中国畜牧业现状与可持续发展措施的研究

畜牧业是否成长为农村经济的支柱产业,是衡量一个国家农业发达程度的主要标志。现阶段.我国畜牧业的增长方式、发展路径、动力、市场和地位都发生了重大变化,给畜牧业的可持续发展提出了许多新问题和新挑战。近年来.我国畜牧业的发展取得了举世嘱目的成就,促进了国民经济的快速发展,丰富了城乡人民物质和文化生活的需要。随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的逐步提高.对畜牧产品的需求将有较大增长,大力加强和发展畜牧业将是我国农业的最终方向。依据现有统计资料,结合我国畜牧业的实际情况,根据"十一五"规划和建设社会主义新农村的要求,文章分析了畜牧业发展的地位,探讨了畜牧业存在的问题.并提出了相应的对策和建议。

Meat characteristics of Qinghai yak and semi-wild yak

Six domestic yaks aged 6 years, comprising three culling male and three culling female yaks, from the Qinghai Lake area and three male semi-wild yaks aged 6 months from Datong Yak Farm were used to detect the levels of amino acids, mineral elements, residual heavy metals and pesticides in yak meat. The results showed that there was little difference in amino acid levels for different types of yak by age and sex. The meat of the adult male yak was 7.35 mg/kg higher in calcium (P < 0.05) and 124 mg/kg higher in phosphorus (P < 0.01) than that of the adult female yak. There was an obvious difference in zinc content, and there was also a significant difference for copper and sulfur between adult male and female yaks (P < 0.01). Iron was 8.85 mg/kg higher in semi-wild yaks than in domestic yaks, but there were no differences for other minerals. The levels of residual heavy metals and residual pesticides were well within those allowed by the National Standard of China. Furthermore, the data showed that introducing wild yak's blood did not result in a quality change in the domestic yak meat. Yak meat from Qinghai Plateau has the characteristics of being non-polluted and rich in amino acids in comparison with local yellow cattle meat.