影响幼儿层级类概念动态发展因素的研究

Three experiments were conducted in the attempt to understand the development of hierarchical classification. The 3-and 4-year-olds as well as hindergartners were given matching or object sorting tasks with either basic-level or superordinate relations. The results indicated: 1. Even 3-year-olds can consistently sort at the basic level. However, children perform poorly at the superordinate level, and there are developmental differences in the ability to sort at this level. 2. The perceptual similarity of stimulus materials, various competing organizations and the different ways of dealing with superordinate categories, depending on whether the categories are explicitly or implicitly represented for the child, are all factors appear to contribute to children's hierarchical classification.