54 resultados para 1H-2

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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采用激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱 (LDI TOF MS)快速测定了 1H 2 ,3 二氢 1 吡咯里嗪酮衍生物相对分子质量 ,初步总结了该类化合物的质谱规律 .实验中不需加入基质 ,实测值与理论计算值相吻合.

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本文通过探索影响脱乙酰化度的因素,成功地制取了高脱乙酰化度的可溶性壳聚糖,经辐射处理后,得到高活性的壳聚糖,并就其对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、酵母菌和霉菌生长抑制作用及其抑菌活性片段分子量等特性进行了研究。干蟹粉经脱钙,脱蛋白,脱色后,得到甲壳质粗品,经50%NaOH于110 ℃ 脱乙酰1h, 重复一次,用2%HAc纯化,可得到脱乙酰化度达95%的壳聚糖。壳聚糖经辐射处理后抑菌作用效果明显增强,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的最低抑菌浓度分别比辐射前提高了100倍和10倍,对黑曲霉等6种霉菌的抑制用较辐射前有不同和度的提高。0.02g/l浓度下对酵母菌行长抑制达72h。辐射强度、辐射剂量、壳聚糖脱乙酰化度等因素对辐射处理后壳聚糖的活性有较大影响,脱乙酰化度达95%以上的壳聚糖在5kGy·h~(-1)强度下,经100kGy辐射剂量处理可得到高活性壳聚糖。当壳聚糖脱乙酰化度低于95%,或辐射强度降低,或辐射剂量增加或减少时,处理后的壳聚糖活性明显降低。辐射处理能显著提高聚糖的溶解性,特别是壳聚糖的水溶性。活性壳聚糖起抑菌作用的分子片段随作用菌种的不同而有所不同,对金黄色葡萄球菌的生长起抑制作用的是10万以上的某些(或某个)分子片段;对于大肠杆菌,10万以上以及3~5万的某些(或某个)分子片段均有明显的抑制作用,而其它范围的分子片段几乎没有抑制作用。比较壳聚糖抑制金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌生长的活性分子片段发现,其分子量对壳聚糖的抑菌活性强弱有明显影响。

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本文对真鲷心跳期胚胎对5种常用渗透性抗冻剂(DMSO、甘油、甲醇、丙二醇、乙二醇)和3种非渗透性抗冻剂(PVP、PEG-8000、蔗糖)的耐受性进行了研究。渗透性抗冻剂分6个浓度梯度(5%;10%;15%;20%;25%;30%)和3个时间组(10min;30min;1h)。非渗透性抗冻剂中,PVP、PEG-8000分3个浓度梯度(5%、10%、15%)和2个时间组(10min、30min),蔗糖为4个浓度梯度(5%、10%、15%、20%)和2个时间组(10min、30min)。实验结果表明,在渗透性抗冻剂组中,浓度为5%的处理组的孵化率(>90%)与对照组差异均不显著,随着抗冻剂浓度增大及处理时间的延长,真鲷心跳期胚胎的孵化率显著下降(P<0.05),在最高浓度的最长处理时间中胚胎孵化率均降到了0。总体上,真鲷心跳期胚胎对五种渗透性抗冻剂的耐受性从小到大依次为:甲醇 < 甘油 < 乙二醇 < DMSO < 丙二醇。对影响胚胎孵化率的三个因素(抗冻剂、浓度、时间)进行的因素效应分析结果表明,三种因素对孵化率的影响显著(P<0.05),并且浓度效应 > 时间效应 > 抗冻剂效应。在非渗透性抗冻剂组中,蔗糖组胚胎孵化率未呈显著变化;PVP组随着浓度及时间的增大,孵化率显著下降(P<0.05);PEG-8000组随着浓度增大孵化率显著下降(P<0.05),但在两个时间组间差异不显著。相同处理情况下PEG-8000对真鲷心跳期胚胎的毒性要小于PVP。因素效应分析比较结果表明仅时间效应不显著,且抗冻剂效应 > 浓度效应 > 时间效应。 对所用各种抗冻剂进行了渗透压测量,实验中使用的渗透性抗冻剂(5%-30%)的渗透压值在959-7980mOsm/kg之间,均高于使用海水的渗透压值(919mOsm/kg);使用的非渗透性抗冻剂的渗透压值在316-1040mOsm/kg之间,除20%蔗糖渗透压值(1040mOsm/kg)高于海水外,其他非渗透性抗冻剂的渗透压值均要低于海水。对孵化率与相应的溶液渗透压值进行相关回归分析结果表明,渗透性抗冻剂的渗透压与孵化率呈显著的负相关(P<0.05),而非渗透性抗冻剂的渗透压与孵化率相关不显著。渗透性抗冻剂组的回归分析结果表明,二次方程的曲线拟合度最高,得到的回归方程分别为:Y10min = -2×10-8X2 10min - 6×10-5 X 10min + 1.5635 (R2 = 0.713),Y30min= 5×10-8X2 30min-0.0007 X 30min + 2.097(R2 = 0.681),Y1h = 7×10-8X2 1h-0.0008 X 1h+ 2.0397(R2= 0.725)。 在真鲷胚胎对抗冻剂耐受性实验的基础上,挑选五种抗冻剂--10%DMSO、5%甘油、10%甲醇、20%丙二醇、10%乙二醇,浸泡真鲷心跳期胚胎30min后,分别以超速(130℃/min)、快速(20℃/min)、慢速(3℃/min)的速度降温并使用低温显微镜进行观察,依次记录Toif(油球结冰)、Teif(胚胎外部结冰)、Tiif(胚胎内部结冰)等结冰点,Toif值在-9~-23℃之间;Teif值在-21~-35℃之间;Tiif值在-21~-52℃之间。结冰顺序为先油球结冰,然后胚胎外部结冰随之内部马上瞬间变黑形成内部冰晶。随着降温速度的提高,各结冰温度值显著下降。各抗冻剂之间的Teif及Tiif值不同,Toif值之间没有显著差异。对两种玻璃化冷冻方法进行模拟观察,发现胚胎冰晶形成的顺序与非玻璃化过程不同--先内部结冰然后逐渐蔓延至外部形成外部冰晶,而且模拟玻璃化的内部结冰温度Tiif值(-52.56℃)显著(P<0.05)低于使用低浓度的同种抗冻剂超速降温组的Tiif值(-40.11℃)。在快速及慢速降温组中,20%丙二醇组的Tiif要显著的低于其他组(P<0.05);在超速降温中,甲醇组的Tiif值要显著的低于其他组(P<0.05)。在Tiif小于30℃的实验组中获得形态完整胚胎的比例平均仅有30.77%;在Tiif大于30℃的实验组中获得形态完整胚胎的平均比例高达70.37%,模拟玻璃化组达到100%。各抗冻剂之间,复温后胚胎形态完整率10%甲醇组最高(77.78%);其次依次为10%乙二醇(66.67%)、20%丙二醇(55.56%)和10%DMSO(55.56%);5%甘油组最低(11.11%);推测甲醇的对胚胎的渗透效果要好于其他组。综上推测:使用丙二醇、甲醇作为抗冻剂以及玻璃化冷冻保存方法对真鲷心跳期胚胎超低温保存也许较为合适。 我们对低温保存的真鲷精子核DNA损伤进行了研究以期为下一步胚胎遗传物质稳定性研究提供参考依据。研究方法为单细胞凝胶电泳(SCGE),针对研究对象,在实验过程中对传统的碱性单细胞凝胶电泳在铺胶方法、电泳条件等进行了改进。对精子细胞进行预处理,在碱性电泳液中使核DNA双链解链变性后电泳,EB染色lOmin后,在荧光显微镜下观察,每次随机观察50个左右的核DNA。结果表明,对荧光显微镜下观察到的精子核按彗尾长度及荧光强度划分等级,出现损伤的精子核DNA的损伤程度主要为轻度损伤和中度损伤,很少见有完全损伤的真鲷精子核。经5%、10%、18%、20%、25%、30%DMSO冷冻保存后的精子彗星率分别为33.47% ± 8.95%; 35.91% ± 19.44%; 48.95% ± 8.90%; 43.33% ± 11.19%; 55.80% ± 38.94%。鲜精彗星率为31.43 % ± 2.68%。对比真鲷冷冻精液与新鲜精液的精子DNA的损伤状况,表明仅用30% DMSO冷冻精子DNA损伤状况与鲜精差异显著(P<0.05)。 综上所述,渗透性抗冻剂对胚胎的毒性与其渗透压值呈显著的负相关关系。丙二醇对真鲷心跳期胚胎毒性最小,甲醇较其他抗冻剂能更好的渗透入胚胎;玻璃化方法能显著降低Tiif值并能更好的保持超低温保存后胚胎的形态完整性,因此,使用丙二醇、甲醇作为抗冻剂以及玻璃化冷冻保存方法对真鲷心跳期胚胎超低温保存也许较为合适。常规使用的用于超低温保存真鲷精子的DMSO(浓度<15%)不会对精子核物质稳定性造成明显影响。由于胚胎较精子结构要复杂许多,对于真鲷胚胎损伤机理的研究还有大量工作可以开展。

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The title compound, C19H18N2O3S, shows favourable activity against HIV-1. The phenyl ring is twisted with respect to the pyrimidine ring by 61.56 (9)degrees. Intermolecular N-H center dot center dot center dot O and C-H center dot center dot center dot O

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<正> 在前文的基础上,用~(59)CO~2+Cl_2·6H_2O加D_2O作为样品,在200MHz谱仪上观察~1H,在400MHz谱仪上观察~(35)Cl,研究强顺磁离子~(59)Co~2+(s=3/2,I=7/2)在外加直流磁场H_0作用下,它对~1H与~(35)Cl的NMR影响。因为强顺磁离子~(59)Co~(2+)的电子自旋(s=3/2)是围绕着核旋转的,因此可以统计平均计算,

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A facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of polysubstituted pyridin-2(1H)-ones from a variety of beta-oxo amides under Vilsmeier conditions is described, and a mechanism involving sequential halogenation, formylation and intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization is proposed

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A facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of substituted pyridine-2,4(1H,3H)-diones has been developed. Subjected to N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal (DMFDMA) in N,N-dimethylformamide at 120 ˚C, a series of acyl(carbamoyl)ketene S,S-acetals were converted into the corresponding substituted pyridine-2,4(1H,3H)-diones in high yields.

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A facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of halogenated pyridin-2(1H)-ones from a series of readily available enaminones under Vilsmeier conditions is described, and a mechanism involving sequential halogenation, formylation, and intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization is proposed.

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An efficient and divergent one-pot synthesis of substituted 2H-pyrans, 4H-pyrans and pyridin-2(1H)-ones from beta-oxo amides based on the selection of the reaction conditions is reported. Mediated by N,N,N',N'-tetramethylchloroformamidinium chloride, beta-oxo amides underwent intermolecular cyclizations in the presence of triethylamine at room temperature to give substituted 2H-pyrans in high yields, which could be converted into substituted 4H-pyrans in the presence of sodium hydroxide in ethanol at room temperature, or into substituted pyridin-2(1H)-ones under reflux.

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A facile and efficient synthesis Of Substituted pyridin-2(1H)-ones has been developed by the reaction of readily available 1-carbamoyl-]-[3-(dimethylamino)propenoyl]cyclopropanes with phosphoryl chloride or phosphorus tribromide in dichloromethane at room temperature.

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In the title complex, [Cd(C2H3O2)(2)(C17H10N4O)(2)], the central Cd-II ion (site symmetry 2) shows an uncommon eight-coordinate CdN4O4 coordination geometry arising from two N,N-chelating 2-(2-furyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f]-1,10-phenanthro-line molecules and two O, O-bidentate acetate anions.

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A facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of highly substituted pyridin-2(1H)-ones is developed via the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction of readily available 1-acetyl,1-carbamoyl cyclopropanes, and a mechanism involving sequential ring-opening, haloformylation, and intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization reactions is proposed.

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A facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of highly substituted pyridin-2(IH)-ones was developed via Vilsmeier-Haack reactions of readily available enaminones, 2-arylamino-3-acetyl-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrans, and a mechanism involving sequential ring-opening, haloformylation, and intramolecular nucleophilic cyclization reactions is proposed.

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In the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C9H8N2O2, there are two crystallographically independent molecules, each of which forms a dimer, via N-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds, with an inversion-related molecule.

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In the title compound, [Zn(C8H4O4)(C17H10N4O)](n), the Zn-II atom is five-coordinated by two N atoms from the phenanthro-line-derived ligand and three O atoms from one bidentate and one monodentate benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate (1,2-BDC) dianions in a distorted trigonal-bipyramidal geometry. The Zn-II atoms are bridged by the 1,2-BDC ligands to form a single-chain structure. Neighboring chains interact through pi-pi interactions, leading to a two-dimensional network.