33 resultados para 1453
em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal
Resumo:
The feasibility of the fabrication of coatings for elevated-temperature structural applications by laser cladding MoSi2 powder on steel was investigated. A dense and crack-free fine coating, well-bonded with the substrate has been obtained by this technique. This coating consists of FeMoSi, Fe2Si and a small amount of Mo5Si3 due to dilution of the substrate in the coating. The microstruelure of the coating is characterized of typical fine dendrites. The dendrites are composed of FeMoSi primary phase, and the interdendritic areas are two eutectic phases of FeMoSi and Fe2Si. The hardness of the coating reaches 845 Hv(0.5), 3.7 times larger than that of the steel substrate (180Hv(0.5)).
Resumo:
In 1990 JET operated with a number of technical improvements which led to advances in performance and permitted the carrying out of experiments specifically aimed at improving physics understanding of selected topics relevant to the "NEXT STEP". The new facilities include beryllium antenna screens, a prototype lower hybrid current drive system, and modification of the NI system to enable the injection of He-3 and He-4. Continued investigation of the hot-ion H-mode produced a value of n(D)(0)tau-E(T)(i)(0) = 9 x 10(20)m-3s keV, which is near conditions required for Q(DT) = 1, while a new peaked density profile H-mode was developed with only slightly lower performance. Progress towards steady state operation has been made by achieving ELMy H-modes under certain operating conditions, while maintaining good tau-E values. Experimental simulation of He ash transport indicates effective removal of alpha-particles from the plasma core for both L and H mode plasmas. Detailed analyses of particle and energy transport have helped establish a firmer link between particle and energy transport, and have suggested a connection between reduced energy transport and reversed shear. Numerical and analytic studies of divertor physics carried out for the pumped divertor phase of JET have helped clarify the key parameters governing impurity retention, and an intensive model validation effort has begun. Experimental simulation of alpha-particle effects with beta-fast up to 8% have shown that the slowing down processes are classical, and have given no evidence of deleterious collective effects.
Resumo:
采用传统无压烧结工艺制备Nd^3 +掺杂的氧化镧钇透明激光陶瓷,测试了其吸收和荧光光谱.采用Judd-Ofelt理论对Nd^3 +掺杂量为1 .5at %的样品光谱参量进行了计算.根据吸收光谱,拟合得到三个强度参量分别为:Ω2=6 .57×10^-20cm^2,Ω4=2 .04×10^-20cm^2,Ω6=4 .38×10^-20cm^2.根据这三个参量计算了样品的辐射寿命,跃迁几率,荧光分支比,量子效率和品质因子,并对结果作了分析.
Resumo:
地上净初级生产力(ANPP)是陆地生态系统碳循环的重要组成部分,但由于估测ANPP的方法不同使得对ANPP的估测值存在很大的不确定性。本文采用3种方法(群落中所有种群当年最大地上生物量之和(ANPPC1)、当年群落最大地上生物量(ANPPC2)以及每年固定日期(8月30日)的地上生物量(ANPPC3))在种群、功能群和群落水平上分别对连续19年(1980~1998)的内蒙古羊草和大针茅草原生态系统功能(如ANPP、植物多样性和水分利用效率(WUE))的动态变化进行了比较分析,同时探讨了不同估测方法下气候和放牧对ANPP的影响,在此基础上利用DNDC模型进行了ANPP的模拟和敏感性分析研究,主要结果包括: 在羊草和大针茅草原群落中,不同主要植物种群或功能群多年平均地上最大生物量出现的时间不同,而同一植物种群或功能群的年地上最大生物量出现的时间存在年际间的变化。采用当年最大地上生物量和8月30日固定日期的地上生物量作为群落ANPP的这两种方法高估了建群种或禾草功能群在群落中的作用。 羊草草原群落多年平均ANPPC1、ANPPC2和 ANPPC3分别是257.5、190.1和166.0 g.m-2;相应的大针茅草原多年平均ANPPC1、ANPPC2和 ANPPC3分别是180.4、132.8和122.5 g.m-2。就群落生产力而言,后两种常用的方法二和方法三分别低估了草原群落ANPP 14.2%~40.0%和15.5~59.0%。本文研究表明尽管ANPPC1与ANPPC2和ANPPC3之间存在显著的差异,但二者之间存在极显著的相关性:羊草草原的ANPPC1= 59.587+1.061×ANPPC2(r2=0.865, p<0.001),ANPPC1= 92.329+1.017×ANPPC3(r2=0.569, p<0.001);大针茅草原的ANPPC1= 32.918+1.114×ANPPC2(r2=0.814, p<0.001),ANPPC1= 76.120+0.875×ANPPC3(r2=0.499, p=0.001)。 种群、功能群和群落地上净初级生产力与气候因子间的关系因不同的估测方法而异。羊草草原的建群种羊草种群仅ANPPS3与8月和11月份的平均温度间存在显著相关性,而大针茅草原群落的建群种大针茅种群的ANPPS1和ANPPS2与3月份平均最高气温间呈负相关关系。在羊草草原群落,杂类草功能群ANPPF1和ANPPF2与3月份气温呈负相关关系;而灌木半灌木功能群ANPPF1和ANPPF2与3月份降水呈负相关关系。在大针茅草原群落,禾草功能群ANPPF1与5月份最高平均气温呈显著负相关关系。羊草草原群落ANPPC1和ANPPC3分别与11月份最低温度和平均温度存在显著负相关关系;大针茅草原群落ANPPC1与2和6月份月降水量间相关性显著,ANPP2与5月和11月份月平均最低温度呈显著负相关关系,而4~9月份,1和4月份平均最低温度对群落ANPPC3起决定作用。 在羊草和大针茅草原群落,由方法一得到的群落水分利用效率、Shannon植物多样性指数和均匀度指数与方法二或方法三得到的相应的指数间存在显著的差异,方法二和方法三得到的值间差异不显著。群落地上净初级生产力与相应估测方法的植物Shannon多样性指数和均匀度指数之间相关性不显著。 放牧条件下羊草或大针茅草原群落中的建群种羊草和大针茅在群落中的相对地上生物量较围栏内的相应植物种群的降低,而糙隐子草种群在群落中的比例上升。不同的放牧管理条件下,群落中植物种群地上现存量的季节动态发生变化。群落的植物组成及植物种群地上生物量在群落中总生物量的比例发生了明显的变化。利用遥感来估测地上净初级生产力时,分别低估了羊草和大针茅草原ANPP 52%和27%。 DNDC模型可以很好地模拟内蒙古典型草原生态系统的地上生物量,通过敏感性分析表明降水是草原植物生长的主要限制因子,在降水量增加或降低至日降水的30%时,模拟的地上生物量显著地高于或低于实测地上生物量值。在多年平均降水量为347mm的情况下,随着土壤粘粒含量的增加,地上生物量逐渐降低,与北美草原一致。
Resumo:
目的 探讨蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫 (Giardialamblia)磷酸丙糖异构酶基因种内差异。方法 提取虫体总DNA ,对所有虫株磷酸丙糖异构酶 (tim)基因部分片段进行PCR扩增。测定序列后 ,用简约法和NJ法构建系统树进行系统发育分析。结果 共有 12 4个位点存在变异 (占所有测定序列中的 2 3% ) ,且大多数为发生在密码子的同义突变。两种构树方法所得二树的分枝结构相似 ,均将受试的 16株蓝氏贾第虫分为明显的两组。结论 宿主及地理因素对蓝氏贾第虫群体的遗传多样性影响不大。在DNA分子进化水平上 ,自然选择的影响十分显著。可将tim基因作为蓝氏贾第虫群体遗传结构一个十分有效的遗传标记。
Resumo:
Micromachined comb-drive electrostatic resonators with folded-cantilever beams were designed and fabricated. A combination of Rayleigh's method and finite-element analysis was used to calculate the resonant frequency drift as we adjusted the device geometry and material parameters. Three micromachined lateral resonant resonators with different beam widths were fabricated. Their resonant frequencies were experimentally measured to be 64.5,147.2, and 255.5kHz, respectively, which are in good agreement with the simulated resonant frequency. It is shown that an improved frequency performance could be obtained on the poly 3C-SiC based device structural material systems with high Young's modulus.
Resumo:
<正>加卸载响应比(Yin et al.,2000)是一种中短期地震预测方法,该方法依据潮汐力在地震破裂面上引起的库仑破坏应力变化计算加卸载响应比,并根据其时间序列的演化预测未来地震。我们研究了长期构造加载在地震断层面上引起的应力场变化对加卸载响应比演化的调制作用,发展了一种使用震前应力积累区域取
Resumo:
针对核物理实验对核反应测量脉冲波形甄别系统的性能要求,提出了基于多片高速A/D和高端FPGA的数字化脉冲波形甄别系统设计方案。高速A/D完成对探测器输出波形信号的数字化,而后通过可编程的方式在FPGA内部采用先进的数字信号处理算法完成对信号的甄别,可以解决模拟电子线路对超大信号难以处理的问题,进而对探测器输出不同粒子特征进行准确提取,实现准确实时地触发高速数据采集主板系统。