贵族省红枫湖区域磷渣风化淋溶的环境地球化学研究

本文通过红枫湖区域岩石——磷渣系统的研究，获得如下认识：1.麻线河流域和红枫湖区域岩石的化学风化速率分别为1.180 * 10~(-2)和8.412 * 10~(-3)cm/yr；红枫湖区域岩石的化学风化系统在75%左右。2.岩石的化学风化速率随PH减小、温度升高和淋入液与样品量之比增大而增大；磷渣的风化淋溶降低岩石和溶解速率。3.磷石膏中元素的释放顺序为:K > Na > mg > Ca > Si，其淋出液呈碱性；硫铁矿渣中元素的释放顺序为：Mn > Ca > Mg > Na > K > Fe，它的淋出液呈酸性。4.磷石膏的风化淋溶液对石灰岩的溶蚀作用很弱，其中的钾、磷素进入土壤中，可提高土壤肥力；硫铁矿渣的风化淋溶液对石灰岩有一定的溶蚀性，其中有SO_4~(2-)，可带走大量钾素，会降低土壤肥力。

Rapid protein identification using monolithic enzymatic microreactor and LC-ESI-MS/MS

A monolithic enzymatic microreactor was prepared in a fused-silica capillary by in situ polymerization of acrylamide, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) in the presence of a binary porogenic mixture of dodecanol and cyclohexanol, followed by ammonia solution treatment, glutaraldehyde activation and trypsin modification. The choice of acrylamide as co-monomer was found useful to improve the efficiency of trypsin modification, thus, to increase the enzyme activity. The optimized microreactor offered very low back pressure, enabling the fast digestion of proteins flowing through the reactor. The performance of the monolithic microreactor was demonstrated with the digestion of cytochrome c at high flow rate. The digests were then characterized by CE and HPLC-MS/MS with the sequence coverage of 57.7%. The digestion efficiency was found over 230 times as high as that of the conventional method. in addition, for the first time, protein digestion carried out in a mixture of water and ACN was compared with the conventional aqueous reaction using MS/MS detection, and the former solution was found more compatible and more efficient for protein digestion.