壁面凹腔强化H2超声速燃烧的数值模拟

为了分析凹腔火焰稳定器强化H2超声速燃烧的流动特性,运用数值模拟方法研究了凹腔对超声速燃烧室性能的作用规律.结果表明:凹腔的火焰稳定机制主要在于富含自由基的高温回流区,燃烧室结构设计采用凹腔火焰稳定器能够起到稳定燃烧和增强混合的作用;与直通道燃烧室相比,凹腔燃烧室尽管总压损失较大,但可以获得较好的混合和燃烧性能.

颗粒级配和结构对粉砂力学性质的影响

分析了几组原状、重塑和配制土样的静三轴试验结果,认为颗粒级配和结构性是影响粉砂应力-应变关系和强度特性的两个主要因素.当颗粒级配不同时,结构性原状粉砂土样和不具有结构性的配制土的强度均不同.相同颗粒级配的原状和重塑粉砂的强度也不同.而颗粒级配稍有不同的一种配制粉砂与原状粉砂在应力-应变关系和强度特性方面相接近.此种配制粉砂可替代原状粉砂做为模型试验用土.

NaClO_3晶体生长过程光学诊断与数值模拟

运用光学干涉诊断方法实时观测NaClO3晶体生长过程,得到晶体生长过程中溶液浓度,晶体尺寸等物理参量.将这些参量与数值模拟得到的结果进行比对,研究重力条件下NaClO3晶体溶液生长过程中速度场、浓度场的分布与演化,尝试提出符合实际情况的晶体生长理论模型.对比两种方法得到的浓度边界层厚度,数值模拟得到了与实验数据相一致的结论.

Strong visible up-conversion emission in Tb3+, Tm3+ and Tb3+-Tm3+ co-doped tellurite glasses sensitized by Yb3+

Up-conversion luminescence characteristics under 975 nm excitation have been investigated with Tb3+/Tm3+/Yb3+ triply doped tellurite glasses. Here, green (547 nm: D-5(4) --> F-7(4)) and red (660 nm: D-5(4) --> F-7(2)) up-conversion (UC) luminescence originating from Tb3+ is observed strongly, because of the quadratic dependences of emission intensities on the excitation power. Especially, the UC luminescence was intensified violently with the energy transfer from the Tm3+ ions involves in the Tb3+ excitation. To the Tb3+/Tm3+/Yb3+ triply doped glass system, a novel up-conversion mechanism is proposed as follows: the energy of (3)G(4) level (Tm3+) was transferred to D-5(4) (Tb3+) and the 477-nm UC luminescence of Tm3+ was nearly quenched. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Nd：GGG激光晶体热容工作下的热致效应与冷却特性数值模拟

基于对称双侧激光二极管（LD）抽运Nd：GGG（掺钕钆镓石榴石）激光晶体板条，从热传导基本方程出发，以废热等效于内热源模型为前提，利用有限元分析软件ANSYS对Nd：GGG板条在热容工作下的瞬态温度场及应力场进行了数值模拟，分析了在不同边界条件下温度和应力随时间和空间的变化特性及其热致变形。计算结果表明：在激光发射阶段，边界非绝热使得板条在垂直光轴方向产生温度梯度，由此产生的折射率梯度和应力梯度导致距离光轴最远的板条边缘和光轴处产生约0．2μm的变形量。同时模拟了冷却阶段空气对流冷却、水循环冷却及喷雾冷却

Synthesis, spectral, and thermal characterizations of Ni(II) and Cu(II) beta-diketone complexes with thenoyltrifluoroacetone ligand

Two kinds of nickel(II) and copper(II) P-diketone complexes derived from thenoyltrifluoroacetone ligand with blue-violet light absorption were synthesized by reacting free ligand and different metal(II) ions in sodium methoxide solution. Their structures were postulated based on elemental analysis, ESI-MS, FT-IR spectra and UV-vis electronic absorption spectra. Smooth films on K9 glass substrates were prepared using the spin-coating method. Their solubility in organic solvents, absorption properties of thin film and thermal stability of these complexes were evaluated. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Effects of Yb concentration on the spectroscopic properties of Yb : Y3Al5O12

Yb:YAG single crystals with Yb doping concentration 5.4, 16.3, 27.1, 53.6, and 100 at.% were grown by the Czochralski process. The effects of Yb concentration on the absorption spectra (190-1 100nm), fluorescence spectra under 940nm and X-ray excitation were studied. The concentration quenching of fluorescence was observed when the Yb doping concentration reaches to as high as 27.1 at.% for Yb:YAG. Under 940 nm excitation, the influence of the self-absorption at 969 and 1029 nrn on the fluorescence spectra is not evident when the Yb doping concentration is as high as 27.1 at.%. However, it can greatly change the shape of fluorescence spectra of Yb:YAG when the Yb doping concentration reaches to above 53.6 at.%. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Graded index 532HR/1064HT filter by glancing angle deposition

Glancing angle deposition is a novel method to prepare graded index coatings. By using this method and physical vapour deposition, ZrO2 is used to engineer graded index filter on BK7 glass substrate. Controlling the deposition rate and the periodic oscillation of oblique angle of deposited material, a 10-period graded index ZrO2 filter with high reflection near 532 nm and high transmittance at wavelength 1064 nm is fabricated. The causes of difference between the theoretical and experimental results are discussed in detail. The material properties and electron gun nonlinearity are possibly the main origins of the difference, which result in the variations in both thickness control and deposition rate of the Elm material.

Surface plasmon resonance transmission filters at 1053 nm based on metallic grating with narrow slit

Metallic gratings with narrow slits can lead to special optical properties such as strongly enhancing the transmission and considerably strengthening the polarized effect. A narrow-band filter suitable for application in optical communication is designed by sandwiching a metallic grating between two identical dielectric films. The maximum transmission can reach 96% after optimizing the parameters of films and grating at a central wavelength of 1053 nm. It is the first time, to our knowledge, that such high transmission has been reported since the discovery of the extraordinarily high transmission through periodic holes or slits; moreover, the extremely polarized effect is also found in P mode of this symmetric grating.

气体信号分子一氧化氮和乙烯的生物学功能：一氧化氮在植物盐胁迫中的作用和乙烯激活钙离子通道

一氧化氮（NO）是重要的植物信号分子，参与许多植物生理过程。以拟南芥野生型和Atnoa1突变体为材料研究了NO在植物抗盐胁迫中的作用。 T-DNA插入AtNOA1基因的第一个外显子，使Atnoa1突变体中NOS活性大幅度下降，NO释放减少。用不同浓度的NaCl对拟南芥野生型和Atnoa1突变体进行盐胁迫处理后，Atnoa1突变体中Na+离子积累较野生型多，K+离子吸收较野生型少，从而使突变体中的Na+/K+比野生型高，对突变体造成了更大的伤害。Atnoa1突变体种子萌发和幼苗生长对盐胁迫更敏感。盐胁迫处理后，Atnoa1突变体的存活率比野生型低。无论是在正常生长条件下，还是盐胁迫条件下，Atnoa1突变体中的H2O2和TBARS含量都比野生型中高，说明Atnoa1突变体对盐胁迫和氧化胁迫都比野生型更敏感。用NOS抑制剂和NO清除剂处理拟南芥野生型，减少内源NO释放量，使其在盐胁迫条件下的Na+/K+比增高。盐胁迫处理降低了野生型体内的NOS活性，减少了NOA1蛋白的表达，DAF-2DA标记的NO荧光强度减弱。用NO供体SNP处理Atnoa1突变体，可以减少盐胁迫引起的Na+/K+比增加。以上研究结果证明NOS介导的NO合成在植物抗盐胁迫中起重要作用。 乙烯作为一种植物气体激素参与植物生长发育的许多生理生化过程。植物细胞自由钙离子（[Ca2+]c）是重要信号分子，在植物应答外界信号中起非常重要的作用。外界信号通过开启植物细胞质膜的钙离子通道，使得胞外钙离子进入细胞，导致瞬间[Ca2+]c的增加，激活钙依赖型的蛋白和蛋白激酶，从而改变生理生化过程。本研究利用膜片钳和激光共聚焦显微技术，研究了外源乙烯对烟草悬浮细胞质膜Ca2+离子通道和细胞中[Ca2+]c活性的影响。乙烯供体乙烯利和乙烯合成前体ACC能够迅速诱导内向型电流，表明这些处理能开启离子通道。通过离子替代实验和离子通道的药理学分析证实乙烯利和ACC激活了一种对Ba2+, Mg2+和Ca2+等阳离子具有通透性的离子通道，La3+、Gd3+和Al3+抑制该通道的活性。乙烯受体拮抗物（1-MPP）和ACC合成酶抑制剂，能够减弱乙烯利和ACC对这种通道的活化作用，说明乙烯利和ACC是通过乙烯活化此类Ca2+离子通道。用Ca2+敏感的荧光标记物Fluo-3标记，通过激光共聚焦显微观察，发现乙烯利能够诱导烟草悬浮细胞中[Ca2+]c离子浓度的增加，而且Gd3+和BAPTA显著抑制乙烯利诱导的细胞中[Ca2+]c离子的增加。说明外源Ca2+离子通过质膜上被激活的Ca2+离子通道进入细胞，使细胞中[Ca2+]c离子浓度增加。以上结果说明，乙烯活化质膜上的Ca2+离子通道，使细胞外Ca2+离子进入细胞，导致细胞中[Ca2+]c离子浓度增加，是乙烯信号转导途径的重要步骤。