Effects of Microstructural Heterogeneity on the Spallation Behavior of Materials

It is of utmost importance to understand the spallation behaviour of heterogeneous materials. In this paper, a driven nonlinear threshold model with stress fluctuation is presented to study the effects of microstructural heterogeneity on continuum damage evolution. The spallation behavior of heterogeneity material is analyzed with this model. The heterogeniety of mesoscopic units is characterized in terms of Weibull modulus m of strength distibution and stress fluctuation parameter k. At high stress, the maximum damage increases with m; while at low stress, the maximum damage decreases. In addition, for low stress, severe stress fluctuation causes higher damage; while for high stress, causes lower damage.

激光热—力耦合作用引起颗粒增强金属基复合材料的损伤与断裂

用激光热冲击作为实验手段，研究了颗粒增强金属基复合材料在热-力耦合作用下的损伤与断裂。在宏观上发现了这种复合材料的破坏效应是热-力耦合的非线性效应。在微观上观察到了微观破坏的三种模式及微观结构对其热冲击性能的影响，同时定量测定了其在不同热-力耦合作用下的损伤程度。

基于PROFIBUS-DP的激光加工系统数字化控制

提出采用PROFIBUS-DP现场总线技术实现对激光柔性加工系统的数字化控制，给出了控制实现过程中的DL动态链接库方案，详述了控制中的同步问题，并将其应用于汽车覆盖件模具激光表面硬化，编程采用VC++面向对象工具加以实现。

Characteristics of the interface of a laser-quenched steel substrate and chromium electroplate

The interface of a laser-discrete-quenched steel substrate and as-deposited chromium electroplate was investigated by ion beam etching, dissolving-substrate-away and using a Vickers microhardness tester, in an attempt to reveal the mechanism that the service life of the chromium-coated parts is increased by the duplex technique of laser pre-quenching plus chromium post-depositing. The laser quenching of the steel substrate can reduce the steep hardness gradient at the substrate/chromium interface and improve the load-bearing capacity of chromium electroplate. Moreover, the laser quenching prior to plating has an extremely great effect on the morphologies and microstructure of the substrate/chromium interface: there is a transient interlayer at the original substrate/chromium interface while there is not at the laser-quenchedzone/chromium interface; the near-substrate surface microstructure and morphologies of the free-standing chromium electrodeposits, whose substrate was dissolved away with nital 30% in volume, inherit the periodically gradient characteristics of the laser-discrete-quenched substrate surface. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

风沙二相流动的三流体模型

采用连续介质观点研究风沙运动,这一工作的关键在于如何正确地模化颗粒相的应力. 通过对气-固二相流研究中常用的双流体模型的分析,发现此模型在研究风沙运动时有相 当的缺陷,即使是研究最简单的风沙流——定常二维充分发展的流场也是如此.提出了将 向上、向下运动的颗粒用两种拟流体来表征的三流体模型.

Long pulsed laser induced reverse bulging and plugging

A new kind of failure mode is observed in circular brass foils whose peripheries are fixed and whose surfaces are subjected to a long pulsed laser over a central region. The failure is classified into three stages; they are referred to as thermal bulging, localized shear deformation and perforation by plugging. A distinct feature of the failure mode is that bulging and plugging occurred in the direction opposite to the incident laser beam. The failure mode is different from the well-known types of laser induced material damage, such as spallation, melting and/or vaporization.

纳米铜团簇扩散性质研究

本文通过分子动力学模拟研究了纳米铜团簇的自扩散性质,结果表明Nc8949铜团簇自扩散系数随温度的升高而增大,在温度为1000 K时纳米铜团簇的扩散系数随团簇半径的倒数基本呈线性增加.同时指出在常温下团簇几乎无扩散行为,而某些文献中关于常温下晶粒扩散分子动力学模拟结果是模拟体系宏观转动造成的虚假现象.

源于G.I.Taylor工作的现代经典物理学

一位科学家的工作提供了一门完整课程的素材，涉及从流体动力学稳定性、湍流到流体电动力学、微生物的运动．

Effects of Microstructural Heterogeneity on The Spallation Behavior of Materials

It is of utmost importance to understand the spallation behaviour of heterogeneous materials. In this paper, a driven nonlinear threshold model with stress fluctuation is presented to study the effects of microstructural heterogeneity on continuum damage evolution. The spallation behavior of heterogeneity material is analyzed with this model. The heterogeniety of mesoscopic units is characterized in terms of Weibull modulus m of strength distibution and stress fluctuation parameter k. At high stress, the maximum damage increases with m; while at low stress, the maximum damage decreases. In addition, for low stress, severe stress fluctuation causes higher damage; while for high stress, causes lower damage.

Guiding neutral atoms with two current-carrying wires and a vertical bias field on the atom chip

We demonstrate the guiding of neutral atoms with two parallel microfabricated current-carrying wires on the atom chip and a vertical magnetic bias field. The atoms are guided along a magnetic field minimum parallel to the current-carrying wires and confined in the other two directions. We describe in detail how the precooled atoms are efficiently loaded into the two-wire guide. We present a detailed experimental study of the motional properties of the atoms in the guide and the relationship between the location of the guide and the vertical bias field. This two-wire guide with vertical bias field can be used to realize large area atom interferometer.

Number of phase levels of a Talbot array illuminator

The number of phase levels of a Talbot array illuminator is an important factor in the estimation of practical fabrication complexity and cost. We show that the number it) of phase levels of a Talbot array illuminator has a simple relationship to the prime number. When there is an alternative pi -phase modulation in the output array, the relations are similar. (C) 2001 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 070.6760, 050.1950, 050.1980.

Improvement of sensitivity and refractive-index changes in LiNbO3 : Ce : Cu crystals with UV light

A nonvolatile recording scheme is proposed using LiNbO3:Ce:Cu crystals and modulated UV light to record gratings simultaneously in two centres and using red light to bleach the grating in the shallow centre to realize persistent photorefractive holographic storage. Compared with the normal UV-sensitized nonvolatile holographic system, the amplitude of refractive-index changes is greatly increased and the recording sensitivity is significantly enhanced by recording with UV light in the LiNbO3:Ce:Cu crystals. Based on jointly solving the two-centre material equations and the coupled-wave equations, temporal evolutions of the photorefractive grating and the diffraction effciency are effectively described and numerically analysed. Roles of doping levels and recording-beam intensity are discussed in detail. Theoretical results confirm and predict experimental results.

大口径干涉仪装置的调整及支承机构

采用蜗轮蜗杆驱动调整机构、使用同步带安装标准镜片方式、正交十字导轨支撑等可有效提高光学精密检测系统中大口径干涉仪装置的镜面面形质量、稳定性和调节准确度，从理论上介绍了蜗轮蜗杆驱动机构等设计原理及其基本公式，并从实验上验证了这些机构对光学精密检测系统稳定性的影响．