用二异丙酮溶剂萃取~(233)Pa(Ⅴ)

用233Pa作示踪剂,苯作稀释剂,研究了二异丙酮(Di-iso-propyl-ketone)对Pa的溶剂萃取行为。分析了萃取效率与震荡时间、不同种类的无机酸浓度和萃取剂浓度的关系及F-对Pa溶剂萃取的影响。结果表明,二异丙酮是萃取Pa的一种优良的萃取剂;二异丙酮-盐酸体系适用于Pa的萃取研究。

Liquid-liquid extraction of Pa-233(V) with Aliquat 336

The extraction of protactinium with Aliquat 336 (methyl-tri-caprylyl ammonium chloride) in toluene, cyclohexane and chloroform from HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO4, HF and mixed HCl-HF media was investigated by radioactive tracer technique. Distribution ratios of protactinium between the aqueous solution and the organic phase were determined as a function of shaking time, concentrations of acid in aqueous solution phase, extractant concentration and type of diluents in the organic phase. Aliquat 336 can almost quantitatively extract protactinium from strong HCl solution. At the same time, small amounts of HF in HCl solutions have a strong effect on Pa distribution.

星系密度波的线性增长

本文以线性密度波局部渐近解为初值,求解二维非定常流体力学方程组和泊松方程,研究星系密度波的线性增长.数值计算结果表明,线性密度波将在几千万年时间内增长到与基态同量级,形成在中心区域具有棒形结构的螺旋图样.螺旋结构的图样速度及扰动密度的增长率随空间位置及时间变化.讨论了准稳螺旋结构假设的近似性.

复合材料的力学问题

<正> 目前,复合材料在现代技术的各个部门得到了越来越广泛的应用。复合材料有很大的潜力,这不仅是因为它的比力学性能高,而且是因为可根据结构应力状态和作用在结构上的载荷特性,用改变增强纤维排列的方法得到合乎需要的材料。复合材料的力学问题,不仅很重要而且很复杂。复合材料理论不仅对确定结构的应力-应变状态,而且对

激光和等离子体的相互作用

<正> 一、引言 激光和等离子体的相互作用,在激光核聚变和激光反导的研究课题中,都占有十分重要的位置。激光问世不久,1961年3月在苏联科学院主席团报告中提出“激光对体积不大的稠密等离子体加热到高温的可能性”。1962年发表“激光和等离子体相互作用”的研究报告[1]。1971年O.N.Krokhin作了“激

关于脉冲星的磁层结构

本文讨论有力场的脉冲星磁层结构。用极角展开的方法。可以得到轴对称脉冲星方程组的局部解。本文特别讨论了极轴附近和赤道面附近的区域。在脉冲星表面附近磁能密度比其他能量密度大,远离脉冲星表面处,引力势能和转动动能相对较大,这些因素会影响脉冲星磁层中的物质分布。分析表明,等离子体的转动可能是非刚性的,因而可能不存在一个闭场的共转区域。

高速流动激光器的稳定振荡条件、模式结构与输出功率特性

本文直接由辐射场方程与边界条件导出了高速流动激光器的稳定振荡条件,指出了文献[1]所假定的稳定振荡条件仅在一定条件下近似成立,用本文得到的稳定振荡条件与文献[2]的饱和增益公式导出了GDL输出功率表达式,指出了输出功率与GDL各种参量之间的关系,用几何光学近似导出了光腔模式的解析表达式,指出了充有流动激活介质的Fabry-Perot腔的模式结构与特征.文中对Gerry的典型

薄膜辐射热探测器

<正> 薄膜辐射热探测器是一种结构简单,灵敏度高,响应快速的辐射热测量元件,特别适用于短时间超声速设备中的辐射测量,也可以在辐射能的标定中使用。这种探测器是在通常薄膜电阻温度计的表面上覆盖一层碳黑类物质,以增加它的吸收率和扩大吸收谱的宽度,且减少吸收率随波长的变化。

再談貫流式水輪机的設計——答曹鵾同志

<正> 作者在1959年写了一篇“小型高此速螺旋桨式水輪机的一个簡单設計方法”。哈尔滨工业大学学报在同年发表了曹鵾同志的文章,对作者的文章提出了一些討論。曹鵾同志对这一工作如此关心和帮助,使作者感到非常高兴,但是对于曹鹍同志的一些意见,

An improvement on the theoretical model for the large-scale coherent structures in the outer region of a turbulent boundary layer

According to the experimental results, there exist large-scale coherent structures in the outer region of a turbulent boundary layer, which have been studied by many authors.As experimental results, Antonia (1990) showed the phase- aver aged streamlines and isovorticity lines of the large-scale coherent structures in a turbulent boundary layer for different Reynolds numbers. Based on the hydrodynamic stability theory, the 2-D theoretical model for the large-scale structures was proposed by Luo and Zhou, in which the eddy viscosity was defined as a complex function of the position in the normal direction. The theoretical results showed in ref. were in agreement with those in ref. However, there were two problems in the results. One is that in the experimental results, there were divergent focuses between two saddle points in the streamlines, but in the theoretical results, there were centers. The other is that the stretched parts of the isovorticity lines appear at the location of centers in the theoretical results, while in the experimental results they located somewhere between the focuses and saddle points. The reason is that the computations were based on a 2-D model.

Unloading characteristics of anti-plane shear crack in softening materials

The local characteristics of the anti-plane shear stress and strain field are determined for a material where the stress increases linearly with strain up to a limit and then softens nonlinearly. Two unloading models are considered such that the unloading path always returns to the origin while the other assumes the unloading modulus to be that of the initial shear modulus. As the applied shear increases, an unloading zone is found to prevail between a zone in which the material softens and another zone in which the material is linear-elastic even though the crack does not propagate. The divisions of these zones are displayed graphically.

家兔胫骨的三点弯测试

目的:探讨采用工程材料力学中抗弯梁的力学模型,通过兔胫骨三点弯测试,获得整骨材料力学测试方法实用的力学参数。方法:采用10只正常成年大耳白兔下肢骨标本,共10对胫骨,行三点弯力学测试。作为骨的三维实体模型建立后,虚拟加载的一种实验对比模式。支承跨距为80mm。结果:得到10对正常大耳白兔胫骨抗弯力学参数。胫骨最大载荷所对应的加载点挠度平均值右侧(2.737±0.262)mm,左侧(2.739±0.233)mm;胫骨的最大载荷(代表抗弯强度)的平均值右侧(17.803±2.675)kg,左侧(18.366±2.653)kg;胫骨最大载荷前载荷-挠度曲线下面积平均值右侧(23.829±4.413)kg·mm,左侧(24.725±4.101)kg·mm;胫骨载荷￣挠度曲线线性部分斜率(代表抗弯刚性)平均值右侧(7.545±1.310)kg/mm,左侧(7.631±1.174)kg/mm。结论:正常家兔胫骨个体间差异较大,建议三点弯测试实验中采用双侧配对比较。