浅析旱作农业技术在黄土高原退耕还林(草)之后的作用——为朱总理’99,8,7讲话而作

针对朱基总理 1 999年 8月 7日讲话精神和旱农技术在特殊的自然条件和社会条件下为了良化农田生态环境和持续增产所采取的一整套用地与养地相结合的技术体系。文章着重的分析了培肥地力、轮作倒茬、化学技术、选育品种、节水、立体种植、地膜覆盖、水土保持耕作法八种技术 ,充分利用光、热、水、气、土、肥资源而取得明显的社会效益、经济效益和生态效益 ,剖析了旱作技术在农业持续、稳定、健康发展中的作用和改善农业生态环境的显著地位 ,供同类地区的决策者和研究者借鉴

大气沉降核素~(7)Be在黄土高原地被物中的分布初探

7Be具有环境微粒示踪价值,在示踪土壤侵蚀研究中有一定的应用,但是有关地被覆盖物对7Be截留吸收的研究目前还相当少,这直接影响了示踪结果的准确性、示踪模型的建立及应用。本文对不同地被物中的7Be含量进行了分析,结果表明:春季末地表不同地被覆盖物中干枯植物的7Be含量最大,半分解物次之,活植物中含量最少。在整个植物生长期内,植物体7Be累积含量呈增长趋势,尤其在秋季增加更为突出;不同植物中7Be含量差异性很大,变异系数达0.6;从总体上看,不同类型植物中7Be的平均含量分布趋势是草本>半灌木及小灌木>种植作物;和其它同类植物种相比,不同作物种中7Be含量的变异系数相对较大,为0.47。

细辛精油对7种玉米病害的离体抑菌效果

采用生长速率法和孢子萌发法测定了细辛精油对引起玉米病害的7种病原菌(小斑病菌、弯孢霉叶斑病菌、链格孢叶斑病病菌、圆斑病菌、顶腐病菌、青枯病菌和瘤黑粉病菌)的菌丝生长和孢子萌发的影响。结果表明,对瘤黑粉病菌、顶腐病菌、青枯病菌和弯孢霉叶斑病病菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发抑制效果均较好,EC90均低于700mg.L-1;对小斑病菌和链格孢叶斑病病菌的孢子萌发抑制效果较好,而对其菌丝生长的抑制效果较差;对圆斑病菌的菌丝生长和孢子萌发的抑制效果均较差,EC90均高于900mg.L-1。对于同一种病原菌来说,细辛精油对其孢子萌发的抑制效果好于对其菌丝生长的抑制效果。

应用一种微波消解液直接测定食品中7种元素

针对食品检测前处理时间和检测周期过长的难题,用硝酸及双氧水作为消解溶剂,在设定的微波消解条件下,可以将样品消解完全,消解液中加入硫脲和L盐酸,不需任何处理可直接进行砷等7种元素的测定。硫脲将高价砷和汞离子还原为三价砷和汞原子,而对其它元素无影响,从而实现氢化物发生原子荧光法同时测定食品中砷、汞的含量,原子吸收火焰法测定食品中铜、锌、铁、镁、锰的含量。通过测定标准物质和加标回收实验,对方法进行验证,结果表明,方法简便快速、准确度与精密度令人满意。

高级加密标准AES-192的7轮不可能差分分析

结合密钥扩展算法和划分子集的方法,提出7轮AES-192的不可能差分分析方法.首先估算猜测初始轮的错误密钥的最小概率;然后计算所需的明密文对的数量并选择明密文对,计算密文对的差分,猜测特殊的密钥字节对其进行不可能差分攻击.该攻击需要278选择明文,记忆存储空间为2129分组,以及约2155的7轮AES-192加密.与目前现有的结果相比,该攻击需要更少的选择明文数和较低的时间复杂度.

东亚土地覆盖对ENSO事件的响应特征

对1982—1993年气候年际变化的强信号———ENSO进行了确认及再分类。以美国地质调查局EROS中心提供的AVHRR8kmNDVI为数据源,应用地理信息系统技术,计算了1982—1993年每年夏季(5—9月)NDVI平均影像。在此基础上用数据断面分析法对ENSO年东亚地区土地覆盖的空间分布进行了分析,再用主成分分析法对同一时间序列NDVI平均影像进行了运算,发现其第7主成分影像所反映的土地覆盖分布与数据断面分析法所反映的结果是一致的。对此,进一步分析了第7主成分的特征向量与代表ENSO变化特征的南方涛动指数(SOI)之间的关系,进而,对ENSO驱动下的东亚地区土地覆盖年际变化的空间分布特征进行了总结。

Influence of the deposition energy on the composition and thermal cycling behavior of La-2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)(2)O-7 coatings

Lanthanum-zirconium-cerium composite oxide (La-2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)(2)O-7, LZ7C3) coatings were prepared under different conditions by electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). The composition, crystal structure, surface and cross-sectional morphologies, cyclic oxidation behavior of these coatings were studied. Elemental analysis indicates that the coating composition has partially deviated from the stoichiometry of the ingot, and the existence of excess La2O3 is also observed.

SiO2 nanoparticles as scatterers for random organic laser action in red fluorescent dye 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-tert-butyl-6(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4H-pyran doped polystyrene films

Random multimode lasers are achieved in 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-tert-butyl-6(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4H-pyran (DCJTB) doped polystyrene thin films by introducing silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles as scatterers. The devices emit a resonance multimode peak at a center wavelength of 640 nm with a mode linewidth less than 0.87 nm. The threshold excitation intensity is as low as 0.25 mJ pulse(-1) cm(-2). It can be seen that the microscopic random resonance cavities can be formed by multiple scattering of SiO2 nanoparticles.

La-2(Zr0.7Ce0.3)(2)O-7 - A new oxide ceramic material with high sintering-resistance

Oxide ceramics with high sintering-resistance above 1473 K have very important applications in thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), catalytic combustion and high-temperature structural materials. Lanthanum zirconate (La2Zr2O7, LZ) is an attractive TBC material which has higher sintering-resistance than yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), and this property could be further improved by the proper addition of ceria.

Hydrothermal Synthesis, Structures, and Luminescent Properties of Seven d(10) Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on 9,9-Dipropylfluorene-2,7-Dicarboxylic Acid (H(2)DFDA)

A series of Zn(II) and Cd(II) metal-organic frameworks, namely, [Zn(DFDA)] (1), [Cd(DFDA)(C2H5OH)] (2), [Zn-2(DFDA)(2)(L-1)(2)](2) center dot 3H(2)O (3), [Cd-2(DFDA)(2)(L-1)(2)] (4), [Zn(DFDA)(L-2)] (5), [Cd(DFDA)(L-2)(DMF)] (6), and [Zn(DFDA)(L-3)] (7) (where DFDA = 9,9-dipropylfluorene-2,7-dicarboxylate anion, L-1 = 1,4-bis(imidazol-1-ylmethyl)benzene, L-2 = 1,1'-(1,4-butanediyl) bis(imidazole), L-3 = 2,2'-bipyridine) have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and structurally characterized. Compound 1 exhibits a three-dimensional (3D framework containing one-dimensional (1D) Zn(II)-O clusters, with (4(8).6(7)) topology. Compound 2 contains hydrophobic channels built from infinite 1D Cd(II)-O clusters, with (4(8).5(4).6(3)) topology.

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Fused Thiophenes: [7]Helicene and Double Helicene, a D-2-Symmetric Dimer of 3,3 '-Bis(dithieno[2,3-b:3 ',2 '-d]thiophene)

The efficient synthesis of (TMS)(2)-[7]helicene (rac-3) and double helicene, a D-2-symmetric dimer of 3,3'-bis(dithieno-[2,3-b:3',2'-d]thiophene) (rac-4) was developed. The crystal structures of 3 and 4 show both strong intermolecular pi-pi interactions and S center dot center dot center dot S interactions. UV/vis spectra reveal that both 3 and 4 show significant pi-electron delocalization.

Efficient Electrophosphorescence from a Platinum Metallopolyyne Featuring a 2,7-Carbazole Chromophore

The synthesis, thermal and emission properties of an electrophosphorescent platinum(II) metallopolyyne polymer consisting of 9-butylcarbazole-2,7-diyl spacer P1 are described. The optical and electronic properties of P1 are compared to their molecular diplatinum(II) and digold(I) model complexes. The photophysical properties of P1 are somehow analogous to its 2,7-fluorene-linked congener but differs significantly from that for the 3,6-carbazole derivative. Its optical band gap is notably reduced as compared to that for the 3,6-carbazole analog. Multi-layer polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) were fabricated with P1 as the emitting layer which gave a strong green-yellow electrophosphorescence. The best PLED can reach the maximum current efficiency of 4.7 cd . A(-1) at 5 wt.-% doping level, corresponding to an external quantum efficiency of 1.5%. This represents the first literature example of efficient PLEDs exhibiting pure triplet emission under electrical excitation for metallopolyynes without the concomitant singlet emission.

Synthesis, photoluminescence, thermoluminescence and dosimetry properties of novel phosphor KSr4(BO3)(3):Ce

Polycrystalline powder sample of KSr4(BO3)(3) was synthesized by high-temperature solid-state reaction. The influence of different rare earth dopants, i.e. Tb3+, TM3+ and Ce3+, on thermoluminescence (TL) of KSr4(BO3)(3) Phosphor was discussed. The TL, photoluminescence (PL) and some dosimetric properties of Ce3+-activated KSr4(BO3)(3) phosphor were studied. The effect of the concentration of Ce3+ on TL intensity was investigated and the result showed that the optimum Ce3+ concentration was 0.2 mol%. The TL kinetic parameters of KSr4(BO3)(3):0.002 Ce3+ phosphor were calculated by computer glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) method. Characteristic emission peaking at about 407 and 383 nm due to the 4f(0)5d(1) -> F-2((5/2),(7/2)) transitions of Ce3+ ion were observed both in PL and three-dimensional (3D) TL spectra. The dose-response of KSr4(BO3)(3):0.002 Ce3+ to gamma-ray was linear in the range from 1 to 1000 mGy. In addition, the decay of the TL intensity of KSr4(BO3)(3):0.002 Ce3+ was also investigated.

7-Amino actinomycin D bound to single-stranded hairpin DNA enhanced by loop sequence-dependent luminescent Eu3+ and Tb3+ binding

Lanthanide Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions have been widely used in luminescent resonance energy transfer (LRET) for bioassays to study metal binding microenvironments. We report here that Eu3+ or Tb3+ can increase the binding affinity of antitumor antibiotic drug agent, 7-amino actinomycin D (7AACTD), binding to 5'-GT/TG-5' or 5'-GA/AG-5' mismatched stem region of the single-stranded hairpin DNA. Further studies indicate that the effect of Eu3+ or Tb3+ on 7AACTD binding is related to DNA loop sequence. Our results will provide new insights into how metal ions can enhance antitumor agents binding to their targets.