29 resultados para 1174
em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal
Resumo:
An algorithm based on flux-corrected transport and the Lagrangian finite element method is presented for solving the problem of shock dynamics. It is verified through the model problem of one-dimensional strain elastoplastic shock wave propagation that the algorithm leads to stable, non-oscillatory results. Shock initiation and detonation wave propagation is simulated using the algorithm, and some interesting results are obtained. (C) 1999 Academic Press.
Resumo:
国家自然科学基金项目(30730032)
Resumo:
High-energy ion emission from intense-ultrashort (30fs) laser-pulse- cooled deuterium-cluster (80K) interaction is measured. The deuterium ions have an average energy 20keV, which greatly exceeds Zweiback's expectation [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 (2000) 2634]. These fast deuterium ions can be used to drive fusion and have a broad prospect.
Resumo:
采用矢量法设计了三硼酸锂(LiB3O5,LBO)晶体上1064nm、532nm、355nm和266nm四倍频增透膜.结果表明,在1064nm、532nm、355nm和266nm波长的剩余反射率分别为0.0019%、0.0031%、0.0061%和0.0047%.根据容差分析,薄膜制备时沉积速率准确度控制在+6.5%时,基频、二倍频、三倍频和四倍频波长的剩余反射率分别增加至0.24%、0.92%、2.38%和4.37%.当薄膜材料折射率的变化控制在+3%时,1064nm波长的剩余反射率增大为0.18%,532nm、355nm和266nm波长分别达0.61%,0.59%,0.20%.与薄膜物理厚度相比,膜层折射率对剩余反射率的影响大.对膜系敏感层的分析表明,在1064nm和266nm波长,从入射介质向基底过渡的第二层膜厚度变化对剩余反射率的影响最大,其次是第一膜层.在532nm和355nm波长,从入射介质向基底过渡的第一和第四膜层是该膜系的敏感层.误差分析也表明,薄膜材料的色散对特定波长的剩余反射率具有明显影响,即1064nm、532nm、355nm和266nm波长的剩余反射率分别增加至0.30%、0.23%、0.58%和3.13%.
Resumo:
本研究在野外调查的基础上,采用随机扩增多态DNA (RAPD)分析和形态学方法,研究了我国三种珍稀濒危兰科植物硬叶兜兰(Paphiopedilummicranthum)、麻栗坡兜兰(P. malipoense)和独花兰(Changnienia amoena)的遗传多样性与群体遗传结构,主要结果如下: 1.采用1 2个引物对分布于我国云贵地区的4个硬叶兜兰群体共161个体进行RAPD扩增和分析,得出物种水平的多态条带百分率(PPB)为71.6%,Nci的基因多样度(h)为0.217,Shannon多样性指数(1)为0.3301;4个群体的平均多样性水平为PPB=45.2%,h=0.1457,1= 0.2204:低于远交兰花的平均水平。分子方差分析(AMOVA)表明,在总遗传变异中,群体间遗传变异占20.31%.群体内占79.69%;POPGENE给出的基因分化系数 (Gst)为0.2958;遗传分化略高于远交物种的平均水平。空间自相关分析表明,所检测的两个群体中存在明显的空间结构,基因型在群体中以不同的小斑块存在。遗传距离和空间距离不存在相关关系。 2.用于麻栗坡兜兰的RAPD引物同上,但取样范围只有贵州的2个群体共10个个体。就所研究的个体柬看,麻栗坡兜兰的遗传多样性明显低于远交兰花物种的平均水平。物种水平上,多态条带百分率(PPB)为49.5%。Nei的基因多样度(h)为0. 1174, Shannon多样性指数(I)为0.1764:在群体水平上,上述三个指标的平均值则分别为12. 75%、0.0486和0.0712,均大大低于硬叶兜兰。然而,尽管作了种种努力,麻栗坡兜兰的取样个体数量仍很少,因此所得结果可能会有误差。 3.用16个引物对分布于河南、湖北、湖南、江西4个省11个独花兰群体共216个体进行了RA PD扩增和分析,独花兰在物种水平PPB=80. 7%,h=0.197.1=0. 3116;在群体水平,上述三个指标的平均值则分别为40. 9%、0.1247和0. 1902,均低于远交兰花的平均水平。AMOVA分析表明,11个独花兰群体间的遗传变异占43.48%,群体内的占56.52%:在神农架和新宁地区内部,群体间的遗传变异分别占13.68%和49.3g%(AMOVA)。POPGENE给出的11个群体的基因分化系数(Gst)为0.3580.神农架和新宁地区内的Gst,值分别为0.1194和0.2597。可见,群体间的遗传分化明显高于远交物种的平均水平。空间自相关分析表明,独花兰的遗传变异在群体内不存在明显的空间结构。群体之间的遗传距离和空间距离不存在相关关系。 4.对独花兰7个群体形态性状的分析发现,12个形态性状在群体内均有较高的变异性,cv值变动于0.022-0.30O。庐山群体(LS)在所有性状上的平均值均为最高。营养性状和花部性状的变异性基本一致。除花葶长和花距直径与某些花部性状之间没有显著的相关关系外,各性状之间均有显著的相关性。对XN4群体的统计没有发现假磷茎数目与其他性状之间存在显著相关性。 根据以上对硬叶兜兰、麻粟坡兜兰和独花兰遗传多样性和群体遗传结构韵研究,结合其他方面的资料;对三种兰花的濒危机制进行了初步的分析。首先,人为采挖和破坏是导致这些兰花物种濒危的直接原因,尤其是麻栗坡兜兰。其次, 适宜兰花生存的生境正在只益萎缩、退化和片段化。这两方面因素的共同作用导致上述兰花群体的数目和规模日益下降,由此引发的遗传多样性降低和遗传结构的改变进一步加剧其濒危状况。对于独花兰而言,较低的繁殖能力又使其生存状态雪上加霜。针对三个物种不同的繁殖特性和遗传学状况,提出如下保护措施。(1)硬叶兜兰由于繁殖能力较强、现存个体尚多,遗传多样性损失不甚严重,因此以保护其所在的生境为基础、实施原位保护,是比较合适的保护策略。(2)麻粟坡兜兰目前受破坏程度非常严重;所剩个体很少,遗传多样性较低,已经很难进行有效的原位保护。因此;应利用迁地保护手段抢救目前尚存的个体。(3)独花兰的繁殖能力较弱,因此在保护生境和严禁采摘的基础上,可采用人工授粉等方式,提高结实率、增加繁殖效率,促使其复壮:在进行迁地保护时,则应注意不同群体间存在较大遗传变异而群体内多样性较低这一现实。
Resumo:
山东曲阜师范大学科研启动基金资助
Resumo:
研究了单细胞铜绿微囊藻和三种丝状蓝藻(水华束丝藻、水华鱼腥藻及土生席藻)间的相互作用,包括以下两个方面的内容:①铜绿微囊藻细胞滤出液对水华束丝藻、水华鱼腥藻及土生席藻生长的影响;②水华束丝藻、水华鱼腥藻及土生席藻细胞滤出液对铜绿微囊藻生长的影响.研究发现,当滤出液浓度为60%(滤出液与BG11的体积比为3:2)时,制绿微囊藻细胞滤出液对水华束丝藻、水华鱼腥藻的生长有显著促进效果,尤其对水华束丝藻的作用更加明屁;对土生席藻的生长却起着微弱的抑制作用,仅表现于100%细胞滤出液中,对铜绿微囊藻而言,土生席藻细
Resumo:
对2002年5月—2003年7月采自青海湖的1174尾青海湖裸鲤样本年龄进行了耳石鉴定,并依据年龄推算了生长率。青海湖裸鲤体长与体重的关系为:W=0.000174×L2.4990(♀)、W=0.0000402×L2.7538(♂),雌、雄个体生长差异显著。其体长Von Bertalanffy生长方程为:Lt=551.9301(1-e-0.0711(t+0.3044))(♀),Lt=682.8688(1-e-0.0530(t+0.4240))(♂);体重Von Bertalanffy生长方程为:Wt=123
Resumo:
An acute toxicity experiment was conducted to examine the distribution and depuration of microcystins (MCS) in crucian carp (Carassius aurutus) tissues. Fish were injected intraperitoneally with extracted MCs at a dose of 200 mu g MC-LR (where L = leucine and R = arginine) equivalent/kg body weight. Microcystin concentrations in various tissues and aquaria water were analyzed at 1, 3, 12, 24, and 48 h postinjection using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Microcystins were detected mainly in blood (3.99% of injected dose at 1 h), liver (1.60% at I h), gonad (1.49% at 3 h), and kidney (0.14% at 48 h). Other tissues, such as the heart, gill, gallbladder, intestine, spleen, brain, and muscle, contained less than 0.1% of the injected MCs. The highest concentration of MCs was found in blood (526-3,753 ng/g dry wt), followed by liver (103-1,656 ng/g dry wt) and kidney (279-1,592 ng/g dry wt). No MC-LR was detectable in intestine, spleen, kidney, brain, and muscle, whereas MC-RR was found in all examined fish tissues, which might result from organ specificity of different MCs. Clearance of MC-RR in brain tissue was slow. In kidney, the MC-RR content was negatively correlated with that in blood, suggesting that blood was important in the transportation of MC-RR to kidney for excretion.
Resumo:
High quality silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were grown directly from n-(111) silicon single crystal substrate by using Au film as a metallic catalyst. The diameter and length of the formed nanowires are 30-60 nm and from several micrometers to sereral tens of micrometers, respectively. The effects of Au film thickness, annealing temperature, growth time and N-2 gas flow rate on the formation of the nanowires were experimentally investigated. The results confirmed that the silicon nanowires with controlled diameter, length, shape and orientation can be obtained via reasonably choosing and optimizing various technical conditions. The formation process of the silicon nanowires is analyzed qualitatively based on solid-liquid-solid growth mechanism.