Stress-strain fields and the effectiveness shear properties for three-phase composites with imperfect interface

Based on the 'average stress in the matrix' concept of Mori and Tanaka (:Mori, T., Tanaka, K., 1973. Average stress in matrix and average elastic energy of materials with misfitting inclusion. Acta Metall. 21, 571-580) a micromechanical model is presented for the prediction of the elastic fields in coated inclusion composites with imperfect interfaces. The solutions of the effective elastic moduli for this kind of composite are also obtained. In two kinds of composites with coated particulates and fibers, respectively, the interface imperfections are takes to the assumption that the interface displacement discontinues are linearly related to interface tractions like a spring layer of vanishing thickness. The resulting effective shear modulus for each material and the stress fields in the composite are presented under a transverse shear loading situation.

Microstructure and wear resistance of in situ TiCp composite coating by laser cladding

A new in situ method was realized by one step laser cladding to produce Ni-base alloy composite coating reinforced by in situ reacted and gradiently distributed TiCp particles. The submicron TiCp particles were formed and uniformly distributed because of the in situ reaction and trapping effect under the rapid solidification condition. And, TiCp particles were of gradient distribution on a macro scale and their volume fraction increased from 1.86% at the layer/substrate interface to a maximum 38.4% at the surface of the layer. Furthermore, the in situ generated TiCp/gamma-Ni interfaces were free from deleterious surface reactions. Additionally, the clad coating also revealed a high microhardness of gradient variation with the layer depth and the superior abrasive wear resistance.

氮化钛沉积膜的摩擦性能研究

采用等离子电弧沉积法在9Cr18钢表面制备了厚约0.5 μm的TiN薄膜，通过显微硬度测试以及纳米压痕和纳米划痕试验，对比考察了9Cr18钢及其表面TiN薄膜的机械和摩擦性能。结果表明，9Cr18钢及其表面TiN沉积膜的纳米硬度分别为8GPa和38GPa，弹性模量分别为250GPa和580 GPa，9Cr18、TiN和有机薄膜的摩擦系数分别为0.40、0.12和、0.10；TiN沉积膜可显著提高基体钢的承载和耐磨能力。

Features of the supercritical transition in the wake of a circular cylinder

The features of the wake behind a uniform circular cylinder at Re = 200, which is just beyond the critical Reynolds number of 3-D transition, are investigated in detail by direct numerical simulations by solving 3-D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations using mixed spectral-spectral-element method. The high-order splitting algorithm based on the mixed stiffly stable scheme is employed in the time discretization. Due to the nonlinear evolution of the secondary instability of the wake, the spanwise modes with different wavelengths emerge. The spanwise characteristic length determines the transition features and global properties of the wake. The existence of the spanwise phase difference of the primary vortices shedding is confirmed by Fourier analysis of the time series of the spanwise vorticity and attributed. to the dominant spanwise mode. The spatial energy distributions of various modes and the velocity profiles in the near wake are obtained. The numerical results indicate that the near wake is in 3-D quasi-periodic laminar state with transitional behaviors at this supercritical Reynolds number.

同时测量氢和氧CARS谱的新方法

提出一种仅需一台染料激光器即可同时测量火焰中氢和氧的CARS谱的新方法。取带宽为120cm~(-1)，中心波长位于580.4nm的Stokes光束与532nm的泵浦光束相配合，同时测量氢扩散火焰中的氢和氧的CARS谱，用氢的S(6)和S(5)的积分强度比确定火焰中的温度并与氮的Q支CARS谱测量的温度和经过热损耗修正的热电偶测得的温度取得了相当好的一致结果。一次测出氢和氧的CARS谱，避免多次测量中参数的难以重复性，提高了以温度为参数来确定浓度的准确性。

一种弹性损伤材料的Ⅲ型裂纹解

本文用复变函数中保角映射的方法求得了一种弹性损伤材料的 Ⅲ 型裂纹在小范围损伤条件下的全场解。给出了损伤区形状、损伤耗散能、裂纹表面剪开位移及损伤区前方应力分布等数值结果。为校核小范围损伤条件,还计算了距裂纹尖端不同远处本文解与k_Ⅲ 场之差。

可膨胀塑性本构方程及其在轴对称试棒韧性断裂分析中的应用

由于大应变和三轴张力的怍用,在许多韧性材料中将出现空洞的形成与扩展,从而产生塑性条件下的体积膨胀。本文提出了一组可以计及这类塑性可膨胀性的本构方程。利用轴对称试棒颈缩实验的结果、空洞模型的分析和计算模拟,可以标定方程中有关的切线模量值。为检验这类本构方程的合理性和核对所标定的模量数值,可再用之分析轴对称试棒的韧性断裂行为,以获取更逼近实验的结果。

微重力条件下开口矩形容器的小Pr热毛细对流

采用数值方法研究了微重力条件下开口矩形容器内小Prandtl数镓(Ga)熔体生长过程中定常热毛细对流，讨论了Re数、几何纵横比A和侧壁外加温差的相对高度H对熔体内温度场和流场分布的影响。计算结果表明，热毛细对流对熔体温度分布有明显的影响，从而影响着晶体生长过程。自由面两侧温度差很小(如0.1K)时，熔体内温度场将发生变化；当温度差增加即Re数增加时，热毛细对流加强，对流和扩散相互作用导致温度场分布更加不均匀。无论多小的H值，若自由面存在温差，都会驱动热毛细对流；随着H值增加，热毛细对流会扩展到整个熔区。几何纵横比A对熔体内温度场和流场也有影响，当A比较大时，在固/液界面附近扩散起主导作用。

水蒸气对氧化钙脱氯效率影响的实验研究

本文采用实验方法,在一个流化床反应器中研究160～750℃下水蒸气的存在对HCl脱除效率(RE)的影响.实验结果表明:在低温区,水蒸气对RE的影响不明显;380℃时水蒸气的存在抑制反应进行;580℃和750℃时,脱除效率先下降,当水蒸气含量达到15%时,又呈现上升趋势.对于水蒸气含量为5%、10%和15%情况下,580℃的脱氯效率最高.最后通过对暴露的反应物表面积和HCl气体穿越产物层扩散过程的分析解释实验得到的规律.

Simultaneous three-photon absorption induced ultraviolet upconversion in Pr3+:Y2SiO5 crystal by femtosecond laser irradiation

Near-infrared to ultraviolet upconversion luminescence was observed in the Pr3+ :Y2SiO5 crystal with 120 fs, 800 mn infrared laser irradiation. The observed emissions at around 270 nm and 305 nm could be assigned to 5d -> 4f transitions of Pr3+ ions. The relationship between the upconversion luminescence intensity and the pump power of the femtosecond laser reveals that the UV emission belongs to simultaneous three-photon absorption induced upconversion luminescence. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Structural change of laser-irradiated Ge2Sb2Te5 films studied by electrical property measurement

Sheet resistance of laser-irradiated Ge2Sb2Te5 thin films prepared by magnetron sputtering was measured by the four-point probe method. With increasing laser power the sheet resistance undergoes an abrupt drop from 10(7) to 10(3) Omega/square at about 580 mW. The abrupt drop in resistance is due to the structural change from amorphous to crystalline state as revealed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) study of the samples around the abrupt change point. Crystallized dots were also formed in the amorphous Ge2Sb2Te5 films by focused short pulse laser-irradiated, the resistivities at the crystallized dots and the non-crystallized area are 3.375 x 10(-3) and 2.725 Omega m, sheet resistance is 3.37 x 10(4) and 2.725 x 10(7) Omega/square respectively, deduced from the I-V Curves that is obtained by conductive atomic force microscope (C-AFM). (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

First-principles study of the electronic structures and absorption spectra for the PbMoO4 crystal with lead vacancy

The electronic structures and absorption spectra for the perfect PbMoO4 crystal and the crystal containing lead vacancy V-Pb(2-) with lattice structure optimized are calculated using density functional theory code CASTEP. The calculated absorption spectra of the PbMoO4 crystal containing V-Pb(2-) exhibit three absorption bands peaking at 2.0 eV (620 nm), 3.0 eV (413 run) and 3.3 eV (375 nm), which are in good agreement with experimental values. The theory predicts that the 390 nm, 430 nm and 580 run absorption bands are related to the existence of V-Pb(2-) in the PbMoO4 crystal.

1053，527，351nm倍频分离膜的制备与性能研究

用电子束蒸发及光电极值监控技术在石英基底上沉积了三倍频分离膜，将部分样品置空气中于250℃温度下进行3h热退火处理。然后用Lambda900分光光度计测量了样品的光谱性能；用表面热透镜技术测量了样品的弱吸收值；用调Q脉冲激光装置测试了样品分别在355nm和1064nm的抗激光损伤阈值。实验结果发现，样品的实验光谱性能良好。退火前后其光谱性能几乎没有发生温漂，说明薄膜的温度稳定性好；同时弱吸收平均值从退火前的1.07×10^-4下降到退火后的6．2×10^-5，从而使对基频的抗激光损伤阈值提高，从14．6J