Seasonal precipitation in the south-central Helan Mountain region, China, reconstructed from tree-ring width for the past 224 years

IEECAS SKLLQG

氮化钛沉积膜的摩擦性能研究

采用等离子电弧沉积法在9Cr18钢表面制备了厚约0.5 μm的TiN薄膜，通过显微硬度测试以及纳米压痕和纳米划痕试验，对比考察了9Cr18钢及其表面TiN薄膜的机械和摩擦性能。结果表明，9Cr18钢及其表面TiN沉积膜的纳米硬度分别为8GPa和38GPa，弹性模量分别为250GPa和580 GPa，9Cr18、TiN和有机薄膜的摩擦系数分别为0.40、0.12和、0.10；TiN沉积膜可显著提高基体钢的承载和耐磨能力。

Pool Boiling In Microgravity: Recent Results And Perspectives For The Project Depa-Sj10

Two research projects on pool boiling in microgravity have been conducted aboard the Chinese recoverable satellites. Ground-based experiments have also been performed both in normal gravity and in short-term microgravity in the Drop Tower Beijing. Steady boiling of R113 on thin platinum wires was studied with a temperature-controlled heating method, while quasi-steady boiling of FC-72 on a plane plate was investigated with an exponentially increasing heating voltage. In the first case, slight enhancement of heat transfer is observed in microgravity, while diminution is evident for high heat flux in the second one. Lateral motions of bubbles on the heaters are observed before their departure in microgravity. The surface oscillation of the merged bubbles due to lateral coalescence between adjacent bubbles drives it to detach from the heaters. The Marangoni effect on the bubble behavior is also discussed. The perspectives for a new project DEPA-SJ10, which has been planned to be flown aboard the Chinese recoverable satellite SJ-10 in the future, are also presented.

Regularity of strain distribution in short-fiber/whisker reinforced composites

Based on studies on the strain distribution in short-fiber/whisker reinforced metal matrix composites, a deformation characteristic parameter, lambda is defined as a ratio of root-mean-square strain of the reinforcers identically oriented to the macro-linear strain along the same direction. Quantitative relation between lambda and microstructure parameters of composites is obtained. By using lambda, the stiffness moduli of composites with arbitrary reinforcer orientation density function and under arbitrary loading condition are derived. The upper-bound and lower-bound of the present prediction are the same as those from the equal-strain theory and equal-stress theory, respectively. The present theory provides a physical explanation and theoretical base for the present commonly-used empirical formulae. Compared with the microscopic mechanical theories, the present theory is competent for stiffness modulus prediction of practical engineering composites in accuracy and simplicity.

旋转流体侵入型异重流实验研究

文中介绍了对旋转系统中侵入型异重流特征的若干实验室观察结果,在Coriolis力作用下,异重流取沿岸(壁)流形式,其宽度与其Rossby变形半径成比例,在实验的参数范围内,这种沿岸流均为不稳定的,在其演化过程中产生出气旋——反气旋涡对,乃至与岸壁分离与再附的大弯曲,本文还初步考察了波长、相对厚度与Frou de数之间的关系。

超载对疲劳寿命影响的试验研究

超载对疲劳寿命的影响是航空研究中的一个重要问题。本文通过试验初步探讨了机械超载对疲劳寿命的影响,包括超载对疲劳裂纹形成寿命、疲劳裂纹扩展寿命、疲劳累积损伤以及裂纹扩展迟滞效应的影响。并用X射线应力分析仪测量了超载引起的残余应力。用残余应力的观点解释了超载对疲劳寿命的影响。

旋转是怎样使液体星分裂的——重评“金斯-达尔文双星分裂理论”

<正> 宇宙万物都在旋转,人类藉以生存的地球就有自旋,进动和公转,它一面自转、一面又和其他行星一起绕太阳公转,整个太阳系一面自转,一面又随银河系在宇宙空间中旋转,所有天体和天体系统都在旋转,天体的旋转是怎样开始的,又怎样演化?旋转到底在天体演化过程中起了什么作用?

力学测量方法及其进展

力学测量方法是解决复杂力学问题的重要手段,也是一门自成体系的学科。《力学测量方法及其进展》一文介绍了这门学科的任务,以及力学测量方法的种类、进展和展望。

Shock-induced two-phase flows in an aligned baffle system filled with suspended particles

This paper describes the shock propagation through a dilute gas-particle suspension in an aligned baffle system. Numerical solution to two-phase flows induced by a planar shock wave is given based on the two-continuum model with interphase coupling. The governing equations are numerically solved by using high-resolution schemes. The computational results show the shock reflection and diffraction patterns, and the shock-induced flow fields in the 4-baffle system filled with the dusty gas.

A new N-body potential and its application

Based on the embedded atom method (EAM) proposed by Daw and Baskes and Johnson's model, this paper constructs a new N-body potential for bcc crystal Mo. The procedure of constructing the new N-body potential can be applied to other metals. The dislocation emission from a crack tip has been simulated successfully using molecular dynamics method, the result is in good agreement with the elastic solution.

The influence of fluctuation fields on the force-free field .2. The local expansion

In Paper I (Hu, 1982), we discussed the the influence of fluctuation fields on the force-free field for the case of conventional turbulence and demonstrated the general relationships. In the present paper, by using the approach of local expansion, the equation of average force-free field is obtained as (1+b)×B 0=(#x002B;a)B 0#x002B;a (1)×B 0#x002B;K. The average coefficientsa,a (1),b, andK show the influence of the fluctuation fields in small scale on the configurations of magnetic field in large scale. As the average magnetic field is no longer parallel to the average electric current, the average configurations of force-free fields are more general and complex than the usual ones. From the view point of physics, the energy and momentum of the turbulent structures should have influence on the equilibrium of the average fields. Several examples are discussed, and they show the basic features of the fluctuation fields and the influence of fluctuation fields on the average configurations of magnetic fields. The astrophysical environments are often in the turbulent state, the results of the present paper may be applied to the turbulent plasma where the magnetic field is strong.

一个基于非均匀网格上的二阶基本无振荡差分格式

在基本无振荡格式的构造中,将通常的对流通量f的逼近方式推广到对通量导数的逼近,这一构造方法可以有效地应用到非均匀或非结构网格.直接基于非均匀网格上,构造了一个二阶的基本无振荡(ENO)差分格式.该格式具有形式简单,对网格的划分灵活,与传统格式相比不增加计算量等优点.几个数值算例证明了格式的有效性.