147 resultados para SR-SAXS


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研究了Ca-Sr-Cu-O三元金属复合氧化物体系,发现了两个新化合物Sr_3Cu_5O_(8+x)和CaSrCu_3·O_(5+x),两者都属正交晶系,前者a=3.950,b=11479,c=13.420 A.后者a=6.489,b=11.280,c=12.240A.文中给出了这两个化合物和SrCuO_2、Sr_2CuO_3的XRD谱.用碘量法测定了化合物中的氧含量.此外还发现了结构与SrCuO_2相似的固溶体Sr_(0.5)Ca_(0.5)CuO_2,也测定了它的XRD谱.

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聚乙烯醇(PVA)/聚吡咯烷酮(PVP)共混物的小角X-射线散射(SAXS)研究表明,PVA/PVP共混物的结构参数与共混物组分比及热历史密切相关。按Vonk一维电子密度相关函数法,得到PVA/PVP共混物的长周期,过渡层厚随PVP组分含量增加而增加;结晶片层厚和比内表面积却随PVP含量增加而降低。热处理可提高共混物的结晶性。

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制备了一系列 Bi—Pb—Sr—Ca—Cu—O 超导材料。在一定范围内,不同组分的 Bi—Pb—Sr—Ca—Cu—O 样品都能得到接近单110K 相的材料,但样品性能差别极大.性能的好坏极大地依赖着组成条件。烧结温度过高或过低都不利于提高样品的临界电流密度,850℃的烧结温度是较合适的,长时间烧结有利于110K 相的形成。样品烧结完成后,应缓慢降温退火,以保证材料充分吸氧。

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最近,Pb能加强BiSrCaCuO超导体中高T_c相(即2223相,其c(?)37,T_c(?)110K)的出现和掺入sb形成BiPbSbSrCaCuO的T_c可以达到132 K已见报道,我们希望通过其它元素的掺杂取代也出现类似的结果。我们做了大量掺Sb、Ba、In的实验,通过改变

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本文报导了Dy~(3+),Sm~(3+)和Ce~(3+)离子在M_3La_2(BO_3)_4(M=Ca,Sr,Ba)基质中的激发与发射光谱;研究了Dy~(3+)离子黄蓝发射的相强度随基质化合物的组成和结构的不同而呈现的变化规律;讨论了Sm~(3+)离子电荷迁移激发带的能量与基质中近邻阳离子的关系并分析了Sm~(3+)和Eu~(3+)离子4f电子构型对电荷迁移带能量的影响。本文还给出了Dy~(3+),Sm~(3+)和Ce~(3+)离子发光的浓度淬灭值。

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The whole rock K-Ar ages of basalts from the South China Sea basin vary from 3.8 to 7.9 Ma, which suggest that intra-plate volcanism after the cessation of spreading of the South China Sea (SCS) is comparable to that in adjacent regions around the SCS, i.e., Leiqiong Peninsula, northern margin of the SCS, Indochina block, and so on. Based on detailed petrographic studies, we selected many fresh basaltic rocks and measured their major element, trace element, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope compositions. Geochemical characteristics of major element and trace element show that these basaltic rocks belong to alkali basalt magma series, and are similar to OIB-type basalt. The extent of partial melting of mantle rock in source region is very low, and magma may experience crystallization differentiation and cumulation during the ascent to or storing in the high-level magma chamber. Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data of these basaltic rocks imply an inhomogeneous mantle below the South China Sea. The nature of magma origin has a two end-member mixing model, one is EM2 (Enriched Mantle 2) which may be originated from mantle plume, the other is DMM (Depleted MORB Mantle). Pb isotopic characteristics show the Dupal anomaly in the South China Sea, and combined with newly found Dupal anomaly at Gakkel ridge in Arctic Ocean, this implies that Dupal anomaly is not only limited to South Hemisphere. In variation diagrams among Sr, Nd and Pb, the origin nature of mantle below the SCS is similar to those below Leiqiong peninsula, northern margin of the SCS and Indochina peninsula, and is different from those below north and northeast China. This study provides geochemical constraints on Hainan mantle plume.

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To investigate the changes in the chemical weathering intensity of dust source region in Asia continent, ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios of acid-washed residues from the loess deposits in China and Tajikistan were analyzed, respectively. The results and conclusions are listed as below. 1. The oscillation of ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios of acid-insoluble residues in the Chinese Loess Plateau was mainly attributed to the chemical weathering intensity of the source region and the grain size. Counteracted the effect of particle size, the calibrated 87Sr/S6Sr ratio can be used as a proxy for the chemical weathering intensity of the source region. 2. The Sr/ Sr ratios of red clay-loess sequence from the Loess Plateau indicate that the chemical weathering intensity of the dust source region between 7.0 and 2.6 Ma is stronger than that in the Quaternary period. This also suggests a general decline in chemical weathering intensity of the source region from 2.6 Ma to the present. Such pattern is more remarkable since 1.0 Ma BP. 3. The ~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr ratios of the Tajik loess during 0.8-1.8 Ma is much more higher than those from 0.8 Ma to the present. This implies that the chemical weathering intensity of the source region in Central Asia is much stronger during 0.8-1.8 Ma than the period since 0.8 Ma. 4. The record of Sr isotope ratios from both sections shows an accelerating course of aridity of the Asian dust source region over the Quaternary period.

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生物壳体的Sr/Ca、Mg/Ca比值能反映其沉积水体的Sr/Ca、Mg/Ca比值,在一定条件下反映水体的盐度、温度,并分别与宿生水体的盐度、温度呈正比关系。生物壳体的^87Sr/^86Sr比值是恢复盆地古水文条件的一种重要手段。本文以著名的泥河湾盆地小渡口剖面的第28层为实例,力图通过对有孔虫、介形虫、腹足类生物壳体Sr/Ca、Mg/Ca比值与^87Sr/^86Sr比值的对比研究,并结合前人所作的中更新世古地理特征研究,来恢复生物壳体沉积时泥河古湖水的温度、盐度,进而进行古气候、古环境的恢复。研究结果表明:在0.97-0.94Ma间,古泥河湾湖为一陆相湖泊,湖水的温度、盐度变化趋势相吻合,均呈低-高-低的演化特征,可能对应着盆地水体的扩展-退缩-扩展变化。其中,在0.96-0.95Ma间,古泥河湾湖具有较高的温度、盐度特征。生物壳体的Sr/Ca、Mg/Ca比值能反映其沉积水体的Sr/Ca、Mg/Ca比值,在一定条件下反映水体的盐度、温度,并分别与宿生水体的盐度、温度呈正比关系。生物壳体的^87Sr/^86Sr比值是恢复盆地古水文条件的一种重要手段。本文以著名的泥河湾盆地小渡口剖面的第28层为实例,力图通过对有孔虫、介形虫、腹足类生物壳体Sr/Ca、Mg/Ca比值与^87Sr/^86Sr比值的对比研究,并结合前人所作的中更新世古地理特征研究,来恢复生物壳体沉积时泥河古湖水的温度、盐度,进而进行古气候、古环境的恢复。研究结果表明:在0.97-0.94Ma间,古泥河湾湖为一陆相湖泊,湖水的温度、盐度变化趋势相吻合,均呈低-高-低的演化特征,可能对应着盆地水体的扩展-退缩-扩展变化。其中,在0.96-0.95Ma间,古泥河湾湖具有较高的温度、盐度特征。

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为研究植物营养元素来源,对贵州龙里地区黄壤上生长的12种主要植物的部分营养元素含量及Sr同位素特征进行了分析。结果表明:喀斯特地区黄壤上的植物具有高钙含量,营养元素含量由高到低排序为Ca〉K〉Mg;研究区植物的Ca、K、Sr平均含量均高出报道的陆生植物的平均含量,但比贵州地区同样以灰岩为母质发育而来的石灰土上生长的植物低;植物样品的^87Sr/^86Sr同位素比值变化范围在0.70856~0.71145之间。基于锶同位素组成的端员模式计算结果表明,除了苔藓、石松的营养元素主要来源于大气输入外,其他植物的营养元素主要来源于土壤风化.

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对江西南部黑云母花岗岩和花岗斑岩风化剖面中Sr同位素体系的研究结果显示, 花岗岩化学风化过程中, Rb, Sr之间发生明显分异, 风化早期释放出的Sr/Si, Sr/Ca比值大于母岩值, Sr的淋失速率大于Si, Ca, K, Rb等营养离子. 主要含Sr(和Rb)矿物相对风化速率的动态变化, 导致花岗岩风化壳及其释放出Sr的87Sr/86Sr比值随时间波动变化:黑云母、斜长石和钾长石的先后风化, 导致风化残余物的87Sr/86Sr比值历经下降——下降的波动变化, 最终趋于稳定. 这进一步说明, 当用锶同位素示踪流域和全球范围的生物地球化学过程时, 必须慎重考虑Sr从溶解固相中的优先释放以及含Sr矿物相对风化速率的变化导致的87Sr/86Sr比值的波动.

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对贵阳地区22个雨水样品的化学组成和Sr同位素的研究表明,贵阳地区大部分雨水样品的pH值小于5.6(pH=4.53).雨水中Ca^2+是最主要的阳离子,平均值为57μmol·l^-1(12-164μmol·l^-1),占阳离子组成的64%-87%;Mg^2+是次要的阳离子,平均值为13μmol·l^-1(5—4μmol·l^-1),Ca^2+和Mg^2+之和占了阳离子组成的78%-96%;K^+平均值为11μmol·l^-1(2—44μmol·l^-1);Na^+最少,其平均值为4μmol·l^-1(1—8μmol·l^-1).SO4^2-是最主要的阴离子,平均值为941μmol·l^-1(34—279μmol·l^-1),占阴离子组成的28%-94%;NO3^-是次要的阴离子,平均值为48μmol·l^-1(1-252μmol·l^-1),SO4^2-和NO3^-是决定雨水酸度最主要的离子,SO4^2=和NO3^-之和占阴离子组成的77%-99%;Cl^-最少,平均值为20μmol·l^1(1—128μmol·l^-1).贵阳地区雨水中Sr的浓度为0.02-O.33μmol·l^-1,^87Sr/^86Sr比值较小(0.707934-0.709080),非海盐来源的^87Sr/^86Sr比值为0.707820-0.709078.元素比值及Sr同位素组成辨识出贵阳地区雨水溶质主要来源于人为活动,岩石/土壤化学风化次之,海相输入很小或可以忽略不计.

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位于四川西北部的马脑壳金矿床为陕甘川金三角区内一重要矿床,许多学者对其进行过大量的研究,对其地质地球化学特征有了较为全面的认识,同时对矿床的成因也做了多方面的探讨。为了确定矿床的成矿时代,从层状矿体中采集了富含流体包裹体的石英矿物。通过测定包裹体的Rb-Sr同位素组成,应用ISOPLOT程序计算获得(210±35)Ma的成矿年龄,该年龄与容矿地层的形成时代相近。流体包裹体的锶同位素初始比值与三叠纪时期海水的锶同位素比值相一致。综合矿体产出特征、矿石组构及区域构造演化历史,认为作为矿床主体的层状矿体是同生沉积的产物,脉状网脉状矿体则是由后期造山运动体制下所产生的成矿热流体沿裂隙构造交代充填所形成。