非结构同位网格SIMPLE类算法收敛性能比较

以非结构网格的SIMPLE算法为基础,将算法扩展为SIMPLEC算法.利用30°角的斜方腔流动计算成果,分析了非结构同位网格的SIMPLE/SIMPLEC算法的收敛性能;比较了因网格的非正交而引入的非正交项的取舍对该算法收敛性能的影响;并采用显式校正步法对SIMPLEC算法进行了显式校正.比较表明,在非结构同位网格SIMPLEC算法中可忽略非正交项,但有必要对压力作亚松弛.显式校正步法可显著地加速在非结构网格上求解N-S方程的收敛性能,而且在不同的松弛因子组合下,均有较好的收敛速率.

一种PDMS薄膜型微阀的制备与性能分析

通过厚胶光刻工艺在硅片上制备SU 8胶模板,利用该模板制备了高分子聚合物PDMS(Polydimethylsiloxane,聚二甲基硅氧烷)微流道和薄膜结构。通过对不同结构的两层PDMS的不可逆粘接得到一种简单的阀结构,在外加气源压力作用下薄膜产生变形实现对微流道的控制。实验测量了微阀的控制气源压力与被控制液体流量之间的关系,说明膜阀的开闭性能良好。根据弹性薄膜的变形理论,对影响微阀性能的参数进行了分析,并提出了几种可行的用于薄膜微阀控制的方法。

海上导管架平台结构隔振控制方案与减振效果分析

本文针对海上导管架平台结构的冰激振动问题提出了一种整体隔振方案,通过采用建筑抗震用叠层橡胶支座作为基础隔振元件,对以渤海的JZ20-2MUQ采油平台为基础而设计的1∶25的模型试验平台进行数值仿真分析,模拟了模型平台采用隔振方案后的冰激振动响应。通过对隔振前后平台顶部层的振动位移和加速度的比较和分析,同时兼顾考虑了隔振层的最大相对位移,通过优化算法反过来为模型试验平台和隔振支座参数的设计提供理论指导。

重庆西山坪西园建材厂滑坡应急抢险治理工程设计与研究

以西山坪西园建材厂滑坡体工程地质勘察资料为依据,分析了滑坡体的岩土组成和物理力学性质以及造成滑坡的原因.认为影响山体滑坡的因素除与边坡地层岩性、微地貌特征、气象及水文条件有关外,修建厂房开挖与切割边坡坡脚则是重要的诱发原因.定性得出该滑坡的形成机制和类型为牵引式、浅层、小型土质新型滑坡.在此基础上,应用规范所推荐的极限平衡法,对该滑坡体的3个主要地质剖面(A-A'、B-B'、C-C')进行了稳定性计算与分析,得到不同工况下滑坡体稳定系数值.其中,在最不利组合工况(自重+暴雨+地震)下,滑坡体稳定系数仅为0.99～1.03,处于不稳定状态.根据计算结果,按照<长江三峡库区滑坡灾害防治规范>要求及"技术可行、安全可靠、经济合理、简单易实施"的设计原则,对该滑坡的应急抢险方案进行了设计,提出以抗滑桩拦挡工程为主、坡顶修筑截排水沟、地表裂缝回填夯实等综合治理方案.抗滑桩设置1排,分3段,根据每段不同的剩余下滑力设计抗滑桩的断面尺寸和埋设深度,使该滑坡体治理后,其安全系数分别满足不同工况下的规范要求.该方案已通过了三峡库区滑坡灾害防治专家组的审核,目前,正处于实施阶段.

应力波在多层介质中传播特性数值分析

通过与相关文献结果的对比,在验证了数值模拟应力波传播可行性的基础上,比较了应力波通过3层花岗岩和夹层为泡沫铝的3层介质后,发现后者应力波幅值的衰减远大于前者,应变能增加为前者的1.6倍,证明了软夹层在研究的速度量级上对能量耗散具有显著作用;在入射波波长为3层介质总厚度1/2的条件下,当泡沫铝的厚度占总厚度约0.2时,得出了3层介质的应变能约为系统总能量的60%,此时入射波波长为泡沫铝厚度的2.5倍,组合介质获得较佳的衰减性能.

超音速流动中侧向喷流干扰特性的实验研究

在超音速流动中,进行了侧向喷流干扰特性的实验研究,研究了喷流压力、攻角、迎风侧及背风侧喷流对侧向喷流干扰特性的影响.结果表明,随喷流压力增大,喷流前的高压区向前扩展,喷流的包裹作用加强.有攻角时,背风侧喷流前的高压区更大,喷流包裹作用的影响区域前移,喷流的控制效果更好,这一趋势随攻角的增大更加明显.

近场地震动格林函数的解析法与数值法对比研究

分析了在均匀弹性介质中,分别用解析方法和三维波动有限元数值方法计算无限全空间近场地震动的格林函数的理论与方法。将震源处理分为:(1)计算单一位错点源单位脉冲引起的格林函数;(2)用有限断层模型将断面划分为若干子源并有时间延迟,叠加所有子源的格林函数。本文以1994年美国北岭地震为例,用解析法和数值方法分别计算了LV3、PCD、MCN三个场地的格林函数,并进行了对比分析。

激光表面强化相关问题的研究进展

针对激光表面强化相关问题的研究现状作了介绍和展望.主要内容包括:①激光表面强化工艺及其控制研究.利用光束变换形成光束的特定阵列或周期分布是一种非常有发展前途的先进工艺;②数值模拟、强化工艺的优化与评价.半解析和轴对称(有限元)模型可对强化过程参数与结果进行半定量的计算和分析,而对实际材料整个强化过程的温度场、多次相变、组织演化、最终的相组成以及力学性能的计算和预测仍将是今后数值模拟的研究重点;③光束质量与时空变换.光束质量对应着强化工艺的可重复性.激光束的时间空间分布研究可充分挖掘激光表面强化工艺的潜力以最大限度满足材料性能对强化工艺的特定要求.

堵塞和煤粉浓缩器对旋流两相流动影响的研究

旋流煤粉燃烧器加进口堵塞和煤粉浓缩器可以影响湍流,燃烧温度以及煤粉浓度的分布,从而影响NO的生成与排放。本文用三维相位多普勒颗粒测速仪(PDPA)测量和双流体模型数值模拟研究了堵塞和煤粉浓缩器对旋流煤粉燃烧器内两相流动的影响。实验结果和数值模拟结果基本符合。实验和模拟结果都表明,无论是进口堵塞还是煤粉浓缩器都会增加旋流燃烧器的进口湍流度,同时增加进口轴线附近的颗粒浓度,后者将有利于降低NO排放。

Pressure Drop Studies of Gas-Liquid Bubbly Flow in Vertical Upward Pipeline

This paper describes the experimental and theoretical studies of gas-liquid bubbly flow in vertical upward pipeline carried out at Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Bubbly flow in a vertical pipe with a 3 m long and 5 cm inner diameter plexiglass pipe was experimentally investigated, and studies carried out on the relationship between superficial velocities of the liquid and gas phases and pressure gradient is described. The developed drift-flux model applied to gas-liquid bubbly flow is presented, and the results are compared against the experimental data measured by ours in air/water vertical pipes.

环形爆轰波在激波管中聚焦的数值模拟

本文利用基元反应模型和频散可控耗散格式对环形氢氧爆轰波在圆柱形激波管道中的绕射、聚焦和反射过程进行了数值模拟研究.研究结果表明在一定的初始条件下,爆轰波在后台阶绕射过程中出现了微弱的解耦并迅速重新耦合.绕射爆轰波在向对称轴的收敛过程中,逐渐形成强度不断增加的爆轰,最终在对称轴上完成爆轰波聚焦.本文还通过同样的边界条件下与相同马赫数激波聚焦的对比,运用理论分析和数值结果揭示了这两种类似流动的本质差别,从一个侧面强化了对爆轰波传播机理的认识.

Simulation of Severe Slugging Formation and Control in Offshore Riser

In this paper, available elimination techniques are assessed. OLGA2000 software is used to simulate severe slugging formation mechanism in certain offshore riser. The simulation results show that pressure fluctuations of riser base and riser top is very large and severe slugging easily forms. Sensibility analysis shows that the measures and methods which include properly reducing pipe riser diameter, reducing water cut increasing terminal pressure, decreasing the height and inclination of riser and increasing GOR can eliminate or control severe slugging in riser pipe.

Design of a Self-Adaptive Down-Hole Layered Steam Injector and Its Application

Layered steam injection, widely used in Liaohe Oilfield at Present, is an effective recovery technique to heavy oil reserves. Which makes the steam front-peak push forward uniformly, the amount of steam injection be assigned rationally, and the effect of injection steam be obtained as expected. To maintain a fixed ratio of layered steam injection and solve the problem of nonadjustable hole diameter with the change of layer pressure in the existing injectors, a new method is proposed in this paper to design layered steam injectors based on the dynamic balance theory. According to gas-liquid two-phase flow theory and beat transfer theory, the energy equation and the heat conduction equation in boreholes are developed. By analyzing the energy equilibrium of water-steam passing through the injector hole, we find an expression to describe the relation between the cross-sectional area of injector hole and the layer pressure. With this expression, we provide a new set of calculation methods and write the corresponding computer program to design and calculate the main parameters of a steam injector. The actual measurement data show that the theoretically calculated results are accurate, the software runs reliably, and they provide the design of self-adjustable layered steam injectors with the theoretical foundation.

Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer and Kinetics in the Bulk Growth of Silicon Carbide

The growth process of 2-inch silicon carbide (SiC) single crystals by the physical vapor transport method (or modified Lely method) has been modeled and simulated. The comprehensive process model incorporates the calculations of radio frequency (RF) induction heating, heat and mass transfer and growth kinetics. The transport equations for electromagnetic field, heat transfer, and species transport are solved using a finite volume-based numerical scheme called MASTRAPP (Multizone Adaptive Scheme for Transport and Phase Change Process). Temperature distribution for a 2-inch growth system is calculated, and the effects of induction heating frequency and current on the temperature distribution and growth rate are investigated. The predicted results have been compared with the experimental data.

Path Planner for Intelligent Laser Surface Modification

An optimal algorithm of manufacturing path planner for intelligent laser surface modification is presented. Elements included in the optimal objective have been analyzed. A 6-D manufacture trace that satisfies the requirements of special craft and 5-axis laser processing robot system has been generated from the path planner by method of parallel section in which combinations of modification spots size with curvature of processing surfaces and modification craft parameters are considered. Related experiments have been successfully carried out with the computer integrated multifunctional laser manufacturing system.