K418与42CrMo异种金属的激光穿透焊接

实验研究了连续波Nd：YAG激光焊接速度、侧吹保护气流量和离焦量等参量对激光穿透焊接K418和42CrMo焊缝成形的影响。结果表明，K418与42CrMo激光穿透焊接有X形和T形两种典型的焊缝形貌，且焊缝形貌是不对称的。随着焊接速度的提高，焊接线能量降低，焊缝尺寸变小，且焊缝上部尺寸变化比下部尺寸变化慢，焊缝形貌由X形过渡到T形。当离焦量在瑞利长度范围内时，焊缝正面宽度变化很小；当离焦量超出瑞利长度范围时，在足够高的激光功率密度下，焊缝正面宽度快速增加。在激光功率为3kW，侧吹保护气角度为35°条件下，通过优化焊接速度、侧吹保护气流量和离焦量等参量可以得到最佳焊缝质量。

The Hydrothermal Wave Of Large-Prandtl-Number Fluid In A Shallow Cavity

The hydrothermal wave was investigated numerically for large-Prandtl-number fluid (Pr = 105.6) in a shallow cavity with different heated sidewalls. The traveling wave appears and propagates in the direction opposite to the surface flow (upstream) in the case of zero gravity when the applied temperature difference grows and over the critical value. The phase relationships of the disturbed velocity, temperature and pressure demonstrate that the traveling wave is driven by the disturbed temperature, which is named hydrothermal wave. The hydrothermal wave is so weak that the oscillatory flow field and temperature distribution can hardly be observed in the liquid layer. The exciting mechanism of hydrothermal wave is analyzed and discussed in the present paper.

有限厚星系盘内域的泊松方程近似解析解

<正> 在星系密度波的渐近理论中,泊松方程的近似解析解有着十分重要的意义.对于无限薄盘,徐遐生、Bertin等以旋臂倾角参数i_0=m/kr为小参数先后求得相应泊松方程的一、二级渐近解,这些解可以很好地用于比较紧卷的螺旋结构,在平面盘密度波理论中起过重要作用;对于有限厚盘,彭秋和等人也曾得到相应泊松方程的一种解,不过此解需假定物质密度

真空磁过滤电弧离子镀法制备类金刚石涂层方法及性能研究

采用真空磁过滤电弧离子镀方法，在GT35基体上沉积类金刚石膜。通过对清洗工艺及弧电流、工件所加负偏压、沉积温度等参数的研究，制定出了合理的工艺路线，并对这种膜层进行了X-射线光电子谱（XPS）分析，利用干涉仪、纳米硬度计对膜层的粗糙度、纳米硬度作了进一步检测。结果表明，采用此种方法制备的类金刚石膜层，SP^3含量约为40．1％；组织致密，无大的颗粒；镀膜后的粗糙度可以达到0．015μm；纳米硬度约为55GPa。并将膜层与TiN膜层组成摩擦副，进行了耐磨性试验。结果表明膜层的耐磨性较好。

较高雷诺数圆柱尾流旋涡脱落的控制

本文提出一种改进的方法用以控制较高雷诺数圆柱尾流的旋涡脱落。在圆柱模型旁平行地放一薄窄条,其长度与圆柱相同,宽度为圆柱直径的0.2倍,厚度为直径的0.015倍。窄条面与圆柱母线平行而与柱面垂直。为固定窄条,引入一排小圆棒,使其位于窄条所在平面并垂直地与柱面连接。圆棒直径为圆柱直径的0.067倍,长度为圆柱直径的1.4倍。可变参数包括雷诺数,窄条与圆柱之间的距离,窄条与来流的攻角,以及棒间距。实验结果显示,当雷诺数Re=2000～5500,或Re>8000时,圆柱尾流中存在一个区域,当窄条位于此区域内时,旋涡脱落被有效抑制。Re>8000时,旋涡脱落被抑制的尾流很窄;而Re=2000-5500时,即使旋涡脱落被抑制,尾流也较宽。在Re=5500～8000之间有一个过渡雷诺数区,此过渡区域内应用此方法难以抑制旋涡脱落。实验表明小圆棒对流动的影响不大,该控制方法基本

较高雷诺数圆柱尾流旋涡脱落的控制

本文提出一种改进的方法用以控制较高雷诺数圆柱尾流的旋涡脱落。在圆柱模型旁平行地放一薄窄条,其长度与圆柱相同,宽度为圆柱直径的0．2倍,厚度为直径的0．015倍。窄条面与圆柱母线平行而与柱面垂直．为固定窄条,引入一排小圆棒。圆棒直径为圆柱直径的0．067倍,长度为圆柱直径的1．4倍。可变参数包括雷诺数,窄条与圆柱之间的距离,窄条与来流的攻角,以及棒间距。实验结果显示,当冒诺数高于2000低于5500,或高于8000时,圆柱尾流中存在一个区域,当窄条位于此区域内时,旋涡脱落被有效抑制。实验表明小圆棒对流动的影响不大,该控制方法基本上是二维的,窄条起决定作用。

A pseudo-spin model for the wall of cytoskeletal microtubule

A pseudo-spin model is intended to describe the physical dynamics of unbound electrons in the wall of cytoskeletal microtubule (MT). Due to the inherent symmetry of the structure and the electric properties in the MT, one may treat it as a one-dimensional ferroelectric system, and describe the nonlinear dynamics of dimer electric dipoles in one protofilament of the MT by virtue of the double-well potential. Consequently, the physical problem has been mapped onto the pseudo-spin system, and the mean-field approximation has been taken to get some physical results.

Near-field x-ray phase contrast imaging and phase retrieval algorithm

Theoretical analyses of x-ray diffraction phase contrast imaging and near field phase retrieval method are presented. A new variant of the near field intensity distribution is derived with the optimal phase imaging distance and spatial frequency of object taken into account. Numerical examples of phase retrieval using simulated data are also given. On the above basis, the influence of detecting distance and polychroism of radiation on the phase contrast image and the retrieved phase distribution are discussed. The present results should be useful in the practical application of in-line phase contrast imaging.

Characteristics of 980/1550 nm WDM coupler based on planar curved waveguides

A wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) for 980/1550 nm based on planar curved waveguide coupler (CWC) is proposed. Compared with conventional parallel straight waveguide coupler (SWC), this structure has more flexibility with two variable parameters of bending radius R and minimum edge-to-edge spacing do, which are the two main parameters for the splitting ratio of coupler and decrease the complexity of device design and fabrication. Based on coupled mode theory (CMT) and waveguide theory, R and do of the WDM CWC are designed to be R = 13.28 m and d(0) = 4.39 mu m. The contrast ratio (CR) and insertion loss (IL) for 980 and 1550 nm are CR1 = 24.62 dB, CR2 = 24.56 dB and IL1 = 0.014 dB, IL2 = 0.015 dB, respectively. The 3D beam propagation method (BPM) is used to verify the validity of the design result. The influence of R and d(0) variations on the device performance is analyzed. For CR > 20 dB, the variation ranges of R and d(0) should be within -0.10 to +0.44 m and -0.05 to + 0.02 mu m, respectively. (c) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

970nm抽运下Tm^3／Yb^3＋共掺氧氟玻璃的频率上转换发光

稀土离子掺杂的氧氟玻璃是一种新型上转换发光材料。制备了Tm^3／Yb^3＋单掺、共掺的摩尔分数为n（SiO2）-0．30，n（PbF2）-0．50，n=（Al2O3）=0．15，n（AlF3）=（0．049-x），n（TmF3）=y，n（YbF3）=x（x=0，0．001，0．010，0．015，0．020，y=0，0．001）系统氧氟玻璃，研究了其上转换发光特性、分析了其上转换发光机理。研究发现，在970nm抽运光源激发下，Tm^3＋单掺时没有可见光上转换发射；而加入Yb^3＋后产生了强的蓝光（452n

Upconversion emissions in Yb3+-Tm3+-doped tellurite glasses excited at 976 nm

Intense Tm3+ blue upconversion emission has been observed in Tm3+-Yb3+ codoped oxyfluoride tellurite glass under excitation with a diode laser at 976 nm. Three emission bands centered at 475, 650 and 796 nm corresponding to the transitions (1)G(4) -> H-3(6), (1)G(4) -> H-3(4) and F-3(4) -> H-3(6), respectively, simultaneously occur. The dependence of upconversion intensities on Tm3+ ions concentration and excitation power are investigated. For fixed Yb2O3 concentrations of 5.0 mol%, the maximum upconversion intensity was obtained with Tm2O3 concentration of about 0.1 mol%. The blue upconversion luminescence lifetimes of the Tm3+ transitions (1)G(4) -> H-3(6) are measured. The results are evaluated by the possible upconversion mechanisms.

基于梳状小波理论的颜色滤光片设计

渐变折射率薄膜因为消除了界面而克服了传统的分层介质膜的固有弊端。探讨了一种基于这种渐变膜系的设计方法。从小波理论及渐变折射率增透理论出发，以分层介质高反膜系为参照，给出了采用梳状（Rugate）滤光片设计不同类型颜色滤光片的设计原理，并以目前背投系统中使用的红、绿、蓝颜色滤光片为指标，理论设计出了具有优良光谱特性的红、绿、蓝颜色滤光片；对该设计结果进行了角度敏感性分析、偏振效应分析并与传统的反射膜叠加法得到的分层膜系进行比较，发现通过梳状滤光片理论设计的滤光片较传统的多层膜滤光片具有更小的角度敏感性和较小

水稻"化学杀雄"杂优利用研究

1971年起，组织了全省大协作，进行化学杀雄利用杂种优势的研究，化杀杂交水稻栽培面积逐年扩大，从75年的60亩发展到77年的70多万亩。经过对150余种药物进行筛选研究，研制以甲基甲酸锌为主要成分的“杀雄剂一号”，经上万亩水稻杀雄效果证明：杀雄效果达100％，杀雄效果稳定，经进一步研究，甲基甲酸钠比甲基甲酸锌的杀雄效果更佳。经广东省测试分析研究所多年分析结果，化学杀雄剂处理的杂优一代谷粒含砷量，远低于国家规定的允许量，完全符合国家的规定要求。“杀雄剂一号”喷洒籼稻杀雄，药剂配比浓度一般为0.015-0.03％，每兜禾喷药剂10毫升左右，从而达到杀雄的目的。制种量目前一般亩产30-50斤，高产的达100斤以上。杂优组合经大面积推广栽培，一般比本地当家种增产一至二成，有的增产三成以上，低产区增产更明显。某些水稻化杀杂种二代仍能增产，利用系数大。1977年全省推广水稻化杀杂种二代近50万亩，均有增产效果，很有推广价值。