基于3S技术的深圳市水土保持管理信息系统研究

深圳市水土保持管理信息系统采用B/W/D三层体系结构,实现GIS和MIS的紧密结合,克服了C/S结构的客户端维护量大的弱点,发挥B/W/D结构良好的数据交互能力和便于集中控制、维护简单的优点,充分利用了GIS优越的空间分析、直观的信息表达功能和MIS强大的数据存储、处理功能。系统通过对水土保持工作必需的信息进行分析和检索,利用地图、文字、表格、影像等多种手段进行信息表达。通过开发的水土流失估算模型,可对将要进行开发的建设项目的水土流失量进行估算,同时可以载入遥感影像图,为水土流失状况的对比、分析提供更为直观、清晰的效果,也可利用GPS接口转入GPS设备采集的数据,进行地块数据自动、批量录入、更新,实现系统专题图等数据的动态更新。

基于3S技术的中国东北地区林地时空动态特征及驱动力分析

利用3S技术和中国资源环境数据库中用LandSatTM(ETM)解译获取的东北地区1985,1995,2000年林地空间分布数据,建立林地时空演变模型,定量分析东北地区林地变化时空特征。结果表明:1985～2000年东北地区林地发生较大幅度变化,时空差异明显;1995～2000林地急剧减少趋势得到有效遏止,有林地面积出现一定程度增长,但林地变化的广度和强度仍然超过1985～1995年,突出表现在大兴安岭地区林地动态度增加。从空间格局上看,大小兴安岭、长白山山麓地带林地动态变化最强烈,主要表现为林地与耕地和草地相互转换。

基于3S的自然植被光能利用率的时空分布特征的模拟

光能利用率(LUE)直接影响植被各层中的能量分布和光合速率,在确定环境对光合和地上部生长分配的综合限制上十分有价值,是衡量系统功能的一个重要指标。本研究以遥感图像(TM)作为数据源,获取了影响植被LUE的重要变量———叶面积指数(LAI);用程序语言编写了描述系统碳循环和水循环的景观尺度生态系统生产力过程模型(EPPML),对长白山自然保护区的太阳总辐射、净初级生产力(NPP)和LUE等的季节动态和空间分布进行了模拟;并用地理信息系统(GIS)手段对空间数据进行处理、分析和显示,从而实现了将植物生理生态研

“3S”技术系统集成研究及其在县级土地利用动态监测中的应用

用遥感（Remote Sensing, RS）进行小比例尺的土地动态监测已是比较成熟的技术，随着“3S”技术的发展，如何用“3S”技术进行县级1：10000大比例尺土地利用动态监测是一个新课题，本文以国家“九五”重点科技攻关课题为基础，提出用“3S”技术进行县级土地利用动态监测的技术路线：用RS发现靶区；GPS实测变化地块数据，保证精度；GIS做为集成平台，进行土地数据的日常管理。在包头示范区，用“3S”技术进行县级1：1万大比例尺土地利用动态监测取得了圆满成功：RS“靶区”发现率在92%以上；GPS实测精度在2M以内；选国产GIS软件MAPGIS，进行二次开发而成的县级土地利用动态监测系统界面友好，功能强大。实现证明用“3S”技术进行县级土地利用动态监测方法具有明显的优势。本文对用“3S”技术进行县级土地利用动态监测的技术路线，和实施过程作了较详细的说明。

Jet:progress in performance and understanding

In 1990 JET operated with a number of technical improvements which led to advances in performance and permitted the carrying out of experiments specifically aimed at improving physics understanding of selected topics relevant to the "NEXT STEP". The new facilities include beryllium antenna screens, a prototype lower hybrid current drive system, and modification of the NI system to enable the injection of He-3 and He-4. Continued investigation of the hot-ion H-mode produced a value of n(D)(0)tau-E(T)(i)(0) = 9 x 10(20)m-3s keV, which is near conditions required for Q(DT) = 1, while a new peaked density profile H-mode was developed with only slightly lower performance. Progress towards steady state operation has been made by achieving ELMy H-modes under certain operating conditions, while maintaining good tau-E values. Experimental simulation of He ash transport indicates effective removal of alpha-particles from the plasma core for both L and H mode plasmas. Detailed analyses of particle and energy transport have helped establish a firmer link between particle and energy transport, and have suggested a connection between reduced energy transport and reversed shear. Numerical and analytic studies of divertor physics carried out for the pumped divertor phase of JET have helped clarify the key parameters governing impurity retention, and an intensive model validation effort has begun. Experimental simulation of alpha-particle effects with beta-fast up to 8% have shown that the slowing down processes are classical, and have given no evidence of deleterious collective effects.

扫描式总压耙在高超声速推进风洞流场测量中的应用

在风洞实验中,为了保证实验结果的可靠性,首先需要了解流场的品质.笔者自行设计研制了用于高超声速推进风洞流场测量的带有水冷装置的可移动式扫描总压耙.对于出口截面为300mm×187mm的风洞喷管,通过计算机程序控制,可在3s时间内实现全截面间歇式或连续式扫描,最大移动速度可达250mm/s,而且定位准确.通过扫描结果,分析了流场压力均匀性、稳定性以及实验结果的可重复性,同时还给出了风洞喷管出口截面的总压与马赫数等值线图.从而为超燃冲压模型发动机实验提供参考数据.

Self-photopumped neonlike x-ray laser

We propose a new x-ray laser mechanism that uses radiation from the strongest 3d --> 2p Ne-like resonance line in an optically thick plasma to radiatively drive population from the Ne-like ground state to the 3d state, which then lases to two 3p states. Collisional mixing of the 3p states with nearby 3s and 3d states depopulates the lower laser states. Modeling is presented for this mechanism in Ne-like Ar, and in experiments we observe one potential 3d --> 3p lasing transition at 45.1 nm in Ne-like Ar. (C) 1996 Optical Society of America

Dynamic phase-mapping of domain nucleation on MgO : LiNbO3 crystal by digital holographic interferometry

The quantitative phase-mapping of the domain nucleation in MgO:LiNbO3 crystals is presented by using the digital holographic interferometry. An unexpected peak phase at the beginning of the domain nucleation is observed and it is lowered as the spreading of the domain nucleus. The existence of the nucleus changes the moving speed of the domain wall by pinning it for 3s. Such in-situ quantitative analysis of the domain nucleation process is a key to optimizing domain structure fabrication.

鹿角蕨化学成分及生物活性的研究

鹿角蕨(Platycerium wallichii Hook.)是鹿角蕨科鹿角蕨属植物，为国家二级保护植物。该植物主要分布在云南西南部盈江县那邦坝，在当地用作跌打药。有关鹿角蕨属的系统关系存在一些假设，关于鹿角蕨属植物化学成分及生物活性的研究未见报道。从鹿角蕨（Platycerium wallichii Hook.）叶95%乙醇提取物中，我们分离得到了七个已知化合物。根据理化常数及波谱数据 (IR、UV、MS及NMR)，其结构分别鉴定为：(I)β一谷甾醇、(II)胡萝卜甙、 (III)2-propenoic acid,3一[(2R, 3S)-2，3-dihydro-2- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) -3- (hydroxymethyl) -7-mnethoxy-5-benzofuranyll -、(Ⅳ)松脂素-4’-0-β -D-葡萄糖甙、(v)松腊素、(Ⅵ)2，5_二羟基苯甲酸甲酯、(Ⅶ)槲皮素3-0-β -半乳糖甙。七个成分均为首次从该种植物中获得。 我们对鹿角蕨(Platvcerium wallichii Hook.)能育叶部分以及基生叶部分的乙醇提取物进行了镇痛试验和抗炎试验，试验表明鹿角蕨（Platvcerium wallichii Hook.）的叶有弱镇痛作用。

Rapid quantification of total microcystins in cyanobacterial samples by periodate-permanganate oxidation and reversed-phase liquid chromatography

Microcystins (MCs) comprise a family of more than 80 related cyclic hepatotoxic heptapeptides. Oxidation of MCs causes cleavage of the chemically unique C-20 beta-amino acid (2S, 3S, 8S, 9S)-3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4,6-dienoic acid (Adda) amino to form 2-methyl-3-methoxy-4-phenylbutanoic acid (MMPB), which has been exploited to enable analysis of the entire family. In the present study, the reaction conditions (e.g. concentration of the reactants. temperature and pH) used in the production of MMPB by oxidation of cyanobacterial samples with permanganate-periodate were optimized through a series of well-controlled batch experiments. The oxidation product (MMPB) was then directly analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. The results of this study provided insight into the influence of reaction conditions on the yield of MMPB. Specifically, the optimal conditions, including a high dose of permanganate (>= 50 mM) in saturated periodate solution at ambient temperature under alkaline conditions (pH similar to 9) over 1-4 h were proposed, as indicated by a MMPB yield of greater than 85%. The technique developed here was applied to determine the total concentration of MCs in cyanobacterial bloom samples, and indicated that the MMPB technique was a highly sensitive and accurate method of quantifying total MCs. Additionally, these results will aid in development of a highly effective analytical method for detection of MMPB as an oxidation product for evaluation of total MCs in a wide range of environmental sample matrices, including natural waters, soils (sediments) and animal tissues. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Kinetic study of the 2-methyl-3-methoxy-4-phenylbutanoic acid produced by oxidation of microcystin in aqueous solutions

Microcystins (MCs) are a family of related cyclic hepatotoxic heptapeptides, of which more than 70 types have been identified. The chemically unique nature of the C20 beta-amino acid, (2S, 3S, 8S, 9S)-3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca4,6-dienoic acid (Adda), portion of the MCs has been exploited to develop a strategy to analyze the entirety. Oxidation of MCs causes the cleavage of MC Adda to form 2-methyl-3-methoxy-4-phenylbutanoic acid (MMPB). In the present study, we investigated the kinetics of MMPB produced by oxidation of the most-often-studied MC variant, MC-LR (L = leucine, R = arginine), with permanganate-periodate. This investigation allowed insight regarding the influence of the reaction conditions (concentration of the reactants, temperature, and pH) on the conversion rate. The results indicated that the reaction was second order overall and first order with respect to both permanganate and MC-LR. The second-order rate constant ranged from 0.66 to 1.35 M/s at temperatures from 10 to 30 degrees C, and the activation energy was 24.44 kJ/mol. The rates of MMPB production can be accelerated through increasing reaction temperature and oxidant concentration, and sufficient periodate is necessary for the formation of MMPB. The initial reaction rate under alkaline and neutral conditions is higher than that under acidic conditions, but the former decreases faster than the latter except under weakly acidic conditions. These results provided new insight concerning selection of the permanganate-periodate concentration, pH, and temperature needed for the oxidation of MCs with a high and stable yield of MMPB.

含二茂铁聚苯胺德合成及电－磁性能研究

本论文将二茂铁基团引入聚苯胺链，合成导电或导磁聚苯胺。取得的主要结果如下： 1、合成了抗磁性的二茂铁单磺酸并用于掺杂聚苯胺，掺杂态聚苯胺的电导率可达2.34´10-1 S/cm，二茂铁单磺酸氧化后掺杂聚苯胺的电子顺磁共振(EPR)上出现了g» 4的新信号。二茂铁单磺酸被FeCl3氧化后，随氧化程度的增加，室温电导率下降1-2个数量级，但材料的磁化率增加，表现出宏观反铁磁性。用I2氧化二茂铁单磺酸掺杂的聚苯胺，其电导率为4.50´10-2 S/cm，在低温下具有铁磁性耦合，外斯温度为15 K。 2、合成了两种草酸根桥联的双金属阴离子与导电聚苯胺的杂化材料。杂化材料同时具有反铁磁性和导电性，外斯温度分别为-19.16 K和-22.10 K，电导率分别为4.8×10-3S/cm和1.2×10-5S/cm。 3、合成了聚邻、间位二茂铁苯胺。可溶的聚邻二茂铁苯胺显示铁磁性，外斯温度为25 K，饱和磁强度为6.89 emu/g。与碘或四氰基对苯醌二甲烷（TCNQ）反应所得配合物的外斯温度分别提高到50 K和104 K，饱和磁强度分别为6.51 emu/g 和4.36 emu/g，在低温下观察到了反铁磁性耦合。难溶的聚间二茂铁苯胺显示宏观抗磁性。 关键词：二茂铁单磺酸，导电导磁性聚苯胺，聚邻二茂铁苯胺，铁磁性耦合