209 resultados para 316.853

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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Near threshold, mixed mode (I and II), fatigue crack growth occurs mainly by two mechanisms, coplanar (or shear) mode and branch (or tensile) mode. For a constant ratio of ΔKIKII the shear mode growth shows a self-arrest character and it would only start again when ΔKI and ΔKII are increased. Both shear crack growth and the early stages of tensile crack growth, are of a crystallographic nature; the fatigue crack proceeds along slip planes or grain boundaries. The appearance of the fracture surfaces suggest that the mechanism of crack extension is by developing slip band microcracks which join up to form a macrocrack. This process is thought to be assisted by the nature of the plastic deformation within the reversed plastic zone where high back stresses are set up by dislocation pile-ups against grain boundaries. The interaction of the crack tip stress field with that of the dislocation pile-ups leads to the formation of slip band microcracks and subsequent crack extension. The change from shear mode to tensile mode growth probably occurs when the maximum tensile stress and the microcrack density in the maximum tensile plane direction attain critical values.

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基于Oliver与Pharr方法的纳米压痕实验以其简单方便获得广泛的应用,但众多因素对压痕实验结果的影响范围并无明确的结论.其中压痕接触面积的确定是一个重要环节,该因素对实验结果,特别是小深度下的实验结果具有重要影响.仔细分析了Oliver与Pharr方法并进行了几种材料的纳米压痕实验,针对该方法在接触深度确定、不同深度范围下方法的适用性进行了说明.分析结果表明,对所有的材料使用统一的面积公式,只有在大压痕深度时才是适用的,而在小压痕深度时可能带来较大的误差.因此,应慎重使用由Oliver与Pharr方法得到的小压痕深度的硬度数据.

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<正> ~~

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本文对反应烧结氦化硅 Si_3N_4陶瓷的断裂韧性进行实验研究,用三种不同试件进行了测试,这三种试件是:山形切口双悬臂粱试件,山形切口三点弯曲梁试件和直穿透切口三点弯曲梁试件.用有限元方法分析了直穿透切口三点弯曲梁切口宽度对应力强度因子的影响,结合断裂载荷测定值估算了材料的断裂韧性值,指出直切口无预制裂纹试件的测定值必须用有限元法进行修正才能得到正确结果.

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<正> 我们考虑非定线性方程组:Ax=b。 定理1 线性迭代法x~(k+1)=Sx~k+d,k=1,2,…对任意初值x~0都收敛的充要条件是: (1) x=Sx+d有解。

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本文讨论了电子回旋波加热托卡马克等离子体问题,指出在考虑波加热时,除了要计算寻常波和非常波在等离子体内部的吸收效率外,还应计算入射电磁波从真空投射到磁化等离子休表面时,在边界处分裂成寻常波和非常波的能量分配。 数值计算结果表明,在入射角θ_i较小的情况下,当入射波的电场E~i平行入射平面时,入射波的能量主要转移为寻常波的能量,此时,寻常波的加热是有效的.当E~i垂直入射平面时,入射波的能量主要转移为非常波的能量,此时非常波的加热才是有效的。

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本文扼要介绍了E8410冲击波肾碎石机工作原理和主要特性。动物实验采用人肾石标本植入法制备18只狗肾石模型,冲击治疗均获成功,动物健康存活。系统医学安全试验证明冲击治疗安全可靠。临床前实验报告了心电防护、提高冲击命中率的措施和正常人受试情况。

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<正> 1979年,日本宇航研究所的Hirano发表了一篇纤维增强层合板铺层角度优化的研究论文。他把与x轴成α_k和—α_k(k表示某一层)方向所铺设的纤维同种、数目相等、基体同一的一个层片定义为一个单层。各个单层之间可以不完全满足单层所定义的条件,这样就考虑到了由N个单层迭合起来的层合板沿厚度方向异质的情况。同时,他还限定各个单层厚度是相等的。每个单层可以取任意的角度。给出层合板的层数,寻求一组铺层角度——各个单层的角度,使临界载荷值最大。由于与迭代起始值有关,他一般是给出8种起始值,然后再从8组结果中挑选临界载荷最大者为最优铺层角度。

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<正> 无力场概念常用以描述局部的强磁场区域,强磁场的演变所对应的动力学过程在天体物理中有广泛的应用。例如,磁场的扭绞、剪切以及挤压等都可与太阳活动密切相关。运动学无力场的方程组为

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Unsteady and two-dimensional numerical simulation is applied to study the transition process from steady convection to turbulence via subharmonic bifurcation in thermocapillary convection of a liquid bridge in the half-floating zone. The results of numerical tests show clearly the fractal structure of period-doubling bifurcations, and frequency-locking at f/4, f/8, f/16 with basic frequency f is observed with increasing temperature difference. The Feigenbaum universal constant is given by the present paper as delta(4) = 4.853, which can be compared with the theoretical value 4.6642016.

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A series of experiments have been conducted on cruciform specimens to investigate fatigue crack growth from circular notches under high levels of biaxial stress. Two stress levels (Δσ1= 380 and 560 MPa) and five stress biaxialities (λ=+1.0, +0.5, 0, −0.5 and −1.0; where λ=σ21 were adopted in the fatigue tests in type 316 stainless steel having a monotonic yield strength of 243 MPa. The results reveal that fatigue crack growth rates are markedly influenced by both the stress amplitude and the stress biaxiality. A modified model has been developed to describe fatigue crack growth under high levels of biaxial stress.

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2006年6月5—9日,第十四届国际材料强度大会(14th International Conferenceon the Strength of Materials,IC-SMA14)在西安古都新世界大酒店举行,会议正式代表322人(其中境外代表200多人),这是该系列国际材料强度大会第一次在中国举办.大会由中国国家自然科学基金委员会、国家教育部、中国材料研究学会、西安交通大学、中国科学院沈阳金属研究所和西安市科技局等单位共同支持.大会主席为J.L.Martin教授,会议组织委员会主席由西安交通大学的孙军教授与中国科学院金属研究所的李守新研究员共同担任.

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1999年,在我国实践5号卫星上完成了两层流体空间实验,实验研究两层不相混合流体的纯Marangoni对流(温度梯度与界面垂直)与热毛细对流(温度梯度方向与流体界面平行)。前者存在发生Marangoni对流的最小临界温差值ΔTc,低于该值流体系统处于静止状态;后者中只要存在沿界面的温度梯度便会产生热毛细对流。空间实验采用石蜡和氟化 液两层流体新体系,实现了平整的液-液交界面,并从卫星上传回上万幅数字图像 。通过多幅图像叠加处理得到了定量的流速场。数值模拟计算分析了相应工况时对流流动的速度场,两者的流场结构和速度大小基本一致,实验验证了理论模型。

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采用该实验室研制的强声波发生装置来产生交变应力场,研究了不同强度和频率的交变应力场作用后烟草细胞膜蛋白结构的变化。从细胞和分子水平研究交变应力对植物生长、发育的影响及其作用机制。