Luminosity determination for the dd→αK+K-experiment atANKE/COSY

High resolution studies of a0/f0(980) decays into channels involving open strangeness are currently being performed at COSY-Jülich. As a “filter” for isospin-zero intermediate states, i.e. to selectively produce the f0(980) resonance, the dd→αK+K− reaction was measured with the magnetic ANKE spectrometer. In order to determine the luminosity of this experiment, the elastically and quasi-elastically scattered deuterons were recorded simultaneously with the αK+K− events. Here we report about the luminosity determination via investigating the (quasi-) elastic deuterons at ANKE.

Measurement of the isospin-filtering dd → 4He K+K- reaction at Q = 39 MeV

The total cross-section for the dd → 4HeK+K− reaction has been measured at a beam momentum of 3.7GeV/c, corresponding to an excess energy of 39MeV, which is the maximum possible atthe Cooler Synchrotron COSY-Jülich. A deuterium cluster-jet target and the ANKE forward magnetic spectrometer, placed inside the storage ring, have been employed in this investigation. We find a total cross-section of σtot < 14 pb, which brings into question the viability of investigating the dd → 4He a0(980)reaction as a means of studying isospin violation.

天水-秦安一带中新世黄土堆积区沉积-地貌演化

IEECAS SKLLQG

110keVFe~+离子束对氨基酸衍生物的辐射分解

用200kV离子注入机提供的110keVFe+离子束注入L(+)-半胱氨酸盐酸盐单晶水合物薄膜样品,离子注量为2.5×1016ions·cm-2.离子注入后刮下薄膜进行简单固态混和,在傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、高效液相色谱仪和电喷雾电离-傅里叶变换质谱仪上对离子注入前后的样品分别进行了测试.对离子注入样品的两次红外光谱分析结果有所不同,表明薄膜样品不同部位受低能铁离子束辐照后可发生不同的辐射分解,但二者又具有一定的相似性,都反映了原分子中氨基、羧基和巯基等基团的受损和新的硝基的生成.高效液相色谱和傅里叶变换质谱分析表明,离子注入样品中产生了多种不同分子量的新分子,证实110keVFe+离子束能够引起氨基酸衍生物的辐射分解.

~(28)Si+~(12)C中的两体反应与全熔合反应

利用ΔE E望远镜系统测量了 1 56 3MeV2 8Si+ 12 C反应 (近对称系统 )中出射的Z =4— 1 4的产物元素的能谱和角分布 ,并由此给出了这些产物的胁变截面图 .从理论上计算了Z =4— 1 1产物的实验室系最可几动能分布E1(θ)和各元素的质心系的总动能分布Et(Z) ,指出了这些产物主要来自系统的两体反应过程 .还给出了该反应系统的全熔合截面值为 (980± 68)mb ,并指出从低能数据外推到此能量下的全熔合截面值与实验值之差主要归因于两体过程 .

Heavy-ion conformal irradiation in the shallow-seated tumor therapy terminal at HIRFL

Basic research related to heavy-ion cancer therapy has been done at the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP), Chinese Academy of Sciences since 1995. Now a plan of clinical trial with heavy ions has been launched at IMP. First, superficially placed tumor treatment with heavy ions is expected in the therapy terminal at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL), where carbon ion beams with energy up to 100 MeV/u can be supplied. The shallow-seated tumor therapy terminal at HIRFL is equipped with a passive beam delivery system including two orthogonal dipole magnets, which continuously scan pencil beams laterally and generate a broad and uniform irradiation field, a motor-driven energy degrader and a multi-leaf collimator. Two different types of range modulator, ripple filter and ridge filter with which Guassian-shaped physical dose and uniform biological effective dose Bragg peaks can be shaped for therapeutic ion beams respectively, have been designed and manufactured. Therefore, two-dimensional and three-dimensional conformal irradiations to tumors can be performed with the passive beam delivery system at the earlier therapy terminal. Both the conformal irradiation methods have been verified experimentally and carbon-ion conformal irradiations to patients with superficially placed tumors have been carried out at HIRFL since November 2006.

dd→αK+K-反应截面在ANKE/COSY上的测量

ANKE谱仪是位于冷却储存环COSY上的一个内靶实验终端，在它的针对物理目标中，研究靠近 产生阈的共振态a0(980)/f0(980)是一个主要的内容。在通过强相互作用反应对a0/f0进行测量时，初态会选择使用不同的同位旋组合，也就是使用pp、 pn、pd和dd反应。本实验完成于2006年的4、5月间，是一个使用COSY所能提供的最大束流动能Td = 2.273 GeV的dd道反应，它比 产生阈高Q = 39 MeV。在实验中探测了αK+符合事件，结合使用丢失质量分析方法就可以对反应链dd → αf0 → αK+K- 以及其中的f0(980)共振态进行研究。 作为本文的主要内容这个实验，是在Monte - Carlo模拟的帮助下准备后，在4个星期的束流时间里完成的。在实验完成后，数据分析主要集中在对稀有的αK+事件进行鉴别。 ANKE的射程望远镜阵列针对K+介子的鉴别做过优化，在它的帮助下K+就可以通过飞行时间、能量损失方法，以及探测延迟发射的K+衰变产物而被挑选出来。而与之关联的α粒子则是通过它们相对于K+介子的定时点进行鉴别的，α和K+的动量及轨迹由在相应多丝正比室上测量到的径迹信息重建。由此，就可以通过使用丢失质量方法鉴别出实验中没有测量的K-介子。最终所得的αK+丢失质量谱在K-介子质量区域内呈现一个峰，其中包含大约15个事件。由这些αK+K-事件可以得到总的反应截面σtot = (9 ± 3sta ± 5sys) pb。 同位旋破缺反应dd → α(π0η) 的截面由测量得到的σtot (dd → αK+K-)值推出，进而它也给出了在WASA-at-COSY上观察这个过程所要求的最短束流时间。因为这个反应被认为主要是源于通过KK中间态的f0 → a0转化，所以它对于确定出轻标量介子a0(980)/f0(980)的结构扮演着格外重要的角色

Thermodynamic investigation on properties of gasohol

The heat capacities (C-p) of three types of gasohol (which consisted of 20 wt % ethanol and 80 wt % unleaded gasoline 93(#) (system S1), 30 wt % ethanol and 70 wt % unleaded gasoline 931 (system S2), 40 wt % ethanol and 60 wt % unleaded gasoline 930 (system S3), where "93(#)" denotes the octane number) were measured by adiabatic calorimetry in the temperature range of 80320 K. A glass transition was observed at 94.24, 95.15, and 95.44 K for system S1, S2, and S3, respectively. A solid-solid phase transition and solid-liquid phase transition were observed at 135.18 and 151.30 K for system S1, 131.82 and 152.10 K for system S2, and 121.29 and 155.09 K for S3, respectively. The polynomial equations for C, with respect to the thermodynamic temperature (T), and with respect to the content of ethanol (x), were established through the least-squares fitting. The thermodynamic functions and the excess thermodynamic functions of the three samples were derived using these thermodynamic relationships and equations.

长白山阔叶红松林CO_2通量与温度的关系

应用涡度相关法观测的通量数据和环境因子数据,在生态系统水平上分析了长白山阔叶红松林生长季温度与CO2通量之间的关系。结果表明:(1)在相同的光合有效辐射水平下,净生态系统CO2交换量(NEE)随温度Ta的变化趋势为,在Ta<20℃范围内,NEE随温度的增加而增加,在Ta=20℃附近有极大值,随温度的继续增加NEE呈下降的趋势,同时NEE还具有明显的季节变化,表现为7月>6月>8月>9月>5月>4月>10月。(2)应用MichaelisMenten方程计算得出最大光合速率Pmax和生态系统呼吸Re,分析其与温度的关系发现,Pmax随温度的变化呈S型曲线,Re则随着温度的升高而呈指数上升的趋势,曲线为:Re=0.0607exp(0.0666Ta),R2=0.96。夜间生态系统呼吸的Q10为3.15。(3)通过对NEE与环境因子的偏相关分析表明,温度对NEE的偏相关系数在生长季呈现先减小后增大的趋势,说明在生长季初期和末期升高温度比生长季中期对NEE的影响要大。

潮棕壤不同利用方式有机碳剖面分布及碳储量

对潮棕壤水稻田、玉米地、撂荒地和人工林地 4 种土地利用方式经过 14 年后在 0～150 cm 土体 10个土层中土壤有机碳含量的剖面分布、C/N 及有机碳储量进行比较研究。结果表明,不同利用方式下土壤有机碳含量产生明显的剖面分布差异。林地各土层有机碳含量较其它几种利用方式高,表明不同利用方式对土壤碳产生较大影响;土壤有机碳与全氮极显著相关,但自然生态系统中碳与氮的相关性略高于农田生态系统(林地R =0.990,撂荒地 R =0.990,稻田 R =0.976,玉米地 R =0.980,P < 0.001,n =30);剖面中 C/N 随深度而 2 2 2 2下降,林地 C/N 较高,稻田 C/N 较低,玉米地与撂荒地相应土层中 C/N 相近;在 100 cm 深度内,林地土壤分别比稻田、玉米地、撂荒地每年多截获 4.25、2.87 和 4.48 t·ha-1有机碳,年增幅分别为 6.15%、3.26%和 5.09%;林地有机碳储量显著高于稻田、玉米地和撂荒地(P 值分别达到 0.001、0.008 和 0.008),其它 3 种利用方式间差异不显著。据此认为林地在增加碳储量及改善环境方面具有很大的潜力。