Kinetics of dissociative water adsorption on stepped Si(001), on Si(115), Si(113), Si(5,5,12) and Si(112)

We present photoelectron spectroscopic and low energy electron diffraction measurements of water adsorption on flat Si samples of the orientations (001), (115), (113), (5,5,12) and (112) as well as on curved samples covering continuously the ranges (001)-(117) and (113)-(5,5,12)-(112). On all orientations, water adsorption is dissociative (OH and H) and non-destructive. On Si(001) the sticking coefficient S and the saturation coverage Theta(sat) are largest. On Si(001) and for small miscuts in the [110]-azimuth, S is constant nearly up to saturation which proves that the kinetics involves a weakly bound mobile precursor state. For (001)-vicinals with high miscut angles (9-13 degrees), the step structure breaks down, the precursor mobility is affected and the adsorption kinetics changed. On (115), (113), (5,5,12) and (112), the values of S and Theta(sat) are smaller which indicates that not all sites are able to dissociate and bind water. For (113) the shape of the adsorption curves Theta versus exposure shows the existence of two adsorption processes, one with mobile precursor kinetics and one with Langmuir-like kinetics. On (5,5,12), two processes with mobile precursor kinetics are observed which are ascribed to adsorption on different surface regions within the large surface unit cell. From the corresponding values of S and Theta(sat), data for structure models are deduced. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.

核ICA在电流传感器相位差监测中的应用

介绍了核独立分量分析（ICA）的基本原理和算法，并将其用于对电流传感器输出的混合信号进行分离，通过比较分离出的单频测试信号输入前后的相位差，来标定传感器本身的相位差对其检测对象的影响。此外，还采用最大似然法对核ICA的分离效果进行评价。实验证明

条形半导体激光器光束质量因子M~2的理论计算

通过一个二维半矢量模型求得纯折射率导引脊形波导和掩埋波导这两种常见平面条形半导体激光器波导结构的模式光场分布，再通过描述光束传播的非傍轴矢量二阶矩理论，通过平面波谱的方法获得激光器出射光束在横向和侧向上的束腰、远场发散角和M~2因子。讨论了波导结构参量变化对M~2因子的影响，并对两种波导结构光束的性质与波导参量的关系进行了比较。

Electron diffraction and photoemission studies of clean and water-covered Si(5,5,12) and Si(112) surfaces

The structure of silicon surfaces in the orientation range (113)-(5,5,12)-(337)-(112) has been investigated using high resolution LEED and photoemission both on a spherical and on flat samples. We find that Si(5,5,12) [5.3 degrees from (113) and 0.7 degrees from (937)] is the only stable orientation between (113) and (111) and confirm the result of Baski et al. [Science 269, 1556 (1995)] that it has a 2 x 1 superstructure with a very large unit cell of 7.68 x 53.5 Angstrom(2). Adsorption measurements of water on Si(5,5,12) yield a mobile precursor kinetics with two kinds of regions saturating at 0.25 and 0.15 ML which are related to adsorption on different sites. Using these results, a modified structure model is proposed. Surfaces between (113) and (5,5,12) separate into facets of these two orientations; between (5,5,12) and (112), they separate into (5,5,12) and (111) facets. (337) facets in this range may be considered as defective (5,5,12) facets.

30MeV/u~(40)Ar+~(112,124)Sn反应中态布居核温度的同位旋效应

用 13单元望远镜探测器阵列测量了 30MeV u40 Ar +112 ,12 4Sn反应中小角关联粒子 ,由两体符合事件提取了α α关联函数 .用三体弹道理论模型MENEKA计算本底关联函数 ,用Monte Carlo方法计算探测效率函数 ,在扣除本底产额并考虑探测效率的修正后 ,对不同同位旋反应系统 40 Ar +112 Sn和 40 Ar+12 4Sn提取的相对态布居核温度分别是 4 .18±0 .2 50 .2 1MeV和 4 .10±0 .2 20 .2 0 MeV ;考察态布居核温度和粒子能量的关系时 ,观察到两个系统的发射温度均随着粒子能量的增加而降低 ,缺中子系统40 Ar +112 Sn中由低能时的 5 .13±0 .3 00 .2 6MeV降低到高能时的 3.87±0 .3 70 .2 9MeV ,丰中子系统 40 Ar +12 4Sn中由低能时的 5 .39±0 .3 00 .2 6MeV降低到高能时的 3.32±0 .2 80 .2 3 MeV .用激发热核衰变过程的同位旋选择性对这种同位旋相关性进行了解释

30MeV/u~(40)Ar+~(112,124)Sn反应后角能谱温度的同位旋效应

在 30MeV/u4 0 Ar +112 ,12 4 Sn反应中用平行板雪崩计数器实现了前冲余核的测量 .在不同的线性动量转移下用运动源模型拟合了后角的3 He,α和6He能谱 ,发现3 He的能谱斜率温度在12 4 Sn系统中高于112 Sn系统 ,而6He的温度在112 Sn系统中更高 ,α粒子在两个系统中没有明显差别 .用热核粒子蒸发过程衰变道的选择性对这种同位旋相关性进行了解释 .GEMINI的计算不能重现实验结果

35MeV/u~(36,40)Ar+~(112,124)Sn反应中同位旋自由度的弛豫

35MeV/u 36 ,40　Ar+ 112 ,12 4Sn反应中 ,在前角 5°和 2 0°观测到丰中子核与稳定核的产额比随粒子出射动能的增加而减小 ,而缺中子核与稳定核的产额比随动能的增加而增加 .对于某种元素 ,随着动能的减小 ,其平均中质比逐渐由弹核N/Z向靶核N/Z过渡 .这些现象表明在这样的入射能量下 ,周边或近周边碰撞过程中同位旋自由度没有完全达到平衡 .这种行为对两个靶核系统是相似的 ,但是同位素产额比的绝对值在 5°没有靶核相关性 ,而在 2 0°处却表现出明显的靶核相关性 .

Induction of cytogenetic adaptive response in spermatogonia and spermatocytes by pre-exposure of mouse testis to low-dose C-12(6+) ions

To investigate the effects of pre-exposure of mouse testis to low-dose C-12(6+) ions on cytogenetics of spermatogonia and spermatocytes induced by subsequent high-dose irradiation. the testes of outbred Kun-Ming strain mice were irradiated with 0.05 Gy of C-12(6+) ions as the pre-exposure dose, and then irradiated with 2 Gy as challenging dose at 4 h after per-exposure. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARPs) activity and PARP-1 protein expression were respectively measured by using the enzymatic and Western blot assays at 4 h after irradiation; chromosomal aberrations in spermatogonia and spermatocytes were analyzed by the air-drying method at 8 h after irradiation. The results showed that there was a significant increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations and significant reductions of PARP activity and PARP-1 expression level in the mouse testes irradiated with 2 Gy of C-12(6+) ions. However, pre-exposure of mouse testes to a low dose of C-12(6+) ions significantly increased PARPs activity and PARP-1 expression and alleviated the harmful effects induced by a subsequent high-dose irradiation. PARP activity inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB) treatment blocked the effects of PARP-1 on cytogenetic adaptive response induced by low-dose C-12(6+) ion irradiation. The data suggest that pre-exposure of testes to a low dose of heavy ions can induce cytogenetic adaptive response to subsequent high-dose irradiation. The increase of PARP-1 protein induced by the low-dose ionizing irradiation may be involved in the mechanism of these observations. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Shear Strength Measurements in LY-12 Aluminium Alloy During Shock Loading

Lateral stress of LY-12 alummium alloy under plate impact shock loading was measured. Based on the measured data, the Hugoniot relation and shear strength were obtained. The result has demonstrated that the shear strenath of the tested material increases remarkably with the increasing longitudinal stress. This means that the assumption of constant shear strength usually adopted in shock stress calculation is not suitable for the present material.

The Evolution of Fatigue bocks in Aluminum Alloy LY-12 under Shock beading

对LY12铝合金在低周疲劳条件下的裂纹情况和随后进行的动态拉伸条件下裂纹的发展给予了观察和统计分析。发现裂纹的累积数密度分布在损伤演化过程中保持指数形式,用NAG模型对实验结果进行分析,得出该材料裂纹演化发展方程的各种参数。

LY-12铝高温凝聚态动力学性质研究——高温冲塞剪切破坏强度的测量

本文介绍Ly-12铝合金从常温到400℃高温下,动态冲塞剪切破坏强度的测试及研究结果,并给出了该种材料静态压剪破坏强度的测量结果。在上述温度范围内,Ly-12铝的动态冲塞剪切破坏强度与其静态结果之比为1.3∶1～4∶1,表明随着温度的升高,动态的强度远大于同温度的静态结果。

LY-12铝高温凝聚态动力学性质研究——高温弹性模量的测定

金属材料的高温动态力学性能是材料科学领域中的重要方面。本文介绍LY-12合金铝在常温至450℃的温度区间内和动载下(应变率为 10~3/秒),材料弹性模量的研究。此项研究采用的试验装置为一维Hopkinson压杆及管式高温炉。应用一维弹性应力波传播理论,测得LY-12铝试件在不同温度T条件下的声速c(T),按照c(T)=[E(T)/ρ(T)]~(1/2),获得杨氏模量E(T)随温度的变化曲线。

结构弛豫对Zr_(64.13)Cu_(15.75)Ni_(10.12)Al_(10)块体非晶合金硬度和剪切带特征的影响

通过接近玻璃转变温度的等温退火获得不同弛豫状态的Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10块体非晶合金样品。利用维氏显微硬度计和洛氏硬度计研究结构弛豫对合金硬度和压痕周围剪切带特征的影响规律。结果表明:在590K等温退火处理使Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10块体非晶合金发生焓弛豫行为,其维氏显微硬度随退火时间的延长较快增加后趋于稳定,而大载荷洛氏硬度对结构弛豫不敏感。通过洛氏压痕周围剪切带特征的研究,定量比较了结构弛豫对剪切带间距、数量的影响规律。

熔液法晶体生长流场的数值模拟(英文)

本文给出了对二种熔液法生长晶体的液相流场进行的计算机模拟的结果,对CZ法晶体生长的定常流场数值计算,采用了二阶迎风QUICK差分格式的有限控制体积法,通过对12种不同参数的流场情况所作的计算表明,二阶QUICK格式具有更高的计算精度和数值稳定性。对离心机环境下的水平Bridgman晶体生长的流场进行了三维非定常的数值模拟。结果表明,在一定的旋转方向和旋转速率条件下,离心机环境中的Coriolis力对熔体振荡流动有致稳作用。计算结果符合以往实验的发现,并优于二维非定常模拟结果。

Numerical Study of Heat Transfer Mechanism in Turbulent Supercritical CO2 Channel Flow

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of supercritical CO2 turbulent channel flow has been performed to investigate the heat transfer mechanism of supercritical fluid. In the present DNS, full compressible Navier-Stokes equations and Peng-Robison state equation are solved. Due to effects of the mean density variation in the wall normal direction, mean velocity in the cooling region becomes high compared with that in the heating region. The mean width between high-and low-speed streaks near the wall decreases in the cooling region, which means that turbulence in the cooling region is enhanced and lots of fine scale eddies are created due to the local high Reynolds number effects. From the turbulent kinetic energy budget, it is found that compressibility effects related with pressure fluctuation and dilatation of velocity fluctuation can be ignored even for supercritical condition. However, the effect of density fluctuation on turbulent kinetic energy cannot be ignored. In the cooling region, low kinematic viscosity and high thermal conductivity in the low speed streaks modify fine scale structure and turbulent transport of temperature, which results in high Nusselt number in the cooling condition of the supercritical CO2.