天然气气源对比研究方法进展

一直以来同位素地球化学在气源对比研究中发挥着重要作用，天然气组分碳、氢稳定同位素已经用于判别天然气的烃源岩、源岩热演化程度和成藏过程，稀有气体同位素也已经广泛运用于天然气的来源判别。近年来，又发展了诸如流体包裹体气源对比方法，利用苯、甲苯、二甲苯、甲基环己烷等轻烃单体碳同位素气源对比方法，天然气组分的详细解剖与气源直接对比方法和气源动态综合对比方法等，这些方法促进了天然气气源对比的深入研究。比较系统地介绍了气源对比方法上的发展、创新和今后发展的一些趋势。

低温酸性溶液中毒砂和As(Ⅲ)稳定性研究

讨论了铁离子浓度为10-2 ~ 10-5 mol/kg的Fe2(SO4)3和FeCl3酸性溶液中毒砂和As(Ⅲ)的稳定性. 实验研究显示: (1) 在所述实验条件下毒砂是不稳定的, 它的氧化程度随Fe3+浓度和反应温度升高及pH降低而增加; (2) 毒砂氧化时释放的砷以As(Ⅲ)的含水氧化物为主; (3) 在FeCl3 溶液中, 毒砂和As(Ⅲ)向As(Ⅴ)的氧化速度比在Fe2 (SO4)3溶液中快; (4) As(Ⅲ)的稳定性随氧化剂浓度和反应温度的降低而增加, 随Cl-浓度的增加及光照而降低.

武警工作倦怠及相关因素分析

Accumulating studies have been conducted on job burnout in the fields of organizational psychology and health psychology, but there are few studies investigating job burnout for people in the Chinese Armed Police Force(CAPF). This thesis explored the antecedents (social comparison, perceived control and perceived organizational support) and outcomes (incumbents’ level of task performance and psychological health) of job burnout, using data collected from 458 teachers (study 1) and 792 officers (470 lower level army cadres,150 commandos and 172 teachers, study 2) in CAPF. Two studies were carried out. The results are as follows: 1. There were significant differences among the three dimensions of job burnout for teachers: reduced accomplishment was rated significantly higher than cynicism and emotional exhaustion. 2. For the emotional exhaustion dimension, special technical soldiers gave the highest ratings and cadres provided the lowest ratings. Besides, special technical soldiers and teachers rated higher on cynicism than cadres did. 3. Perceived control significantly influenced job burnout: the higher the perceived control, the lower the three dimension of job burnout (emotional exhaustion, cynicism and reduced accomplishment). 4. Perceived control exerted impacts on psychological health directly and indirectly: the higher the perceived control, the better psychological health. Moreover, perceived control had significant effects on psychological health through emotional exhaustion: the higher the perceived control, the lower emotional exhaustion and the better psychological health. 5. The higher perceived organizational support, the lower the three dimensions of job burnout; perceived organizational support impacted psychological health through emotional exhaustion: the higher perceived organizational support, the lower emotional exhaustion and the better psychological health. 6. Job burnout exerted significant influence on task performance: the higher reduced accomplishment, the lower task performance rated by participants themselves. Drawing on the above results, measures would be taken in CAPF to enhance perceived control and perceived organizational support, to alleviate burnout and improve task performance and psychological health.

Formation of subsurface oxygen species and its high activity toward CO oxidation over silver catalysts

Silver is well known to show peculiar catalytic activities in several oxidation reactions. In the present paper, we investigate the catalytic activity of silver catalysts toward CO-gelective oxidation in H-2. XRD, TEM, TPD, and in situ FTIR techniques were used to characterize the catalysts. The pretreatment of the catalysts was found to have great influence on their performance. The pretreatment in 02 improves the activity of the silver catalyst, whereas He pretreatment at 700 degreesC or direct hydrogen pretreatment shows an inverse effect. Silver catalysts undergo massive structural change during oxygen pretreatment at high temperatures (> 500 degreesC), and there is solid evidence for the formation of subsurface oxygen species. The existence of this silver-subsurface oxygen structure facilitates the formation of active sites on silver catalysts for CO oxidation, which are related to the size, morphology, and exposed crystal planes of the silver particles. Its formation requires a certain temperature, and a higher pretreatment temperature with oxygen is required for the silver catalyst with a smaller particle size. It is observed, for the first time, that adsorbed CO on the surface of silver particles can directly react with subsurface oxygen species at low temperatures (e.g., RT), and the surface oxygen can migrate into and refill these subsurface sites after the consumption of subsurface oxygen by the reaction with CO. This finding provides a new reaction pathway for CO oxidation on silver catalyst. (C) 2004 Published by Elsevier Inc.