Isolation and characterization of miscellaneous terpenoids of Schisandra chinensis

Two new bisnortriterpenoids with 18-norschiartane skeleton, wuweizidilactones G (1) and H (2), four new highly oxygenated nortriterpenoids based on a schisanartane skeleton, schindilactones D-G (3-6), a pre-schisanartane skeleton, pre-schisanartanin B (7)

树鼩(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)花斑病的研究

树鼩作为一种实验动物已在许多实验室驯养繁殖. 在进入家养条件下, 由于环境的改变可能导致一系列生理功能和病理变化. 在作者实验室饲养的树鼩中, 有部分树鼩出现块状脱毛现象. 作者进行了临床检查. 血液氨基酸, 矿物质和睾酮含量的测定。

树qu(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)的脊神经丛

树qu脊神经丛的研究结果: 颈丛恒定由C_(2-4)组成, 但各条神经的组成不十分恒定; 没有真正的舌下袢, 支配肩胛舌骨肌、胸骨舌骨肌和胸骨甲状肌的神经仅来自C_(10); C_(4)和C_(5)为膈神经的恒定成分, 其变化范围为C_(3-7); 臂丛由C_(5)-T_(2)组成, 结合为三干三索; 肩胛上神经在组成上有变化, 可由C_(5,6)或C_(5-7)组成; 腰骶丛由L_(1)-S_(2)或L_(2)-S_(2)组成;腰骶丛各条神经的组成有一定的变化, 似乎没有一条神经在其神经根组成上是恒定不变的。图5参21

树鼩(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)消化系统解剖和组织学观察

该文对云南产中国树鼩的消化系统作了大体解剖和组织学观察, 在此基础上描述了树鼩消化系统的主要特征, 并与其他有关种类作了比较和讨论。

树qu(Tupaia belangeri Chinensis)的动脉

中国树qu动脉系的主要特征与树qu科中的其他种类如笔尾树qu、普通树qu和 地树qu等的动脉系极为相似,而与灵长类中的猿猴类有较大差异。图4参14

树Qu(Tupaia belangeri Chinensis)卵巢的显微结构及不同季节的卵巢活动

树Qu卵巢的间质腺组织稀少,但普遍有“睾丸索”型的髓质索结构。卵泡发育过程类似于大多数哺乳类和灵长类。孕期黄体和副黄体结构见于7月份 ,10月份未见孕期卵巢结构,多数卵巢缺乏生长活性的大囊状卵泡的发育,表明树Qu的卵巢活动同睾丸的精子发生一样,有季节性变化。图版1表3参14

Responses to seasonal changes in nutrient quality and patchiness of food in a multigroup community of Tibetan macaques at Mt. Emei

Provisioning along pedestrian trails by tourists much increased the nutrient quality and patchiness of food (NqPF)for Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana) at Mt Emei in spring and summer. In the habitat at a temperate-subtropical transition zone, the mncaque's NqPF could be ordered in a decreasing rank from spring summer to autumn to winter With the aid of a radio-tracking system, I collected ranging data on a multigroup community in three 70-day periods representing the different seasons in 1991-92, Rank-order correlation on the data show that with the decline of NqPF; the groups tended to increase days away from the trail, their effective range size (ERS) their exclusive area (EA) and the number of days spent in the EA, and reduced their group/community density and the ratio of the overlapped range to the seasonal range (ROR). In icy/snowy winter; the macaques searched for mature leaves slowly and carefully in the largest seasonal range with a considerable portion that was nor used in other seasons. Of the responses, the ROR decreased with the reduction in group/community density; and the ERS was the function of both group size (+) and intergroup rank (-) when favorite food was highly clumped. All above responses were clearly bound to maximize foraging effectiveness and minimize energy expenditure, and their integration in term of changes in time and space leads to better understanding macaque ecological adaptability. Based on this study and previous work on behavioral and physiological factors, I suggest a unifying theory of intergroup interactions. Ir! addition, as the rate of behavioral interactions,was also related to the group density, I Waser's (1976) gas model probably applies to behavioral, as well as spatial, data on intergroup interactions.