhibitive effect on larval settlement was nontoxic and the EC50 of 3-chloro-2,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol ranged from 3.19 mu g ml(-1) to 3.81 mu g ml(-1) while the LC50 was 266.68 lambda g ml(-1) for B. amphitrite cyprids; EC50 ranged from 0.67 mu g ml(-1) to 0.78 mu g ml(-1), and LC50 was 2.64 mu g ml(-1) for competent larvae of H. elegans, indicating that inhibitive effect of this compound was nontoxic. At a concentration of 50 mu g per disc, this compound showed strong inhibitive effects on the growth of 13 out of 15 marine bacterial species tested in disc diffusion bioassay. Overall, the high inhibitory activities against bacteria and larval settlement as well as the non- or low-toxic nature of this compound to the barnacle and polychaete larvae suggest this compound could be a potent antifoulant and/or antibiotic.

2-(Benzotriazol-1-yl)-2-(alpha-hydroxybenzyl)-N-phenylthioacrylamide

In the title compound, C21H16N4OS, the dihedral angles between the planes of the benzotriazole and N-phenyl rings and the plane of the atoms that link these two rings are 79.56 (6) and 59.02 (5) degrees, respectively, while that between the two benzene rings is 64.12 (6) degrees. There are some inter- and intramolecular interactions in the crystal structure.