26 resultados para 120-1

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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The key issues of engineering application of the dual gratings parallel matched interrogation method are expanding the measurable range, improving the usability, and lowering the cost by adopting a compact and simple setup based on existing conditions and improving the precision of the data-processing scheme. A credible and effective data-processing scheme based on a novel divisional look-up table is proposed based on the advantages of other schemes. Any undetermined data is belonged to a certain section, which can be confirmed at first, then it can be looked up in the table to correspond to microstrain by the scheme. It not only solves inherent problems of the traditional one (double value and small measurable range) but also enhances the precision, which improves the performance of the system. From the experimental results, the measurable range of the system is 525 mu epsilon, and the precision is +/- 1 mu epsilon based on normal matched gratings. The system works in real time, which is competent for most engineering measurement requirements. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

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微孔滤膜是近十多年来才迅速发展起来的一种快速、简便、有效的分析分离方法,能够分析分离亚微米级的细菌、微生物及颗粒,与其他经典的分析分离方法相比,具有省能、工程合理化、经济效益高、防止污染等优点。它主要应用在生物化学、医药工业、食品工业、环境保护、石油化工、半导体工业、航天工业等各领域,成为这些领域中提高产品质量和产量的必不可少的手段之一。在微孔滤膜发展史上,始终围绕着两个主要课体:一是膜材料的开发,三是新的制膜方法的探索,对于一些条件较苛刻的应用方面。如要求膜耐热、耐化学溶剂等,就必须从开发新的膜材料入手。长春应用化学研究所于1985年合成了一种新型含酞侧基聚芳醚酮,可溶在少数极性有机溶剂中,使其可能成为一种膜材料,由于材料本身的化学结构特殊,它具有很好的耐热性(Tg为228℃)和耐化学稳定性。本论文研究了新型耐高温材料PEK-C的成膜方法,摸索出四种以PEK-C为膜材质的制备微孔滤膜的方法,讨论了各种方法的配方及制膜条件,并对其膜应用性能进行了测试,得到了平均孔径在0.02-0.55μm范围、机械强度为3.0-9.0MPa的微孔滤膜。测试表明,该膜可耐热120℃以上,可在强酸、强碱、醇、醚及烷烃等化学试剂中使用。主要工作如下:1.水浴法制备微孔滤膜(1)三元体系水浴法:以DMF为溶剂、PEG-400为添加剂讨论了不同聚合物含量、添加剂含量、蒸发时间、膜厚、凝固浴温度等因素对膜性能的影响,还研究了聚合物、溶剂、添加剂三元体系中,溶剂的种类和添加剂种类对膜性能的影响。得到了平均孔径为0.02-0.15μm的不对称膜,它具有分级海棉状孔。(2)四元体系水浴法 在上述三元体系中加入第二添加剂表面活性剂,研究了上面各种影响因素,得到了水通量较三元体系水浴法更大的不对称膜。它是平均孔径为0.05-0.25μm的指状孔膜。2.水蒸汽法制备微孔滤膜:在聚合物、溶剂、第一、第二添加剂组成的四元体系中,以水蒸汽为沉淀剂制备了近似于对称的高水通量微孔滤膜,讨论了影响膜结构和膜性能的各种因素,得到了平均孔径为0.20-0.50μm的海棉状孔膜。3.自然蒸发凝冻法制备微孔滤膜:以聚合物、溶剂、PEG-400、表面活性剂组成的配方,控制一定的环境条件,使其在空气中发生相转化,讨论了各种影响因素,制备出平均孔径为0.25-0.55μm的海棉状孔对称膜,其水通量和强度较高。4.烧结法制备微孔滤膜:改变聚合物、氯化钠组成的二元体系配方、颗粒粒度、压机的压力和烧结时间等各种因素,讨论了这些因素对膜性能的影响。制备了孔径很大,孔径分布较宽的微孔滤膜。5.微孔滤膜性能测试 对以上几种方法得到的微滤膜,进行了耐热性,耐化学稳定性和机械性能测试。综上所述,首次制备了性能优良的聚芳醚酮微孔滤膜。与国内外同类膜相比,它有突出的耐热性和耐溶剂性,水通量高,可用在各种苛刻条件下的过滤,具有很大的工业应用前景。为高性能树腊聚芳醚酮在微孔滤膜方面的开发应用提供了可能。

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研究了基于3×3耦合器的非平衡迈克耳孙干涉仪的相位特性。由光纤耦合器的散射矩阵理论,推导出了当3×3耦合器分光比不均匀时,干涉仪三路输出信号相位差的表达式。根据实际使用的3×3耦合器各通道的插入损耗,经计算与修正得到其散射矩阵,并求出干涉仪三路输出信号的相位差分别为120.21°、120.77°和119.02°,与理想值120°的偏差在1°以内。实验测得的干涉仪三路输出信号的相位差随时间随机变化,经分析是由光偏振态随机变化引起的。相位差与理想值120°的偏离均在1°以内,符合理论分析得到的结论。

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以Tenax-TA、Carboxen 1000和Carbosieve SⅢ为采样管填充料,将植物源挥发性有机物吸附于采样管内,样品通过二次热解吸仪解吸后,随载气进入气相色谱仪,采用氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)测定,建立了利用二次热解吸仪与气相色谱联用技术测定植物挥发性有机物的分析方法。载气N2流速为30 mL/min,60℃下吹扫吸附管2 min,然后在250℃下解吸吸附管5 min,冷却1 min后,在275℃下解吸聚焦管3 min,样品经传输线进入气相色谱。气相色谱载气N2压力为190 kPa,FID检测器温度280℃;进样口温度225℃;初始柱温40℃,停留5 min,以2℃/min升温至120℃,保留1 min,然后以20℃/min升温至200℃,保留10 min。方法重现性好,精密度高,线性相关系数大于0.99;检出限均低于9×10-9g/L;解吸效率大于96%,适用于植物源挥发性有机物的测定。

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利用3个光能利用率模式(CASA,GLOPEM和GEOLUE)和2个生态过程机理模式(CEVSA和GEOPRO)以不同空间分辨率和不同输入参数对中国植被净生产力(NetPrimaryProduction,NPP)进行时空模拟,对5个模式模拟的中国的NPP进行了时间序列和空间格局的对比分析所得结论如下:CASA,GLOPEM及CEVSA3个模式对中国NPP的月、季和年的时空模拟符合中国植被季节变化规律和季风气候下的中国植被的空间变化规律,近20a来中国NPP变化趋势以增长为主;5个模式模拟的中国平均NPP季节的值为春季约为(0.571±0.2)GtC左右,夏季约为(1.573±0.4)GtC左右,秋季约为(0.6±0.2)GtC左右,冬季约为(0.12±0.1)GtC左右;中国植被净生产力年值约为(2.864±1)GtC/a;5个模式较好地模拟了中国不同类型生态群落的生物量的季节特征和空间格局状况.研究为中国利用造林、再造林、森林和农田管理等人为活动引起的碳增汇用于抵消中国承诺的温室气体减排指标的计算及碳收支平衡的研究提供参考,为植被净生产力总量的国家本底的确定提供了依据.

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The electrochemical behavior of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) bilayer on the glassy carbon (GC) electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry. The direct electron transfer of HRP was observed in the DMPC bilayer. Only a small cathodic peak was observed for HRP on the bare GC electrode. The electron transfer of HRP in the DMPC membrane is facilitated by DMPC membrane. UV-Vis and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy were used to study the interaction between HRP and DMPC membrane. On binding to the DMPC membrane the secondary structure of HRP remains unchanged while there is a substantial change in the conformation of the heme active site. Tapping mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) was first applied for the investigation on the structure of HRP adsorbed on supported phospholipid bilayer on the mica and on the bare mica. HRP molecules adsorb and aggregate on the mica without DMPC bilayer. The aggregation indicates an attractive interaction among the adsorbed molecules. The molecules are randomly distributed in the DMPC bilayer. The adsorption of HRP in the DMPC bilayer changes drastically the domains and defects in the DMPC bilayer due to a strong interaction between HRP and DMPC films.

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The pulse-shaping technique has found widespread applications in nonlinear optics and material processing. Experimental research on laser-induced plasma shutter to control the 532 nm pulse width is conducted. The impacts of the total pulse output energy on pulse compression are investigated, and a useful conclusion can be drawn that there exists an optimal value of pulse energy at which the shortest output pulse of 3.23 ns can be obtained without a device for delay-time. Once the device for delay-time is employed to change the optical differences between two laser paths, the pulse width can be further shortened to 1.51 ns. In short, the 1.5-12 ns width-tunable 532 nm laser pulses have been obtained by adopting the laser-induced plasma shutter technique. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.

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东海陆架是世界上最宽阔的陆架之一,面积达770 000 km2左右。在末次冰盛期(LGM),东海海平面下降120~130 m左右,绝大部分陆架暴露出海面。而冲绳海槽是第四纪以来一直保持海洋环境的东海深海区。本文以冲绳海槽北部PC-1岩芯为材料,通过分析该孔的孢粉,加上详细的AMS 14C测年,恢复了周边地区24 cal.kaBP以来的古植被,并推测古环境和古气候变化,重点讨论了LGM时期出露大陆架上发育的植被。 PC-1孔(31°27.5′N,128°24.8′E)位于黑潮支流对马暖流东侧,水深590 m,柱长812 cm。孢粉分析按间隔8 cm取样,个别为4~6 cm,共分析了103个孢粉样品。利用9个AMS 14C数据建立年龄标尺,用Calib5.1.0软件进行年龄校正。通过相邻样品深度的线性内插获得每个样品的年龄,采用外延法得到顶部和底部的校正年龄分别为351cal aBP、24 280 cal aBP,孢粉样品的时间分辨率平均为230 a。 根据孢粉百分比和沉积率的变化,可划分出四个带:Ⅰ带(812~715 cm,24.2~21.1 cal. kaBP)、Ⅱ带(715~451 cm,21.1~15.2 cal. kaBP)、Ⅲ带(451~251 cm,15.2~10.8 cal. kaBP)、Ⅳ带(251~0 cm,10.8~0.3 cal. kaBP),分别对应MIS 3末期、末次冰盛期、冰消期和全新世。末次冰盛期草本植物花粉占优势,孢粉沉积率较高,此时草本花粉主要来源于出露的大陆架,其上发育了以蒿属为主的草地植被,气候比较寒冷干燥;冰消期海平面开始回升,松属花粉含量升高,草本植物花粉含量下降;全新世以木本植物花粉占绝对优势,栗属-栲属花粉迅速增加,蕨类孢子含量升高,草本植物花粉含量锐减,孢粉沉积率降低,由于海平面回升,大陆架被淹没,此时孢粉主要来源于日本岛,九州地区生长了以栲属、栎属为主的常绿阔叶与落叶阔叶林,气候温暖湿润。 叶枝杉属花粉在整个岩芯中零星出现。叶枝杉属植物分布于菲律宾吕宋北部至塔斯马尼亚和新西兰气候潮湿的山地林中,该属花粉在岩芯中的出现,可能暗示了黑潮的影响或者是较强的夏季风。 草本植物与松属花粉百分比变化很好的反映了海平面的升降,松属花粉含量较高指示海平面较高。对岩芯中主要类型的花粉百分比进行了频谱分析,显示存在千年尺度的准周期变化,有明显的6.8,3.8,2.2,1.6 ka的周期。 孢粉样品中的炭屑统计表明,末次冰消期炭屑含量最高,可能因为末次冰消期降雨量增加,炭屑可被降水带到沉积地点沉积下来;全新世的炭屑浓度较高,尤其在晚全新世,出现了一个峰值,究其原因可能与气候变化和人类活动有关。

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目的 构建含有HIV-1 C亚型gp120基因重组腺病毒载体,并在293细胞中表达gp120蛋白.方法 PCR扩增,获得HIV-1 C亚型gp120片段,定向克隆入腺病毒转移载体pTrack-CMV,线性化后转化至含有腺病毒骨架载体pAd-easy-1的大肠埃希菌BJ5183,获得重组子prAd-gp120,PacⅠ酶切纯化后转染293细胞,包装成复制缺陷型重组腺病毒vAd-gp120.结果 经PCR、酶切及DNA测序,插入片段大小、方向正确,获得了具有感染力的vAd-gp120重组腺病毒;通过Western 印迹检测,重组腺病毒在293细胞中表达出分子量为120 kD的蛋白.结论 成功构建了含有HIV-1 C亚型gp120基因重组腺病毒载体,并获得该基因的表达.

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Trichosanthin (TCS) is a type I ribosome inactivating (RI) protein possessing anti-tumor and antiviral activity, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The mechanism of these actions is not entirely clear, but is generally attributed to its RI property. In order to study the relationship between the anti-HIV-1 activity of TCS and its RI activity, three TCS mutants with different RI activities were constructed by using site-directed mutagenesis. The anti-HIV-1 activities of the three mutants were tested in vitro. Results showed that two TCS mutants, namely TCSM((120-123)), TCSE160A/E189A, with the greatest decrease in RI activity, lost almost all of the anti-HIV activity and cytopathic effect. Another mutant TCSR122G, which exhibited a 160-fold decrease in RI activity, retained some anti-HIV activity. The results from this study suggested that RI activity of TCS may have significant contribution to its anti-HIV-1 property. (C) 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. on behalf of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies.