46 resultados para 1061

em Chinese Academy of Sciences Institutional Repositories Grid Portal


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Carbon-nanotube sCNTd-reinforced hydroxyapatite composite coatings have been fabricated by laser surface alloying. Microstructural observation using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy showed that a large amount of CNTs remained with their or

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Investigations on the aging hardening behavior of four Al-Li-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys were carried out using differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy and hardness measurement. It is shown that the addition of Li inhibits the formation of Zn-rich G.P. zones in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys. The dominant aging hardening precipitates is delta'(Al3Li) phase. Coarse T ((AlZn)(49)Mg-32) phase, instead of MgZn2, precipitates primarily on grain boundaries, and provides little strengthening. The multi-stop aging involving plastic deformation introduces in the matrix a high concentration of structural defects. These defects play different role on the nucleation of Zn-rich G.P. zones in different alloys. For the Li free alloy, structural defects act as vacancy sinks and tend to suppress the homogeneous precipitation of G.P. zones, while for the Li containing alloys, these defects promote the heterogeneous nucleation of G.P. zones and metastable MgZn2. A significant aging hardening effect is attained in deformed Li containing alloys due to the extra precipitation of fine MgZn2 in the matrix combined with deformation hardening.

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The dynamic stress intensity factor history for a semi-infinite crack in an otherwise unbounded elastic body is analyzed. The crack is subjected to a pair of suddenly-applied point loadings on its faces at a distance L away from the crack tip. The exact expression for the mode I stress intensity factor as a function of time is obtained. The method of solution is based on the direct application of integral transforms, the Wiener-Hopf technique and the Cagniard-de Hoop method. Due to the existence of the characteristic length in loading this problem was long believed a knotty problem. Some features of the solutions are discussed and graphical result for numerical computation is presented.

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The fluorescence emission from indole resulting from two-color two-photon (2C2P) excitation with 400 and 800 nm wavelengths is observed, using the second harmonic and fundamental wavelength of a 800 nm 40 fs pulsed Ti:Sapphire femtosecond (fs) regenerative amplifier operating at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. By delaying one fs laser pulse relative to the other, the cross correlation of fluorescence is observed, which indicates the generation of 2C2P fluorescence signal in the experiment. The strongest 2C2P fluorescence emission characterized by the peak of cross correlation curve suggests optimal temporal overlap of the two fs laser pulses. The 2C2P fluorescence signal is linearly dependent on the total excitation intensity. The fluorescence signals with 400 nm and 800 nm irradiation alone are also demonstrated and discussed in this paper. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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本研究通过探讨毛乌素沙地主要犀生植物和中生植物的冰分关系。对“翠生植物”的概念作了进一步的分析和阐述,探讨了燕腾作用、光合作用的气孔调节与植物叶片水分平衡的相互关系,并提出了以蒸腾“午休一为基础的关于捌分植物水分生态类型的新概念。上述问题的探讨可作为对中圈毛乌素沙化草地植物环境系统优化模式的水平衡假说的验证。 探讨了为合理确定在研究地区种蕈造林的最佳密度所需进一步研究的内容:水分亏缺对植物量累积的抑制作用。并对该地区主要植物种的季节蒸腾耗水量作了估算。 研究了依赖于主导环境因子的沙生植物蒸腾速率的回归模型。得出结论认为:对手蒸腾速率和叶面积指数,建立多元非线性回归可以取得较好结果。 最后,对几个重要的蒸散预测模型和土壤水分运动的物理模型进行了评述,并探讨了这些模型对于干旱区蒸散预测研究的可行性,作为本研究的未来探讨的课题。

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海洋微藻是海洋生态系统中最主要的初级生产者,也是海洋生物资源的重要来源。许多海洋微藻富含对人体具有重要的生理作用与保健功能的长链多不饱和脂肪酸,因此,筛选富含EPA、DHA等长链多不饱和脂肪酸的微藻和利用人工培养方法提高这些脂肪酸的产量是当前海洋生物学研究领域的热点之一。在本研究中,我们对被中科院海洋所定名为“Chlorella sp”(编号为1061)的一种海洋微藻的化学分类、甘油脂及其脂肪酸组成和外源葡萄糖和抗氧化剂(硫代硫酸钠)对这种微藻的脂肪酸含量的影响进行了研究,取得了以下主要结果。 海洋微藻是我固海水养殖中广泛使用的优良饵料藻。脂类物质是微藻最重要的营养指标之一,在本研究中,我们首先分析了被中科院海洋所定名为“Chlorellasp”的海洋微藻中的甘油脂及其脂肪酸种类和组成特点。结果表明,Chlorella sp.中的非极性脂主要为三脂酰甘油,极性甘油脂有10种。其中,一般培养条件下(温度23℃:光照,周期L/D14:10,强度60umolm-2-S-l)三脂酰甘油约占总脂的31 mol%,极性甘油脂约占总脂的69 rriol%。10种极性甘油脂是单半乳糖甘油二脂( monogalactosyldiacylglycerol. MGDG)、 双半乳糖甘油二脂( diagalactosyldiacylglycerol , DGDG)、 硫代异鼠李糖甘油二脂( sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol,SQDG)、磷脂酰甘油(phosphatatidylglycerol,PG)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(phosphatidylethanolamine,PE)、磷脂酰胆碱( phosphatidylcholine,PC)、磷脂酰肌醇(phosphatidylinositol,PI)、磷脂酰丝氨醴(phosphatidylserine,Ps)、l,2-二酰基甘油-0-4,.(ⅣMⅣ-三甲基)高丝氨酸(diacylglyceryltrimethylhomoserine,DGTS)以及一种未能完全肯定,但可能是一中氯硫脂( chlorosulfolipid,CSL)。其中MGDG、DGDG、SQDG和PG是构成光合膜的主要成分,也是Chlorella sp中的主要极性脂。甜菜碱脂DGTS和磷脂PC是构成非光合膜的主要组分。Chlorella sp.中的主要脂肪酸为C16:0、C16:1耜C20:5(EPA),后者主要存在于MGDG、DGDG和DGTS中,而三脂酰甘油也含有接近7%的EPA。 海洋微藻Chlorella sp.1061虽然被归属到绿藻纲绿藻目小球藻属,但是我们的研究表明,其色素、极性脂皮其脂肪酸组成与其它小球藻属藻类存在这很大差异Chl b是绿藻纲藻类中最主要的光合色素之一,1 6:4(n-3)和l 8:3(n-3)是绿藻微藻的主要脂肪酸,然而所有这些绿藻的特征化合物均未在Chlorella sp. 1061中检测到。DGTS和20:5(n-3)存在于很多的海洋微藻中,我们从Chlorella sp. 1061 中分离到占总极性甘油脂8 mo1%的DGTS,并从MGDG、DGDG和DGTS等极性甘油脂中检测到大量的20:5(n-3)。但是一般认为,小球藻属藻类中不舍这两种化合物。根据Chlorella sp. 1061的以上特点,这种藻不应该被归到小球藻属中。另外,由于Chlorella sp. 1061在色素、膜脂和脂肪酸组成特征方面大眼藻纲( Eustigmatophyceae)中的微绿球藻(Nannochloropsis)非常相似,因此,我们认为ChloreHa sp. 1061可能是Nannochloropsis中的一个种。但是未得到更进一步的证明和权威的认可之前,本文中我们仍然沿用ChloreHa sp,这一名称。 许多藻类中DGTS和PC -般不会同时存在,或者说一个存在时另外的一个的含量非常低。由此有人认为DGTS和PC之间存在着相互替代的关系。然而本研究中发现正常培养条件下Chlorella sp.中的DGTS和PC含量均较高(约10%)。磷处理实验结果表明,磷缺乏时Chlore Ha sp,中DGTS舍量大幅升高,而同时PC含量相应下降许多:但高浓度的磷并不能提高PC含量和降低DGTS含量,说明Chlorella sp,中DGTS仍可起替代PC的作用,然而PC可能并不能替代DGTS。Chlorella sp.中MGDG和DGTS脂肪酸组成及其位置分布结果显示,它们的组成和分布相似;在老化培养过程中MGDG和DGTS表现出周期性的相反的含量升高、降低的趋势,这进一步说明MGDG和DGTS之间存在着特殊的关系,MGDG可能合成自DGTS。 海洋微藻富含有利于人体健康的长链不饱和脂肪酸,如何提高微藻脂肪酸特别是多不饱和脂肪酸产量是目前研究的热点之一。本文首次报道了同时加入葡萄糖和硫代硫酸钠对Chlorelta sp,的生长、脂类组成和脂肪酸总产量的影响,结果显示葡萄糖和硫代硫酸钠存在明显而且强烈的互作,二者在培养液中的同时存在显著刺激了脂肪酸总产量的积累,在培养液中分别加入2.5 mM的葡萄糖和5mM的硫代硫酸钠,脂肪酸的产量可以比对照提高78%。而低浓度的葡萄糖和硫代硫酸钠对Chlorella sp.脂肪酸组成影响变化不明显,甚至在硫代硫酸钠存在下令人感兴趣的EPA含量还略有升高。显然,在Chlorella sp.培养中同时加入低浓度的葡萄糖和硫代硫酸钠是极具潜力的提高脂产量的方法,也可作为提高培养微藻其它活性物质产量借鉴的方法。在不久的将来,这种培养方法很可能发展成为生产实践中提高Chlore sp.乃至其它微藻脂肪酸、EPA和其它活性物质产量的经济有效的新途径。

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本发明涉及一种大蹼铃蟾博玛津蛋白及其基因和在制药中的应用,属于生物医学领域。大蹼铃蟾博玛津蛋白是从中国两栖类动物大蹼铃蟾皮肤分泌物中分离得到的一种单链多肽,氨基酸全序列为:NH2GFPIYEIDNRPGCYVDPAERVACAGAGVTKAECKAKGCCFISARRNTIWCFKLKESADAWKCAVPMNTRVACAGAGVTPAECKGKGCCFSSYYGTV WCFKPQE-COOH)编码大蹼铃蟾博玛津蛋白的基因的cDNA由1061个核苷酸组成,编码成熟血小板活化蛋白为第67-378位核苷酸。博玛津具有诱导血小板活化、抑制胃溃疡的作用,可作为血小板聚集诱导剂和制备胃溃疡药物的应用。

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基因的复制、融合以及基因的水平转移是许多蛋白质包括氨酚t RNA合成酶(aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase , AARS)进化过程中的常见事件。然而作者研究的结果显示,苯丙氨酚 t RNA合成酶( phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase , PheRS)的进化主要表现为 一些结构域的丢失;并且这种结构域的丢失不影响Phe RS的功能或活性。通常在生物从细菌到真核生物的进化过程中,其基因组的大小和基因的数目都有所增加,然而有趣的是,真核生物中Phe RS的结构域类型和数目都明显少于细菌的Phe RS oPhe RS通过结构域的丢失而进化的现象,似乎与某些AARS功能由多重专一性向单一专一性的演化有着“异曲同工”之妙。

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The gene duplication, fusion and horizontal transfer are the frequent events during evolution of many proteins, including the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs). However, in this work, it was shown that the main event during evolution of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (PheRS) is a domain loss, and the function/activity of PheRS is not affected by domain losing. Generally, the size of genome and number of genes are increased during evolution from bacteria to eukaryote, but the interesting thing is that the type and number of PheRS domains in eukaryotae are obviously less than those in bacteria. The evolution of PheRS by domain losing seems to be related to the functional evolution of some AARSs from the multiple specificities to the single specificity.