重力埧抗震問題研究(一)

<正> 在地震区内修建巨型水电站时,必須对水电站的主要結构物——拦河煩进行抗震問題的研究。 通过模型試驗,计算了重力坝茌地震作有下的振动、应力及位移。假設地震时,地基是作为整体来运动的,并且只考虑了地震时地面的水平运动、略去了地面的垂直运动的影响。选用美国1940年5月18日在El Centro(加利福尼亚州)的地震加速度記录(最大加速度为0.33g),和一系列的地震振谱作为地震的原始资料。

1960～2005年汕头500hPa高度变化

分析汕头气象站1960-2005年500hPa高度的气候变化特征，得出存在年际和年代

Analysis of the sea-level variability along the Chinese coast and estimation of the impact of a CO2-perturbed atmospheric circulation

The relationship between monthly sea-level data measured at stations located along the Chinese coast and concurrent large-scale atmospheric forcing in the period 1960-1990 is examined. It is found that sea-level varies quite coherently along the whole coast, despite the geographical extension of the station set. A canonical correlation analysis between sea-level and sea-level pressure (SLP) indicates that a great part of the sea-level variability can be explained by the action of the wind stress on the ocean surface. The relationship between sea-level and sea-level pressure is analyzed separately for the summer and winter half-years. In winter, one factor affecting sea-level variability at all stations is the SLP contrast between the continent and the Pacific Ocean, hence the intensity of the winter Monsoon circulation. Another factor that affects coherently all stations is the intensity of the zonal circulation at mid-latitudes. In the summer half year, on the other hand, the influence of SLP on sea-level is spatially less coherent: the stations in the Yellow Sea are affected by a more localized circulation anomaly pattern, whereas the rest of the stations is more directly connected to the intensity of the zonal circulation. Based on this analysis, statistical models (different for summer and winter) to hindcast coastal sealevel anomalies from the large-scale SLP field are formulated. These models have been tested by fitting their internal parameters in a test period and reproducing reasonably the sea-level evolution in an independent period. These statistical models are also used to estimate the contribution of the changes of the atmospheric circulation on sea-level along the Chinese coast in an altered climate. For this purpose the ouput of 150 year-long experiment with the coupled ocean-atmosphere model ECHAM1-LSG has been analyzed, in which the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases was continuously increased from 1940 until 2090, according to the Scenario A projection of the Intergovermental Panel on Climate Change. In this experiment the meridional (zonal) circulation relevant for sea-level tends to become weaker (stronger) in the winter half year and stronger (weaker) in summer. The estimated contribution of this atmospheric circulation changes to coastal sea-level is of the order of a few centimeters at the end of the integration, being in winter negative in the Yellow Sea and positive in the China Sea with opposite signs in the summer half-year.

一种新蛋白源──青海钩虾（Gammarus suifunensis,Ueno,1940）营养价值的初步研究

对青海钩虾的营养价值进行了初步的研究。首先分析三种不同品级的青海钩虾，一般营养成分及氨基酸含量，并同两种鱼粉比较；第二，养鸡试验的结果表明，钩虾组在平均增量和总增重量等方面都优于鱼粉；第三，真鲷Pagrosomusmajor（Temminck＆Schlegel）的实验是按照逐次降低钩虾的含量的方法，分为4组。Ⅰ．钩虾：鱼粉＝6：4，Ⅱ．钧虾：鱼粉＝4：6，Ⅲ．钩虾：鱼粉＝2：8，Ⅳ．钩虾：鱼粉＝0：10。实验结果显示在其鲷的成活率、体长平均增长率、增重率和饲料系数等方面，含钩虾组较无钩虾（Ⅳ）为佳，而Ⅱ组具有最好的促增重效果和最经济的特点。最后，根据上述分析和实验结果，作者认为青海钩虾是一种可以代替鱼粉的新蛋白源，值得开发利用和推广。