边坡稳定性分析极限平衡法的简化条件

边坡稳定性分析极限平衡法在求解安全系数时,需要对条块间内力引入假定条件或某些平衡条件在求解时得不到满足.分析这些不同的假设条件对于计算结果的影响,建立一个满足极限平衡原理和合理性条件的数值优化模型.引入载荷系数,利用载荷系数与安全系数之间的单调关系,将模型的求解转化为求解一系列线性规划问题,算法中不存在数值收敛问题,且可以求出安全系数的全局最优解.通过对模型各个约束条件的变化来模拟引入的假定条件,以此探讨各种假定条件或静力平衡条件的缺失对计算结果影响及某些常用方法引入的假定条件可能带来的误差.

Application of Optical Protein-chip in Detecting Phage M13KO7

Abstract: Avidin layer was bound on the substrate surface of Silicon wafer modified with aldehyde. The interaction between avidin and biotin was adopted for the immobilization of mouse monoclonal biotin-anti-M13 (antibody GP3)-labeled biotin. The surface was incubated in a solution containing phage M13KO7, which was trapped by the antibody GP3 with the interaction between phage M13KO7 and antibody GP3, resulting in a variation of layer thickness that was detected by imaging ellipsometry. The results showed a saturated layer of antibody GP3 with a thickness about 6.9 nm on the surface of the silicon wafer. The specific interaction between phage M13KO7 and antibody GP3 resulted in a variation of layer thickness. The layer of phage M13KO7 bound with antibody GP3 was 17.5 nm in the concentration of 1.1×1010 pfu/mL. Each variation of the layer thickness corresponded to a concentration of phage M13KO7 in the range of 0.1×1010–2.5×1010 pfu/mL, with the sensitivity of 109 pfu/mL. Compared with other methods, the optical protein-chip, requiring only short measurement time, label free, is a quantitative test, and can be visualized. This study could be significant on the interactions between the antibody and the virus, showing potential in the early diagnosis of virosis.

Transmission Electron Microscopy Characterization of Laser Welding Cast Ni-Based Superalloy K418 Turbo Disk And Alloy Steel 42Crmo Shaft

Microstructure characterization is important for controlling the quality of laser welding. In the present work, a detailed microstructure characterization by transmission electron microscopy was carried out on the laser welding cast Ni-based superalloy K418 turbo disk and alloy steel 42CrMo shaft and an unambiguous identification of phases in the weldment was accomplished. It was found that there are gamma-FeCrNiC austenite solid solution dendrites as the matrix, (Nb, Ti) C type MC carbides, fine and dispersed Ni-3 Al gamma' phase as well as Laves particles in the interdendritic region of the seam zone. A brief discussion was given for their existence based on both kinetic and thermodynamic principles. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Computer Simulation Of Random Sphere Packing In An Arbitrarily Shaped Container

Most simulations of random sphere packing concern a cubic or cylindric container with periodic boundary, containers of other shapes are rarely studied. In this paper, a new relaxation algorithm with pre-expanding procedure for random sphere packing in an arbitrarily shaped container is presented. Boundaries of the container are simulated by overlapping spheres which covers the boundary surface of the container. We find 0.4 similar to 0.6 of the overlap rate is a proper value for boundary spheres. The algorithm begins with a random distribution of small internal spheres. Then the expansion and relaxation procedures are performed alternately to increase the packing density. The pre-expanding procedure stops when the packing density of internal spheres reaches a preset value. Following the pre-expanding procedure, the relaxation and shrinking iterations are carried out alternately to reduce the overlaps of internal spheres. The pre-expanding procedure avoids the overflow problem and gives a uniform distribution of initial spheres. Efficiency of the algorithm is increased with the cubic cell background system and double link data structure. Examples show the packing results agree well with both computational and experimental results. Packing density about 0.63 is obtained by the algorithm for random sphere packing in containers of various shapes.

M_∞→1时圆球绕前体流场的数值模拟

本文根据来流马赫数Ｍ∞选取坐标变换函数，将Ｍ∞→１时的低超声速回球绕流前体流场变换到矩形的计算区域，忽略粘性影响，采用时间相关法，用ＴＶＤ有限差分格式求Ｅｕｌｅｒ方程的定常解，得到了Ｍ∞＝１．０５、１．０１和１．００５的流场分布。结果与弹道靶的实验吻合较好

具有滞迟耗能装置的高层建筑结构的随机响应分析

本文提出了一个近似分析具有滞迟耗能装置的高层建筑的方法。结构被模拟为一个具有滞迟非线性支座的悬臂梁。其控制方程由Ritz法导出,用等效线性化方法分析。此方法很省机时,故可方便地用于分析不同参数对响应的影响。数值计算结果显示,使用钢丝绳隔振器加粘弹性阻尼层有较好的减震效果,故推荐它作为一种抗震耗能装置。

爆炸焊接飞板运动的研究

本文通过量纲分析指出,爆炸焊接飞扳运动是几何相似的。不过,由于起爆端端部稀疏波的作用,飞板运动存在着非稳定运动段,在该段内确定飞板极大动态弯折角的相似参数有两个:一个是R;一个是炸药厚度与爆轰波波阵面距起爆端距离之比he/VDt。在稳定运动段内,确定飞板极大动态弯折角的相似参数只有一个R。试验结果证明,最纲分析的结论是正确的;并确定了he/V_(Dt)=0.04是稳定运动和非稳定运动的分界,它是制定大厚度扳焊接方案的依据之一。

不可压缩粘性导电流体一维定常及不定常流动问题

<正> 1.引言 磁流体力学与流体力学的区别之一是有些物理量不能事先给定,这使得在确定边界条件时会遇到困难。例如,在一般情况下,磁场的边界值不能事先给定。因为当导电流体运动时,感应电流也将产生磁场,就使外加磁场发生畸变。忽视这一点,会使求出的解与实际情况不符。

圆柱高雷诺数层流非定常运动初期流动

本文用离散涡位流理论与边界层理论相结合的方法,研究高雷诺数、不可压、层流情况下圆柱非定常运动的初期流动(圆柱由静止突然起动而后保持匀速运动),给出了柱后旋涡发展的详细过程;流场分布、边界层分离点及阻力等随时间的变化规律。本文耦合计算结果包含了流动过程中边界层、外流与近尾迹三者的相互作用。计算所得的旋涡发展与实验显示的图象十分相似,物面压力与速度分布合理,阻力计算与实验结果相符很好。在分离点耦合计算中将stratford方法应用到准定常边界层情况,计算方法简单结果也较满意。对于准定常变化前分离产生的离散涡,其脱落时间和初始位置,本文根据非定常M. R. S. 分离准则确定。文中还讨论了这些离散涡对柱后旋涡发展及流动的影响。

数控脉冲式X光同步机的研制和应用

本文介绍一种控制多台脉冲X光机同步运行的新型同步机。它具有抗干扰能力强,精度高,使用方便等特点。本文还对干扰机制和抗干扰措施以及仪器使用中如何保证可控精度的问题进行了探讨,并给出了应用结果——雷管爆炸、聚能射流等动态过程不同瞬态的X光照片。

共转圈的奇异性对盘状星系密度波的影响

在气体动力学的星系盘模型中,本文讨论了边际稳定性时共转圈奇异性对中性密度波的影响。结果表明,共转圈奇异性对波的色散关系的影响是全局性的。计算了与银河系相类似的星系模型。共转圈附近波的群速度与自由密度波的关系有很大差异,能够严重地改变密度波传播的能流迴路。除非特定星系模型严格不存在共转奇异性,共转点不会是双零转向点。

An analysis of the effects of symmetrical tilt grain boundaries on the plastic deformation

A numerical investigation on the simple polycrystals containing three symmetrical tilt grain boundaries (GBs) is carried out within the framework of crystal plasticity which precisely considers the finite deformation and finite lattice rotation as well as elastic anisotropy. The calculated results show that the slip geometry and the redistribution of stresses arising from the anisotropy and boundary constraint play an important role in the plastic deformation in the simple polycrystals. The stress level along GB is sensitive to the load level and misorientation, and the stresses along QB are distributed nonuniformly. The GB may exhibit a softening or strengthening feature, which depends on the misorientation angle. The localized deformation bands usually develop accompanying the GB plastic deformation, the impingement of the localized band on the GB may result in another localized deformation band. The yield stresses with different misorientation angles are favorably compared with the experimental results.