饱和砂土液化引起的变形研究

为了考察饱和砂土液化后的大变形及对海工结构物的影响,着重讨论了振动载荷作用下,荷幅值和频率以及土体渗透性对土体的变形的影响.为进一步分析土体变形和结构物的相互作用打下基础.

双光栅并联匹配解调技术的工程化研究

在分析和综合其他数据处理方案优缺点的基础上,提出了一种基于分区查表法的有效数据处理方案.该方案先确定待处理的电压商值在三段近似线性曲线上所属区域,再执行查表法将其和微应变量一一对应.这种处理方案不但解决了传统单匹配解调技术中的双值和可测试范围小的问题,而且提高了测试准确度.根据实验结果,采用普通的光纤光栅对,系统可传感的应变范围可达525 με,准确度可达±1 με.

ISOLATION AND PROPERTIES OF A BLOOD-COAGULATION FACTOR-X ACTIVATOR FROM THE VENOM OF KING COBRA (OPHIOPHAGUS HANNAH)

A specific blood coagulation factor X activator was purified from the venom of Ophiophagus hannah by gel filtration and two steps of FPLC Mono-Q column ion-exchange chromatography. It showed a single protein band both in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and alkaline polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The mol. wt was estimated to be 62,000 in non-reducing conditions and 64,500 in reducing conditions by SDS-PAGE. The isoelectric point was found to be pH 5.6. The enzyme had weak amidolytic activities toward CBS 65-25, but it showed no activities on S-2266, S-2302, thrombin substrate S-2238, plasmin substrate S-2251 or factor Xa substrate S-2222. It had no arginine esterase activity toward substrate benzoylarginine ethylester (BAEE). The enzyme activated factor X in vitro and the effect was absolutely Ca2+ dependent, with a Hill coefficient of 6.83. It could not activate prothrombin nor had any effect on fibrinogen and thus appeared to act specifically on factor X. The procoagulant activity of the enzyme was almost completely inhibited by serine protease inhibitors like PMSF, TPCK and soybean trypsin inhibitor; partially inhibited by L-cysteine. Metal chelator EDTA did not inhibit its procoagulant activity. These results suggest that the factor X activator from O. hannah venom is a serine protease.

AN ACTIVATOR OF BLOOD-COAGULATION FACTOR-X FROM THE VENOM OF BUNGARUS-FASCIATUS

A specific activator of blood coagulation factor X was purified from the venom of Bungarus fasciatus by gel filtration and by ion-exchange chromatography on a Mono-Q column (FPLC). It consisted of a single polypeptide chain, with a mel. wt of 70,000 in reducing and non-reducing conditions. The enzyme had an amidolytic activity towards the chromogenic substrates S-2266 and S-2302 but it did not hydrolyse S-2238, S2251 or S-2222, which are specific substrates for thrombin, plasmin and factor Xa, respectively. The enzyme activated factor X in vitro and the effect was Ca2+ dependent with a Hill coefficient of 7.9. As with physiological activators, the venom activator cleaves the heavy chain of factor X, producing the activated factor Xa alpha. The purified factor X activator from B. fasciatus venom did not activate prothrombin, nor did it cleave or clot purified fibrinogen. The amidolytic activity and the factor X activation activity of the factor X activator from B. fasciatus venom were readily inhibited by serine protease inhibitors such as diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP), phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), benzamidine and by soybean trypsin inhibitor but not by EDTA. These observations suggest that the factor X activator from B. fasciatus venom is a serine protease. It therefore differs from those of activators obtained from Vipera russelli and Bothrops atrox venoms, which are metalloproteinases.

香溪河水质空间分布特性研究

运用聚类分析和主成分分析对香溪河 19个样点水质的理化特性进行研究 .聚类分析表明 ,根据各采样点之间水质组分的相似性可将香溪河大致分为 3个河段 ,分别属于不同的亚流域 ,各亚流域间的特征差异显著 .对各河段水质的主成分分析表明 ,上述 3河段的主要水质信息差异很大 ,第 1河段 (在河流上游 )水质的信息主要体现为总碱度和硬度 ,第 2河段 (河流中游 )主要体现为可溶性磷酸盐、总磷和氯离子 ,第 3河段 (河流下游 )则为 pH、亚硝酸盐氮、总氮和COD .文中结合香溪河流域地理环境背景 ,探讨了香

支持笔输入的虚拟家居设计系统

介绍人机交互技术的概况和家居设计软件的开发现状 ,总结笔交互技术的特点 .根据三维场景中的交互任务定义了常用的交互手势集 ,给出笔交互应用的层次结构 ,设计了一个虚拟家居设计系统的总体框架 ,并成功开发了一个基于笔输入的家居设计系统 .最后给出了一个设计实例 ,取得了满意的设计效果

全节点空间MPI同步通信死锁检测

针对全节点空间上MPI同步通信程序死锁检测的现有穷举方法的弱点,提出了该场景中MPI程序的两种参数化模型:一次参数化模型和二次参数化模型。通过分析一次参数化模型的一类不变式的性质,给出了该模型的死锁检测算法。提出了同构节点空间的一系列概念和性质并由此设计出该算法的几种优化方法,以加快某些特定程序模型死锁检测的过程。仿真实验表明该算法及其优化方法比现有方法的性能提高若干数量级。

微结构疏水表面对界面流动的影响

<正>通过MicroPIV/PTV系统测量带有微结构的PDMS微流道(22μm×6μm,长8mm)内的速度分布。流道侧壁的PDMS微结构是通过软光刻微加工工艺制成,其特征宽度在1～10μm范围。为了研究微结构尺寸的影响,我们测量了3种不同尺度微结构对速度分布的影响。示踪粒子为200nm聚苯乙烯荧光粒子。实验管道Re约0.01。

GIS支持下岷江上游土壤侵蚀动态研究

利用TM数据,采用3S技术和通用土壤侵蚀方程(RUSLE)研究岷江上游地区3个典型时期的土壤侵蚀动态,并对影响侵蚀的主要因子进行初步分析.结果表明,研究区3个时期侵蚀面积分别占研究区总面积的1.28%、1.84%和1.70%;年平均侵蚀模数分别为832.64、1048.74和1362.11t.km-2,以微度侵蚀、轻度侵蚀为主,伴有少量的中度侵蚀.侵蚀面积比较小,侵蚀程度比较轻.侵蚀与坡度呈显著正相关,侵蚀大多发生在>25°的区域,1986年占总侵蚀量的93.65%,1995年为93.81%,2000年为92.71%;在海拔上,中山、亚高山、高山以及干旱河谷是侵蚀发生的主要地带,1986年占总侵蚀量的98.21%,1995年为97.63%,2000年为99.27%;不同类型的植被直接影响到侵蚀的发生,灌木林地以及新退耕的疏林地是3个时期侵蚀的主要发生地,过度放牧导致草场退化,也产生了微度侵蚀;侵蚀的发生和土壤类型密切相关,燥褐土、石灰性褐土最易发生侵蚀,是控制侵蚀的重点区域;人口的增长、户数的增加是侵蚀发生的驱动因子,人口与户数增长导致资源需求压力的增大,侵蚀呈线性增加.

大相岭北坡大熊猫生境适宜性评价

2005年3-11月采用样线法和样方法对大相岭北坡大熊猫栖息地进行了调查,通过利用样方法发现的大熊猫痕迹频次对栖息地的适宜性进行景观连接度(适宜性)赋值,对大相岭北坡大熊猫栖息地的质量进行了分析评价。研究区面积约为2266.79km2,其中竹林分布面积约为842.3km2。仅有约56.8km2占6.8%的竹林面积是适宜大熊猫生存的地区,次适宜地区面积为96.3km2,约占11.4%,较差适宜地区面积为177.4km2,约占21.1%,3个等级加到一起共为330.5km2,占竹林面积的39.3%,主要分布在2200-2800m的平缓山坡,有60%以上为不适宜地区。人为活动对大熊猫栖息地的影响主要是不仅减少了大熊猫的生境面积,也降低了大熊猫亚种群之间的景观连接度,对大熊猫种群之间的基因交流产生阻碍。作者通过实际调查提出了管理措施。

沿海防护林体系生态环境效益及评价技术

本文是“八五”国家科技攻关专题“沿海防护林体系生态经济效益及其评价技术”的阶段性研究成果，在国内首次系统地阐明了沿海防护林体系的中尺度气象效应、区域性气候效应、降盐改土效应、海堤林带的固土护堤效应和沿海农田林网的抗灾保产效应。

基于DEA模型的我国自然灾害区域脆弱性评价

应用数据包络分析(Data Envelopment Analysis,DEA)模型对我国自然灾害的区域脆弱性水平进行研究,在区域灾害系统理论的组织框架下,从区域自然灾害危险性、区域承灾体暴露性和区域自然灾害损失度三个方面构建了区域自然灾害系统的DEA投入产出模型,并利用模型得出的区域自然灾害成灾效率对区域自然灾害的脆弱性进行模拟反映,对我国自然灾害脆弱性的区域分异特征进行分析。研究发现:我国自然灾害脆弱性的整体水平较高,地域格局为西部>中部>东部,且脆弱性水平与地区经济水平具有明显的负相关关系,经济发达地区的脆弱性相对较低。

MICROSTRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF 3 SEGMENTED COPOLYMERS CONTAINING POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE BY SOLID-STATE HIGH-RESOLUTION NMR

The microstructure of two bicomponent and one tricomponent segmented copolymers, based on polydimethylsiloxane, poly(p-hydroxystyrene) or/and polysulfone, were investigated using an extended Goldman-Shen pulse sequence, proton spin-spin relaxation measurements, and C-13 and Si-29 NMR spectra. The results indicate that there exist four phases with different sizes, components and morphological structure in the segmented copolymers studied in this work, i. e., a rigid-chain phase of very slow motion, a rigid-chain-rich phase of slow motion, a flexible-chain-rich phase of fast motion and a flexible-chain phase of faster motion. The sizes of different domains, calculated from the spin diffusion rates, are about 50-100 angstrom for the flexible-chain-rich phase of fast motion and 200-300 angstrom for the flexible-chain phase of faster motion. The relative quantities of polydimethylsiloxane in the flexible-chain phase of fast motion are slightly different in different kinds of segmented copolymers.