Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Microstructure of Nanocrystalline Copper

The microstructure of computer generated nanocrystalline coppers is simulated by using molecular dynamics with the Finnis-Sinclair potential, analysed by means of radial distribution functions, coordination number, atomic energy and local crystalline order. The influence of the grain size on the nanocrystalline structure is studied. The results reveal that as the grain size is reduced, the grain boundary shows no significant structural difference, but the grain interior becomes more disordered, and their structural difference diminishes gradually; however, the density and the atomic average energy of the grain boundary present different tendencies from those of the grain interior.

微电子与微机械系统（MEMS）中的现代光学测试技术

介绍了微电子和微电子机械系统（MEMS）中几种常用的变形和形貌测量方法以及相关的测量设备。其中相移云纹干涉技术用于微电子器件的面内位移测量，灵敏度可达到纳米量级。显微栅线投影技术用于MEMS的离面变形和形貌测量，灵敏度可达0.1微米。

激光纳米治疗癌症研究发现新途径

2005年9月30日，中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所陈昆研究员领导的生物光子学研究小组与上海应用物理研究所李文新研究员领导的小组在对碳纳米管靶向药物传递细胞模型的合作研究中取得新发现：积聚在生物细胞中的碳纳米管对激光能量具有强烈吸收效应，并将光能量迅速转化为热能，产生的热效应导致了细胞的立刻崩溃。

Absorption characteristic and nonvolatile holographic recording in LiNbO3 : Cr : Cu crystals

The absorption characteristic of lithium niobate crystals doped with chromium and copper (Cr and Cu) is investigated. We find that there are two apparent absorption bands for LiNbO3:Cr:Cu crystal doped with 0.14 wt.% Cr2O3 and 0.011 wt.% CuO; one is around 480 nm, and the other is around 660 nm. With a decrease in the doping composition of Cr and an increase in the doping composition of Cu, no apparent absorption band in the shorter wavelength range exists. The higher the doping level of Cr, the larger the absorbance around 660 nm. Although a 633 nm red light is located in the absorption band around 660 nm, the absorption at 633 nm does not help the photorefractive process; i.e., unlike other doubly doped crystals, for example, LiNbO3:Fe:Mn crystal, a nonvolatile holographic recording can be realized by a 633 nm red light as the recording light and a 390 nm UV light as the sensitizing light. For LiNbO3:Cr:Cu crystals, by changing the recording light from a 633 nm red light to a 514 nm green light, sensitizing with a 390 nm UV light and a 488 nm blue light, respectively, a nonvolatile holographic recording can be realized. Doping the appropriate Cr (for example, N-Cr = 2.795 X 10(25)m(-3) and N-Cr/N-Cu = 1) benefits the improvement of holographic recording properties. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America.

Optimizations for the uniformity of the non-volatile volume grating in doubly doped LiNbO3 crystals

The formation of the non-uniformity of the non-volatile volume grating in doubly doped LiNbO3 crystals is studied in detail. We find that the non-uniformity of the grating is mainly caused by strong ultraviolet light absorption, and the average saturation space-charge field is small and the diffraction efficiency is low as a result of the non-uniformity of the grating. In order to optimize the uniformity of the grating, we propose the recording scheme by using two sensitizing beams simultaneously from the two opposite sides of the crystals. Theoretical simulations and experimental verifications are performed. Results show that the well uniformed grating with high diffraction efficiency can be obtained by using this optimization scheme. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Compensation for self-focusing by use of cascade quadratic nonlinearity

We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally compensation for positive Kerr phase shifts with negative phases generated by cascade quadratic processes. Experiments show correction of small-scale self-focusing and whole-beam self-focusing in the spatial domain and self-phase modulation in the temporal domain. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America.

利用双折射透镜组实现激光束空间整形

为了提高惯性约束聚变高功率激光系统的整体效率和充分利用光能，需要将高斯分布的光束整形为空间均匀分布的平顶光束。本文从球面透镜的琼斯矩阵出发，利用光学传输矩阵对双折射透镜组空间光束整形系统进行了理论分析，数值模拟了整形效果，讨论了透镜组参量的选择以及中心加工厚度误差等因素带来的影响，并对该系统进行了实验研究。在实验中，利用该双折射透镜组整型系统实现了光束的均匀化输出。在神光Ⅱ第九路中，在近场静态工作条件下，可将光束填充因子从原来的66％提高到80％。

姚虻唾液腺免疫调节肽及其基因和应用

本发明涉及一种姚虻唾液腺免疫调节肽及其基因和应用，属于生物医学领域。该免疫调节肽是中国虻科昆虫唾液腺免疫调节肽基因编码的一种线状多肽，其全序列为：甘氨酸-甘氨酸-缬氨酸-丝氨酸-甘氨酸-缬氨酸-丝氨酸-天冬氨酸-苯丙氨酸-谷氨酸-脯氨酸-异亮氨酸-谷氨酸-缬氨酸-丝氨酸- 甘氨酸-谷氨酸-天冬氨酸-酪氨酸-天冬酰胺-丝氨酸-天冬氨酸-谷氨酸 -丙氨酸-天冬氨酸-谷氨酸-天冬氨酸-甘氨酸-赖氨酸-丙氨酸。免疫调节肽基因由362个核苷酸组成，其中编码成熟编码姚虻唾液腺免疫调节肽为第 115-204位核苷酸。该姚虻唾液腺免疫调节肽作为抑制多种细胞因子的应用。本发明的免疫调节肽具有结构简单、人工合成方便、抗菌活性强等特点。

N-取代基-4-取代苯基-5-烷基-5-取代苄基吡咯烷酮-2,其中间体、其合成方法及其应用

由通式（Ⅰ）所示的Ｎ－取代基－４－取代苯基－５－烷基－５－取代苄基吡咯烷酮－２类化合物，具有钙拮抗活性，可应用于制备治疗脑功能障碍病药物，早老性痴呆病药物，增强学习记忆药物。其中Ｒ1是氢，取代苯甲酰基，１—５个碳原子的链状酰基。Ｒ2是氢，１—１０个碳原子的正、异构烷基。Ｘ是氢，邻、间、对位取代的氟、氯、溴原子或甲氧基、乙氧基。吡咯烷酮－２环上的４，５－二或三取代包括顺式（ＲＳ及ＳＲ）构型、反式（ＳＳ）及ＲＲ构型。合成通式（Ⅰ）及其吡咯烷酮－２的方法。通式（Ⅰ）如上。

东湖沉积物中微生物磷脂的垂向分布

以武汉东湖柱状沉积物为研究对象,利用磷脂法测定了3个采样点各层的微生物量,同时测定了沉积物中各层的pH,简要分析了沉积物中磷脂含量的垂向分布与pH垂向分布的相关性。结果表明:各样点沉积物中磷脂平均含量分别为:1号点59.40nmol/g.dw,2号点为20.56nmol/g.dw,3号点为31.57nmol/g.dw。在沉积物的垂向分布上,微生物量与pH均随着沉积物深度的增加而降低,并且存在很高的相关系数。

湖北省钟祥市南湖水生态环境评价

国家“十五”重大科技专项(2202AA601021); 国家杰出青年科学基金项目(39925007); 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2SW102); 中国科学院水生生物研究所学科前沿课题(2002); 淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室课题(2002FB11)项目资助

顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱测定水中异味化合物

采用顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用测定了水中常见的3种异味化合物,即2-甲基异茨醇、土腥素和β-柠檬醛。研究并讨论了纤维头的类型、盐的种类和浓度、温度、萃取时间、搅拌和解吸时间等因素对异味化合物萃取量的影响。结果表明:在水样中加入30%(W/V)的NaCl溶液,采用65μmPDMS/DVB纤维头,在搅拌的条件下,于60℃顶空萃取40min为异味化合物固相微萃取的最佳条件。在优化的条件下,使异味化合物吸附于纤维涂层后,将其在250℃高温下解吸,再用GC-MS分析。土腥素、β-柠檬醛、2-甲基异茨醇的检出

桌面虚拟现实环境下的双手交互技术

面向桌面虚拟环境,在分析通用交互设备特点的基础上,提出了具有广泛适用性的双手交互的设备组合;根据虚拟现实通用交互任务的需求,结合设备特点,提出了为左、右手设备分配不同的子任务的策略;组合不同的单手交互技术,提出了包括基于辅助平面的双手交互等3个适用于典型桌面设备组合的双手交互技术;开发了双手交互技术工具箱,并进行了应用验证·