长白山地区红松和紫椴倒木呼吸研究

该文采用静态箱-气相色谱技术,对红松和紫椴倒木呼吸及其与腐烂等级、温度、含水量等因子间关系进行了研究,并对长白山阔叶红松林内倒木总呼吸进行了估算。结果显示,倒木呼吸存在较大的季节变化(0.7~13.6mg/(m2.h)),呼吸速率与倒木含水量、腐烂等级和温度显著相关(P<0.05)。其中,基于倒木温度变化的指数拟合方程解释了超过67%的呼吸变化。不同腐烂等级倒木Q10值变幅为2.41~2.95,Q10计算值与选用的温度区间有关。林内倒木呼吸总量为(26.9±5.1)g/(m2.a),约占林地CO2排放总量的3%、年净交换量的15%。

Solvent extraction of scandium(III) by Cyanex 923 and Cyanex 925

The extraction equilibria of Sc(III), Zr(IV), Ti(IV), Th(IV), Fe(III) and Lu(III) from sulphuric or hydrochloric acid media by Cyanex 923 (mixture of straight chain alkylated phosphine oxides) and Cyanex 925 (mixture of branched chain alkylated phosphine oxides) were studied at various aqueous acidities. The extractant Cyanex 923 demonstrated better scandium loading and selectivity for TI(IV). Fe(III) and Lu(III) than Cyanex 925. The effects of extractant concentration on the extractions of sulphuric acid and Sc(III) by Cyanex 923 were examined. The stoichiometries of the extraction reactions were postulated based on slope analysis. The experimental results indicate that Cyanex 923 can be employed to recover scandium directly from the hydrolytic mother solution arising from TiO2 production via the sulphate process. The parameters studied were scandium loading capacity, phase ratio, concentrations of Ti(IV) scrubbing and Sc(III) stripping agents. A new solvent extraction technology of scandium recovery was developed. The purity of the final Sc(III) product is above 95% with a yield > 94%. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.