Mass resolved MPI spectra of methyl iodide in the 430-490 nm region

The mass resolved multiphoton ionization (MPI) spectra of methyl iodide were obtained in the 430-490 nm region using a time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. They have the same vibrational structure, which testifies that the fragment species, in the wavelength region under study, are from the photodissociation of multiphoton ionized molecular parent ions. Some features in the spectra are identified as three-photon excitations to 6p and 7s Rydberg states of methyl iodide. Two new vibrational structures of some Rydberg states are observed. The mechanism of ionization and dissociation is also discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

A micromechanical model of influence of particle fracture and particle cluster on mechanical properties of metal matrix composites

A general analytical model for a composite with an isotropic matrix and two populations of spherical inclusions is proposed. The method is based on the second order moment of stress for evaluating the homogenised effective stress in the matrix and on the secant moduli concept for the plastic deformation. With Webull's statistical law for the strength of SiCp particles, the model can quantitatively predict the influence of particle fracture on the mechanical properties of PMMCs. Application of the proposed model to the particle cluster shows that the particle cluster has neglected influence on the strain and stress curves of the composite. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V.

在激波风洞中转捩现象的观察

<正> 1.引言 众所周知,层流边界层的不稳定性分三个阶段:第一阶段由二维线化Tollmien-Schlichting波理论所制约(以下简称T-S波),已被许多实验所证实。第二阶段由于非线性和三维效应,T-S波在向下游传播时,它的幅值不再按上述理论预计的那样变化,但仍为有限幅值。第三阶段T-S波失稳,也即层流边界层失稳,向湍流转捩,最后发展成湍流。第二、第三阶段无理论可循,只有借助实验。Klebanoff在低速平板上,用热线风速仪仔细地研究了层流边界层第三阶段的特征。发现当T-S波失稳时,突

弹塑性介质的一种非线性强化模型

本文提出的模型中假定应力空间中屈服曲面之外连续分布着无穷多个曲面,每个曲面对应一个硬化模量,它们随着塑性变形而移动。该模型还给出上述曲面的半径与硬化模量的关系曲线。曲面的移动可以反映塑性各向异性的空间性质,而硬化模量曲线的变化则反映了材料的硬化(或软化)性质。

反射聚光太阳灶热效率的计算与实验

本文讨沦了反射聚光式太阳灶热效率的计算方法和测试方法,并对一种凹面玻璃太阳灶的热效率进行了计算和实测,二者的结果基本相符。表明本文讨论的反射聚光太阳灶瞬态瞬时效率的测试方法是可行的。

球型压头下块体金属玻璃“隆起”现象的数值模拟研究

金属玻璃材料在压痕实验中,材料在压头周围形成明显的"隆起"(pile-up)现象.Pile-up的产生给计算材料硬度、杨氏模量和应力-应变关系等力学性质带来较大偏差.利用有限元方法对金属玻璃材料进行球型压头压痕实验的数值模拟,提出了一种表征pile-up效应的新模型.使用该模型计算Zr_(41.2)Ti_(13.8)Cu_(12.5)Ni_(10)Be_(22.5)金属玻璃材料不同压入深度pile-up下的接触半径和材料硬度,获得与数值模拟下真实值吻合较好的结果.

天花粉蛋白晶体生长的斜锥形成核机制

用原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了天花粉蛋白(Trichosanthin,TCS)晶体表面的斜锥形成核过程.对不同过饱和度下(σ=1.02~1.65)的TCS晶体成核过程进行了全方位的跟踪观察.发现在结晶前期,体系先采用线型生长,生长成链状聚集体,再进行侧向链间结合,最后形成不对称三维斜锥形核;在后期的成核过程中,TCS分子以尺寸不一的球形聚集体存在,并依次连接成串,进一步形成斜锥形核.通过AFM实验,详实地观测了TCS晶体生长的斜锥形成核过程,并从结构生物学角度阐释了这一成核现象的微观机制,给出了两种的成核途径.

第24届国际稀薄气体动力学会议简介

第24届国际稀薄气体动力学会议于2004年7月11日至16日在意大利巴里市召开.会议主席为巴里大学化学系主任马里奥?卡彼特利教授.

第四届世界生物力学大会简介

"第四届世界生物力学大会"(4~(th)World Congress on Biomechanics)于2002年8月3~11日在加拿大卡尔加里(Calgary,Canada)召开．会议主办单位为卡尔加里大学，参会人数约1 600人．参加会议的主要国家包括：美、英、德、日、加、意、法、中国和中国香港等50余国家和地区．会议交流的论文篇数约为1680篇(含口头报告及墙展)．中国中科院力学所、中日友好医院、四川大学、重庆大学等6位学者参加了本次会议．所发表的工作分别涉及细胞与分子生物力学、假肢生物力学、白细胞力学-生物学耦合、血流动力学等方面，其研究工作在整体上符合当前本领域的发展方向，有的工作具有国际竞争性，会议的反响是肯定的．作者在"分子与细胞生物力学"(Molecular and Cellular Biomechanics)分会上做了口头报告和墙报展讲．

生物素-亲和素微模式表面的制备与细胞定位

细胞在模式化表面的定位培养地于组织工程、生物传感器技术和细胞生物学基础研究具有重要意义。研究基于软光刻技术的生物素-亲和素微模式表面快速制备方法，并用所制备的模式进行牛主动脉血管内皮细胞的定位培养。表明该技术可在细胞尺度上有效地控制细胞生长的空间位置。

超短激光脉冲的绝对相位对三能级Λ型原子布居的影响

通过数值求解含时薛定谔方程,研究超短激光脉冲与三能级Λ型原子相互作用过程中影响原子电离态跃迁几率的几个因素,如：绝对相位,啁啾率等。研究结果表明激光绝对相位、啁啾率的大小是关系态跃迁几率的重要因素,通过调节超短激光脉冲的绝对相位和啁啾率,可以将态跃迁几率控制到较大的水平。本文研究结果为实验上对态跃迁几率的控制提供了相关理论基础。

长周期莫尔光栅的理论研究

长周期光纤光栅作为一种损耗型的带阻滤波器，在光纤通信和光纤传感器领域有着广泛的应用。结合长周期光纤光栅的传输特性，利用传输矩阵法对多种长周期莫尔光栅的透射谱进行了理论模拟。分析结果表明，莫尔光栅技术在制作高性能的相移长周期光栅和变迹长周期光栅上有着很好的应用前景。

Relay lens-free birefringence-customized stackable beam-steering modules for optical interconnects

A previously suggested birefringence-customized modular optical interconnect technique is extended for lens-free relay operation. Various lens-free relay imaging models are developed. We claim that the lens-free relay system is important in simplifying an optical interconnect system whenever the imaging conditions permit. To verify the validity of various proposed concepts, we experimentally implemented some 8 x 8 optical permutation modules. High-power efficiency and low channel cross talk were experimentally observed. In general, the larger the channel spacing, the less the cross talk. A quantitative cross-talk measurement of the lens-free relay system shows that, for a fixed channel width of 0.5 mm and channel spacings of 0.5, 1, and 2 mm, a less than -20-dB cross-talk performance can be guaranteed for lens-free relay distances of 40, 280, and 430 mm, respectively. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America.

Yb：YAG晶体的红外闪烁特性

用脉冲电子束激发测量了不同Yb^3+掺杂浓度的Yb：YAG晶体的红外(IR)闪烁发光性能。Yb：YAG晶体的IR闪烁发光具有高的光产额和长的衰减时间，但存在浓度猝灭效应和温度依赖关系。Yb：YAG晶体的IR闪烁性能还与晶体品质有关，相同掺杂浓度的Yb：YAG晶体，品质优异的会获得更高的光产额。这一初步的研究成果表明，部分掺Yb^3+晶体有可能用于医学成像装置。

Structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnO thin films grown on gamma-LiAlO2 substrate by pulsed laser deposition

ZnO thin films were deposited on the substrates of (100) gamma-LiAlO2 at 400, 550 and 700 degrees C using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) with the fixed oxygen pressure of 20 Pa, respectively. When the substrate temperature is 400 degrees C, the grain size of the film is less than 1 mu m observed by Leitz microscope and measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD). As the substrate temperature increases to 550 degrees C, highly-preferred c-orientation and high-quality ZnO film can be attained. While the substrate temperature rises to 700 degrees C, more defects appears on the surface of film and the ZnO films become polycrystalline again possibly because more Li of the substrate diffused into the ZnO film at high substrate temperature. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of ZnO films at room temperature show the blue emission peaks centered at 430 nm. We suggest that the blue emission corresponds to the electron transition from the level of interstitial Zn to the valence band. Meanwhile, the films grown on gamma-LiAlO2 (LAO) exhibit green emission centered at 540 nm, which seemed to be ascribed to excess zinc and/or oxygen vacancy in the ZnO films caused by diffusion of Li. from the substrates into the films during the deposition.