Species；valve size；and pretreatment effects on delta O-18 and delta C-13 values of ostracod valves from Lake Qinghai；Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

IEECAS SKLLQG

Sea surface temperature reconstruction for the middle Okinawa Trough during the last glacial-interglacial cycle using C-37 unsaturated alkenones

IEECAS SKLLQG

强流电子枪电子光学性能的研究

　利用SLAC 226程序对一种工业用大功率电子加速器(450kW)的电子枪光学系统性能进行了研究。计算程序以带电粒子的洛伦兹力运动方程的相对论形式为基础,在充分考虑了空间电荷效应和电子自身产生磁场的情况下编写而成。在该程序中,网格的划分采用正方形网格;解泊松方程采用半迭代切比雪夫法;解轨迹方程采用四阶龙格 库塔法。经过对轴上电位的优化计算,得到了轴上电场的分布,电子轨迹以及阳极孔处的径迹斜率等结果,并且对外加电场与空间电荷场对束流的聚焦作用作了比较分析。计算发现,电子初始角和初始能量(对束流的)聚焦性能影响很小,二极管间距d=58.5mm时对束流聚焦最有利。

湖北清江和尚洞石笋脂肪酸的古气候意义

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Possible way to synthesize superheavy element Z=117

Within the framework of the dinuclear system model, the production of superheavy element Z = 117 in possible projectile-target combinations is analysed systematically. The calculated results show that the production cross sections are strongly dependent on the reaction systems. Optimal combinations, corresponding excitation energies and evaporation channels are proposed, such as the isotopes Bk-248,Bk-249 in Ca-48 induced reactions in 3n evaporation channels and the reactions Sc-45+Cm-246,Cm-248 in 3n and 4n channels, and the system V-51+Pu-244 in 3n channel.

DNA分子标记技术在环境污染物检测中的应用

DNA分子标记是DNA分子碱基序列变异的直接反映,利用分子标记物对污染物造成的生物体DNA损伤的检测和定量分析研究是可行的方法。文章主要综述了DNA加合物技术、随机扩增DNA多态性技术(RAPD)、扩增片段长度多态性技术(AFLP)、单细胞凝胶电泳技术(SCGE)及反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)的原理及其在环境污染物检测中的应用。该方法具有快速、简便、特异性强的特点,在环境污染物早期诊断和评价方面具有重要意义,已广泛应用于遗传毒理学研究。

Influence of drying method on morphology and properties of asymmetric cellulose hollow fiber membrane

Using a dry/wet spinning process, asymmetric cellulose hollow fiber membranes (CHFM) were prepared from a dope composed of cellulose/N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide/water. The formation mechanism for the finger-like macrovoids at the inner portion of as-spun fibers was explained. Naturally drying and three solvent exchange drying methods were tried to investigate their influence on morphology and properties of CHFM. It was found that the ethanol-hexane exchange drying was an appropriate method to minimize morphology change of the as-spun CHFM, whereas the naturally drying caused the greatest shrinkage of the fibers that made the porous membrane become dense. The result, CHFM from ethanol-hexane exchange drying performed the highest gas permeation rate but gas permeation of the naturally dried membrane could not be detectable. The resultant CHFM from the ethanol-hexane exchange drying also showed acceptable, mechanical properties, thus it was proposed to be an appropriate method for gas separation purpose. The experimental results supported the proposed drying mechanism of CHFM. The free water would evaporate or be replaced by a solvent that subsequently would evaporate but the bonded water would remain in the membrane. What dominated the changes of membrane morphology during drying should be. the molecular affinities of cellulose-water, water-solvent and solvent-solvent. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

长白山自然保护区历史森林景观的初步重建

本文在对环境因子 (包括年均温、年降水量、海拔高度、坡度和坡向 )进行空间表达的基础上 ,建立了长白山自然保护区当前森林景观垂直带 (包括阔叶红松林、云冷杉林、岳桦林和苔原 )与这些环境因子间的逻辑斯蒂回归模型 ,然后利用 1 997年各环境因子的空间数字面来反推 1 975年森林景观带的空间分布 ,并根据 1 975年MSS遥感影像计算机监督分类的结果 ,用Kappa指数对模型预测结果进行验证。结果表明 ,苔原、岳桦林、云冷杉林和阔叶红松林 1 975年的预测分布面积分别为 72 4 3.83hm2 、65 1 7.0 8hm2 、1 2 5 5 70 .1 6hm2 和 342 64.80hm2 ,与遥感分类结果相比 ,苔原和云冷杉林的面积分别减少了 2 9.0 4 %和 3.0 5 %;岳桦林和阔叶红松林的面积分别增加了 2 4 6.45 %和 8.6%。用逻辑斯蒂回归模型可以较好地预测苔原在保护区内的分布范围 ,同时在一定程度上也能预测阔叶红松林的分布范围 ,但是对岳桦林和云冷杉林分布范围的预测结果较差。尽管如此 ,作为一种方法性的探讨 ,本文可以为森林景观空间分布和环境因子变化的关系以及森林景观对气候变化的反应研究提供一种新思路。