11 resultados para 3272
em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal
Resumo:
<正> 激光沉积陶瓷薄膜是获取高技术薄膜(如超导薄膜)的新方法。激光诱导的材料蒸汽羽的光谱分析对形成薄膜性质的判断和激光与材料相互作用机理的研究都具有重要意义。为分析简单起见,我们用石墨作为靶材,用YAG激光器、真空室和OMA系统实现了不同能流密度条件下蒸汽羽的时/空分辨的光谱分析,得到如下的结果:
Resumo:
IN this paper, the engraving process with Q-Switched Nd:YAG laser is investigated. High power density is the pre- requisition to vapor materials, and high repetition rate makes the engraving process highly efficient. An acousto- optic Q-Switch is applied in the cavity of CW 200 W Nd:YAG laser to achieve the high peak power density and the high pulse repetition rate. Different shape craters are formed in a patterned structure on the material surface when the laser beam irradiates on it by controlling power density, pulse repetition rate, pulse quantity and pulse interval. In addition, assisting oxygen gas is used for not only improving combustion to deepen the craters but also removing the plasma that generated on the top of craters. Off-focus length classified as negative and positive has a substantial effect on crater diameters. According to the message of rotating angle positions from material to be engraved and the information of graph pixels from computer, a special graph is imparted to the material by integrating the Q- Switched Nd:YAG laser with the computer graph manipulation and the numerically controlled worktable. The crater diameter depends on laser beam divergence and laser focal length. The crater diameter changes from 50 micrometers to 300 micrometers , and the maximum of crater depth reaches one millimeter.
Resumo:
Red-shift conical emission (CE) is observed by femtosecond laser pulse propagating in BK7 at a low input power (compared to those input powers for generation of blue-shift CE). With the increasing input power the blue-shift CE begins to appear whereas the red-shift CE ring (902 nm in our experiment) disappears accompanied by the augment of the central white spot size synchronously. The disappearing of red-shift CE in our experiment is explained such that the increase of axial intensity is much higher than that of ring emission and the augment of the central white spot size with the increasing input laser power.
Resumo:
Based on the interferential theory, we deduce a new type of analytic expression suitable for describing the evolutions of the optical bottle beam generated from the axicon-lens optical system illuminated by the Gaussian beam for the first time. The theory does not use much approximation in the process of mathematical analysis and can better illustrate the optical bottle beam evolutions at any positions. With the derived expression, the three-dimensional (3D) longitudinal and transverse intensity profiles of the optical bottle beam are simulated numerically. The numerical calculations have been confirmed by the experimental results.
Resumo:
本实验结果表明,野生鳜和乌鳢的干物质含量、蛋白质含量、脂肪含量和能值均随体重的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),野生鳜灰分含量亦随体重的增加而显著增加(P<0.05),但野生乌鳢灰分含量与体重关系的回归方程则不显著(P>0.05);实验鳜和乌鳢干物质含量、脂肪含量和能值均随摄食水平的增加而显著增加(P>0.05),实验鳜蛋白质含量和灰分含量与摄食水平关系的回归方程不显著(P<0.05),实验乌鳢蛋白质含量随摄食水平的增加而显著增加(P>0.05),灰分含量随摄食水平的增加而显著减小(P>0.05)。尽管不同
Resumo:
基因网络相关的研究是生物信息学的重要研究领域.基因电路方法是目前基因网络研究的一种重要方法,本文从以下角度介绍基因电路研究的进展情况及相关研究成果;构成基因电路的基本模块;基因电路的设计与实现;人工基因电路的应用.
Resumo:
本书从生物质的基本特性入手,全面系统地阐述了生物质的基本概念、特征,气化技术的基本原理,气化设备、净化设备的基本工作原理及使用条件,以及生物质气化技术的具体应用情况,还对典型案例进行了介绍和分析。另外又重点分析了生物质气化技术的经济性。全书内容翔实、丰富,将理论联系研究成果,突出实践性,具有较强的实用性。 本书可做生物质气化专业及相关专业教学参考用书,也可供从事生物质气化工作或相关工作的技术人员、研究人员参考用书。
Resumo:
该书分析了加入WTO对整个经济、分部门经济等的影响;利用分省时间序列数据专门研究公共投资在经济增长和反贫困中的作用等内容。
Resumo:
A series of novel sulfonated poly(arylene-co-binaphthalimide)s (SPPIs) were successfully synthesized via Ni(0) catalytic coupling of sodium 3-(2,5-dichlorobenzoyl)benzenesulfonate and bis(chloronaphthalimide)s. Bis(chloronaphthalimide)s were conveniently prepared from 5-chloro-1,8-naphthalic anhydride and various diamines. Tough and transparent SPPI membranes were prepared and the electrolyte properties of the copolymers were intensively investigated as were the effects of different diamine structures on the copolymer characterisitics. The copolymer membrane Ia-80, with an ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 2.50 meq g(-1), displayed a higher proton conductivity, i.e. 0.135 S cm(-1) at 20 degrees C, as compared to Nafion 117 (0.09 S cm(-1), 20 degrees C).
Resumo:
作为自然界最常见、可开发的矿物之一,硫化物矿物通常具有半导体性质,在溶液的作用下,必然发生原电池腐蚀。硫化物矿物原电池效应广泛存在并影响湿法冶金(如磨矿、浮选和浸出)、次生硫化物矿物过程、地电化学勘探、重金属离子污染和酸性矿山排水污染和治理等方面。 以前对硫化物矿物腐蚀研究多见于静止的溶液体系,少见于流动溶液体系,而实际情况是硫化物矿物经常处于流动溶液体系中。以矿山环境为例,硫化物矿物经常处于流动的地表水,地下水和雨水淋漓的环境体系中。因此,在流动体系中进行硫化物矿物原电池腐蚀实验研究,无疑对矿山环境治理有着直接的指导作用。另一方面,以前对于硫化物矿物原电池腐蚀的研究多是在无应力作用的条件下进行的,而事实上,无论是人类在开采利用硫化物矿物资源上,还是硫化物矿物本身在自然界的演化进程中,应力作用无时不在,无处不有。硫化物矿物应力原电池也无时不在,无处不有。应力作用下,应变能转化为电化学能,从而改变硫化物矿物的电极电位,必将进一步对硫化物矿物的原电池腐蚀产生重要影响。考察应力作用下的硫化物矿物原电池腐蚀,一方面可以为硫化物矿物的湿法冶金提供实验依据;另一方面,它将为硫化物矿物的元素活化、迁移、浓集和定位等各种地球化学作用解释提供理论指导。 鉴于硫化物矿物原电池腐蚀实验研究的重要意义以及前人对硫化物矿物原电池腐蚀研究在流动体系和应力作用等领域的研究空白,本论文展开了对上述领域的原电池腐蚀实验研究。 在本工作中,我们设计了一套用于溶液静止和溶液流动条件下的硫化物矿物原电池腐蚀实验装置。在流动条件下,对处在不同溶液组分(Na+、Cu2+、Fe3+)、浓度和流速的黄铁矿-黄铜矿、黄铁矿-方铅矿及应力残余黄铁矿-方铅矿原电池腐蚀进行了实验研究;设计了一套用于溶液静止条件下的硫化物矿物应力原电池腐蚀实验装置。展开了在不同溶液组分(Na+、Fe3+)及弹性轴压应力条件黄铁矿和黄铜矿腐蚀电位下的Tafel曲线及交流阻抗谱实验;在不同溶液组分(Na+、Fe3+)及差应力条件下黄铁矿-黄铜矿原电池混合电位下的Tafel曲线及交流阻抗谱实验。 实验结果表明: (1) 溶液中惰性离子(Na+)浓度的改变对原电池腐蚀电流密度和混合电位无明显影响;溶液中氧化性离子(Cu2+、Fe3+)浓度增大,原电池的腐蚀电流密度和混合电位增大。但是,当黄铁矿-黄铜矿原电池中氧化性离子为Cu2+时,增大Cu2+浓度,腐蚀电流密度先增大后减小,最后增大。 (2) 本实验条件下,溶液流速越大,腐蚀电流密度越大,混合电位增大。 (3) 应力残余黄铁矿由于残余应变能的缘故,其电极电位比处在相同条件的溶液下的方铅矿电极电位更低,应力残余黄铁矿-方铅矿原电池腐蚀情况与无应力的黄铁矿-方铅矿原电池腐蚀情况不同。 (4) 弹性轴压应力下,黄铁矿、黄铜矿电极电位和弹性轴压应力呈较好的负线性关系;黄铁矿、黄铜矿弹性轴压应力越大,腐蚀电位越小,腐蚀电流密度越大;电化学阻抗谱测试等效电路拟合的电极电荷传递电阻越小,极化电阻越小,双电层的离子迁移电阻越小,弥散效应越严重。 (5) 差应力作用下的黄铁矿-黄铜矿原电池腐蚀: 黄铜矿阳极弹性轴压应力越大,腐蚀电位越小,腐蚀电流密度越大;电化学阻抗谱测试等效电路拟合的电极电荷传递电阻越小,极化电阻越小,双电层的离子迁移电阻越小,弥散效应越严重。 黄铁矿阴极弹性轴压应力越大,腐蚀电位越大,腐蚀电流密度越小;电化学阻抗谱测试等效电路拟合的反应电阻越大,极化电阻越大,双电层的离子迁移电阻越大,弥散效应越轻微。 上述流动体系下的硫化物矿物原电池腐蚀结果可用Butler-Volmer方程结合原电池模型和双电层结构很好地解释;应力原电池腐蚀结果可用硫化物矿物半导体的热力学势、电化学势、力学应变能、结合原电池模型和双电层结构很好地解释。