Dislocation Propagation versus Dislocation Nucleation - Authors' Response

No abstract.

石门揭煤突出过程的数值模拟研究

运用岩石破裂过程分析PFPA2D系统,对急倾斜含瓦斯煤层中的石门揭煤突出过程进行了数值模拟研究。模拟结果再现了含瓦斯岩中裂纹的萌生、扩展、贯通直至煤岩抛出的突出全过程,并通过含瓦斯煤岩变形、破裂过程中的应力场演化说明了地应力、瓦斯压力以及煤体力学性质对诱发突出的综合作用。

关于一个新型转捩模式的研究与应用

采用了新型的转捩预测模式,将间歇因子耦合到湍流脉动输运方程中去,计及流体转捩的内在因素,因而能够反映转捩的具体发展过程.以二维不可压平板边界层和二维NACA0012翼型为例,研究了该转捩模式在预测不可压转捩流动时的作用,得到与实验值符合良好的计算结果.同时也研究了该转捩模式在不同网格分辨率下的计算能力和对近壁面网格分辨率的要求.

Tunable phase-stabilized infrared parametric laser source

This paper reports that the tunable self-phase-stabilized infrared laser pulses have been generated from a two-stage optical parametric amplifier. With an 800 nm pump source, the output idler pulses are tunable from 1.3 mu m to 2.3 mu m, and the maximum output energy of the idler pulses is higher than 1 mJ at 1.6 mu m by using 6 mJ pump laser. A carrier-envelope phase fluctuation of similar to 0.15 rad (rms) for the idler pulses is measured for longer than one hour by using a home build f-to-2f interferometer.

飞秒激光加工微光学元件的研究

利用低功率飞秒激光振荡器进行材料表面加工的研究并将其应用于微光学元件的加工制作领域；对飞秒激光倍频光以及飞秒激光与光刻胶材料相互作用进行了实验；以光刻胶作为牺牲层进行表面加工获得了各种玻璃光栅及光掩模板；利用光学显微镜和原子力显微镜（AFM）对实验结果进行检测，得到微米量级的特征线宽；所得光栅的光学性能通过HeNe激光器进行检测，实验结果与理论值一致。该研究为微光学元件的加工制作提供了新的方法。

Optical two-dimensional SW-banyan network: Optical implementation, routing control, and determination of permissible permutations

A 2-D SW-banyan network is introduced by properly folding the 1-D SW-banyan network, and its corresponding optical setup is proposed by means of polarizing beamsplitters and 2-D phase spatial light modulators. Then, based on the characteristics and the proposed optical setup, the control for the routing path between any source-destination pair is given, and the method to determine whether a given permutation is permissible or not is discussed. Because the proposed optical setup consists of only optical polarization elements, it is compact in structure, its corresponding energy loss and crosstalk are low, and its corresponding available number of channels is high. (C) 1996 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.

光间受体视黄类物质结合蛋白（IRBP）的研究概况

光间受体视黄类物质结合蛋白 (ＩＲＢＰ)是一种仅在脊椎动物视网膜的光间受体基质 (ＩＰＭ)中发现 ,并由光受体细胞合成并分泌的较大的单亚基糖酯类蛋白 .由于它能够结合各种异构形式和化学形式的视黄类物质和脂酸 ,因而在视循环中作为转移视黄类物质和脂酸的主要运输工具 ,同时也具有保护视黄类物质免于降解和减少视黄类物质潜在的细胞毒性等作用 .除了上述功能外 ,ＩＲＢＰ在调控视黄类物质定位、新陈代谢以及各方面活性等方面也都有不同的特异性功能 ,因而是一种重要的蛋白质成分 .目前对此蛋白质基因结构的研究表明 ,ＩＲＢＰ基因是不包括任何高度重复或中度重复序列的单拷贝基因 .牛及人类等大多数哺乳动物及两栖类的ＩＲＢＰ基因都是由四个外显子和三个内含子组成 ,进而编码形成含有四倍重复结构且大小约为 140ｋｕ的ＩＲＢＰ .之所以存在此种结构特征的原因及意义还不清楚 ,可能与ＩＲＢＰ结合视黄类物质和脂类有关 .大多数的报道中 ,都认为ＩＲＢＰ具有两个结合视黄类物质的位点即每个ＩＲＢＰ分子可以结合两个分子的视黄类物质 ,而Ｓｈａｗ和Ｎｏｙ等最近提出ＩＲＢＰ包括 3个视黄类物质结合位点 ,由于每个ＩＲＢＰ分子包括 4个重复结构 .

三聚氰胺对吉富罗非鱼的急性毒性研究

采用接触、腹腔注射及口服3种致毒方式,对吉富罗非鱼(GIFT Oreochromis niloticus)进行三聚氰胺的急性毒性研究.口服急性毒性实验中,在饲料中添加不同浓度的三聚氰胺,进行21 d的吉富罗非鱼摄食养殖实验,实验鱼初体重为(55.00±0.05)g.实验结果表明:三聚氰胺溶解度较低,在接触实验中其水溶液没有表现出毒性,96LC50>3500 mg/L;而在腹腔注射致毒方式下,三聚氰胺对吉富罗非鱼的半致死剂量LD50=1311.90 mg/kg;LD5095%可信限为1169.06~1472

浅水湖泊内源磷负荷季节变化的生物驱动机制

由于磷是重要的生源要素,过量的磷促进浮游植物(包括有毒蓝藻)的生长而使水质恶化,水一泥界面的磷交换机制受到广泛关注。一般认为沉积物的磷释放模式在浅水湖泊和深水湖泊之间有很大的差异。在探讨沉积物中磷释放机制时,人们一直最关注的要素为铁和氧及其相关的环境因子(如扰动、分解),但是浅水湖泊中磷含量变化的大部分结果仍然无法解释。通过对欧洲温带浅水湖泊和亚热带气候的长江中下游浅水湖泊中有关沉积物磷释放模式的野外和实验研究结果的分析,认为在浅水湖泊内源磷负荷季节变动模式的驱动因子中,pH可能比溶氧更为重要,即浮游藻类

Elevated ability to compete for limited food resources by 'all-fish' growth hormone transgenic common carp Cyprinus carpio

Food consumption, number of movements and feeding hierarchy of juvenile transgenic common carp Cyprinus carpio and their size-matched non-transgenic conspecifics were measured under conditions of limited food supply. Transgenic fish exhibited 73 center dot 3% more movements as well as a higher feeding order, and consumed 1 center dot 86 times as many food pellets as their non-transgenic counterparts. After the 10 day experiment, transgenic C. carpio had still not realized their higher growth potential, which may be partly explained by the higher frequency of movements of transgenics and the 'sneaky' feeding strategy used by the non-transgenics. The results indicate that these transgenic fish possess an elevated ability to compete for limited food resources, which could be advantageous after an escape into the wild. It may be that other factors in the natural environment (i.e. predation risk and food distribution), however, would offset this advantage. Thus, these results need to be assessed with caution.

Influence of spacer layer thickness on the current-voltage characteristics of pseudomorphic AlAs/In0.53Ga0.47As/InAs resonant tunnelling diodes

This paper investigates the dependence of current-voltage characteristics of AlAs/In0.53Ga0.47As/InAs resonant tunnelling diodes (RTDs) on spacer layer thickness. It finds that the peak and the valley current density J in the negative differential resistance (NDR) region depends strongly on the thickness of the spacer layer. The measured peak to valley current ratio of RTDs studied here is shown to improve while the current density through RTDs decreases with increasing spacer layer thickness below a critical value.

Performance analysis of very-small-aperture lasers

The fabrication of very-small-aperture lasers is demonstrated, and their performance is analyzed. Because of strong optical feedback caused by a gold film on the front facet of the laser, its behavior changes: The threshold current decreases, the density of light inside the laser diode and the redshift effect of the spectra are enhanced, and the laser diode's lifetime is shorter than that of common laser diodes with large driving current. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America

WG-like modes selectivity in a square cavity with posts

We investigate the characteristics of Whispering-Gallery(WG)-like modes in a square cavity with posts by employing the two-dimentional (2D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique combined with the effective index method. The results indicate that the posts can result in mode selection in the WG-like modes. The WG-like modes with odd mode numbers are not much sensitive to the sizes of the posts. However, the quality factor (i.e. Q-factor) of the WG-like modes with even mode numbers decreases sharply with the increasing size of the posts. The decreasing Q-factor is attributed to mode leakage and scattering loss due to the presence of the post. The mode selection increases with the mode spacing of square cavity twice in an optimized strucure.