126 resultados para 458
Resumo:
合成了苄基环戊二烯基稀土二氯化物,经元素分析、热分析、红外光谱、质谱及核磁共振谱分析,证实其组成为C_6H_5CH_2C_5H_4LnCl_2·nTHF(C_6H_5CH_2C_5H_4=苄基环戊二烯,Ln=Nd,Sm,Gd,n=1,2)。对新化合物苄基环戊二烯进行了表征,同时还测定了中间物C_6H_5CH_2C_5H_4Na·THF的晶体结构。
Resumo:
The notochord is one of the diagnostic features of the phylum Chordata. Despite the similarities in the early morphogenetic patterns of the notochords of various chordates, they are strikingly distinct from one another at the histological level. The amphioxus notochord is one example of an evolutionary novelty because it is made up of muscle cells. Our previous expressed sequence tag analysis, targeting messenger RNAs expressed in the adult amphioxus notochord, demonstrated that many muscle-related genes are expressed there. To characterize amphioxus notochord cells and to gain insights into the myogenic program in the notochord, we determined the spatial and temporal expression patterns of these muscle-related genes during amphioxus development. We found that BbNA1 (notochord actin), Amphi-Trop I (troponin I), Amphi-TPmyosin (tropomyosin), Amphi-MHC2 (myosin heavy chain), Amphi-nMRLC (notochord-specific myosin regulatory light chain), AmphinTitin/MLCK (notochord-specific titin/myosin light chain kinase), Amphi-MLP/CRP3 (muscle LIM protein), and Amphi-nCalponin (notochord-specific calponin) are expressed with characteristic patterns in notochord cells, including the central cells, dorsally located cells, and ventrally located cells, suggesting that each notochord cell has a unique molecular architecture that may reflect its function. In addition, we characterized two MyoD genes (Amphi-MyoD1 and Amphi-MyoD2) to gain insight into the genetic circuitry governing the formation of the notochord muscle. One of the MyoD genes (Amphi-MyoD2) is expressed in the central notochord cells, and the coexistence of Amphi-MyoD2 transcripts along with the Amphi-MLP/CRP3 transcripts implies the participation of Amphi-MyoD2 in the myogenic program in the notochord muscle.
Resumo:
位于高纬和极地的海冰与海洋是一个有机的耦合系统,是全球气候系统的重要组成部分,海冰高反照率和对海气输送的隔绝作用、气-冰-海间热量、动量和物质交换以及与此有关的反馈机制对气候变化有非常重要的影响。近年来,利用包括海洋和海冰的多系统耦合模式研究气候变化及其预测方法得到了很大的发展,但也遇到了一些困难,其中有些困难与高纬海冰过程的处理有关,因此冰-海洋相互作用和耦合模式的研究引起许多研究人员的兴趣。另外,为保障结冰海区航运、海洋石油开发等活动的安全,区域性海冰—海洋相互作用机制和短期直至季节尺度的冰-海洋模拟也得到了发展。我国渤海和黄海北部历年出现不同程度的冻结,其冰情的变化与全球气候变化有密切关系。历史上多次出现严重冰情造成钻井平台倒塌,船舶破坏,航运中断等严重海冰灾害。自1969年特大冰封以来,我国海冰的监测、预报和研究开始较全面地开展起来。通过一些现场观测和实验对渤海海冰物理力学性质有了一定了解,对冰与海上结构物相互作用的研究也有一定进展,并结合工程实际为我国海上工程提供了所需的海冰环境设计参数。在海冰常规观测基础上,进一步开展了卫星和航空遥感技术和应用的研究。本论文首先介绍了我国海冰研究的有关情况和国内外有关冰-海洋相互作用、耦合模式及其应用研究的进展。在详细分析我国海冰性质和研究现状基础上,结合海洋一号卫星海冰信息的反演,利用冰—海耦合模式对中国海冰进行了模拟,模拟结果基本符合我国冬季海冰生长、消融实况。并首次利用冰—海耦合模式对中国海冰进行了预报试验,属于创新性的工作。
Resumo:
能量代谢指动物在进行生理活动(如摄食、消化以及动物的活动等)时所消耗能量的总和,一般以动物的呼吸率利排泄率来估计动物的能量代谢。其主要研究内容是闸明生物能量代谢的基木规律以及与环境闪子的关系。菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapesphil ippmarum)是我国一种重要的养殖贝类,关于其能量代谢的研究却较少,这种状况妨碍了菲律宾蛤仔养殖生态理论的完善和养殖技术的提高。本研究主要对菲律宾蛤仔呼吸率和排泄率的基本规律(能量代谢与体重的关系、能量代谢的昼夜变化)及其与环境因子(饵料浓度、水温、栖息底质环境)的关系进行探讨。研究结果如下:1.不同体重菲律宾蛤仔代谢率小同。实验川菲律宾蛤仔分三种大小:l(干肉重为0.07-0.14g)、ll(干肉重0.27-0.34g)、III(干肉重0.45~0.63g)。温度包括:26℃(八月)、20℃(十月)、1 5℃(十二月)、9℃(一月)。实验共设四个饵料浓度:2.28±0.25,6.454±0.44,10.284±0.82,15.414±1.56mgTPM/L(TPM,总颗粒物),饵料中POM(颗粒有机物)含量都为4.68±1.64 mg/L。常温下菲律宾蛤仔代谢率随着体重的增大而增大。15℃、20~C、26℃时蛤仔呼吸率与干肉重呈明显的幂函数关系R=aW~b,a值变动范围为0.1076-0.3309;b值变动范围为0.239l~0.8381;蛤仔排泄率与干肉重也呈明显的幂函数关系N=aW~b,a值变动范围为14.213~68.362:b值变动范围为0.3673-1.1 532。9℃(饵料浓度为2.28±0.25mgTPM/L)、20℃(饵料浓度为10.284-0.82mgTPM/L)、26℃(饵料浓度为6.454±0.44mgTPM/L)时不同体重蛤仔氧氮比差异显著,其它情况下不同体重蛤仔氧氮比差异不显著。2.常温下菲律宾蛤仔代谢率受饵料浓度的影响,不同大小蛤仔受饵料浓度的影响程度不同。I组蛤仔呼吸率受饵料浓度的显著影响,II组III组蛤仔呼吸率只在9℃(一月)和26~C(八月)时受饵料浓度的显著影响。26℃时影响最显著,26℃时I组蛤仔在饵料浓度为2.28±0.25,6.45±0.44,l0.28±0.82,15.4l±1.56mgTPM/L时呼吸率分别是O.086,0.146,0.073,0.093(mlO_2/h);ll组蛤仔在上述浓度饵料中呼吸率分别是0.138,0.214,0.J 26,0.12l(mlO_2/h);III组蛤仔在上述浓度饵料中呼吸率分别是0.129,0.266,0.186,0.192(mlO_2/h)。菲律宾蛤仔呼吸率在饵料浓度为6.45±0.44 mgTPM/L时最高,蛤仔呼吸率在其它饵料浓度时都会降低。菲律宾蛤仔排泄率在饵料浓度为10.28±0.82 mgTPM/L和15.4l士1.56mgTPM/L时显著高于其它浓度组,9℃时这种趋势更明显,9℃时饵料浓度为2.28±0.25,6.454±044,lO.284±0.82,15.41±1.56mgTPM/L中I组蛤仔排泄率分别是4.297,2.874,8.003,6.658(μgNH_3-N/h);II组蛤仔在上述浓度饵料中排泄率分别是4.011,3.609,10.427,12.732(μgNH_3-N/h);III组蛤仔在上述浓度饵料中排泄率分别是2.28 l,6.452,10.283,15.417(μgNH_3-N/h)。3.菲律宾蛤仔代谢率受自然温度的显著影Ⅱ向。I组蛤仔在9℃、15℃、20℃、26℃时呼吸率平均为0.057,0.085,0.039,O.099;II组蛤仔在上述四个温度中呼吸率平均为0.08,O.128,0.089,0.149(mlO_2/h),I组和II组蛤仔在9℃和20~C时呼吸率较低,在26℃时呼吸率最高。III组蛤仔在上述四个温度中呼吸率平均为0.09,O.1 59,O.143,O.193(mlO_2/h),在9℃时llI组蛤仔呼吸率显著低于其它温度组。温度为9℃、15℃、20℃、26℃时l组蛤仔排泄率平均为5.458,13.169,4.946,11.138(μgNH_3-N/h):II组蛤仔在上述温度中排泄率平均为7.695,23.578,8.319,23.90l(μgNH_3-N/h);III组蛤仔在上述温度中排泄率平均为11.738,27.443,15.658,35.407(μgNH_3-N/h),蛤仔排泄率在15℃和26℃时均高于9℃和20℃。4.摄食状态与饥饿状态菲律宾蛤仔代谢率有明显不同。26℃时蛤仔静止状态呼吸率平均为0.336(m102/g干重.h),摄食状态呼吸率平均为0.656(ml0_2干重.h),摄食状态呼吸率比静止状态平均升高了0 32(ml0_2/g干重.h);26℃时蛤仔静止状态排泄率平均为39.471(μgNH_3-N/g干重.h),摄食状态排泄率平均为88.08(μgNH_3-N/g干重.h),摄食状态排泄率比静止状态排泄率平均升高了48.6(μgNH_3-N/g干重.h)。摄食状态代谢率平均是静止状态的2~3倍。根据摄食引起的呼吸率和排泄率升高量得出每氧化产生lμgNH_3-N需0_2量平均为7.05μl。5.人工控制温度对菲律宾蛤仔代谢率有明显影响。不同大小蛤仔受温度的影响程度不同。在温度5℃、10℃、l 5℃、20℃、26℃,I组和II组蛤仔呼吸率都随着温度的升高而升高,在10℃~l5℃和20℃~26℃这二个温度变化范围内呼吸率变化最大,在20℃~26℃时I组蛤仔呼吸率变动范围为O.85~1.04(m10_2/g干重.h)、II组蛤仔变动范围为0.57~0.86(ml0_2/g干重.h)。III组蛤仔呼吸率只在5℃~l0℃时明显增高,变动范围为0.09~0.5l(m10_2/g干重.h),在10℃~26℃范围内变化不大。I组和II组蛤仔排泄率随着温度的升高而升高,变动幅度较大,在5℃~26℃范围内其排泄率变动范围为10.32~81.53(μgNH_3-N/g干重.h);而 III组蛤仔排泄率只在5℃~15℃时随着温度的升高而升高,其排泄率变动范围为6.75~23.77(μgNH_3-N/g干重.h),在15℃~26℃范围内几乎不变。III组蛤仔的适温范围比I组和II组蛤仔广。菲律宾蛤仔在5℃和10℃时氧氮比变化明显,变动范围为2.76~11.44,在15~26℃时变化不大。6.菲律宾蛤仔代谢率有明显的日节律性,呈正弦曲线型变化。蛤仔夜问代谢率明显升高。I组蛤仔夜间呼吸率平均为0.867(m10_2/g干重.h),白天呼吸率平均为O.504(m10_2/g干重.h);II组蛤仔夜间呼吸率平均为0.438(m10_2/g干重.h),白天呼吸率平均为0.36l(m102/g干重.h);III组蛤仔夜间呼吸率平均为0.409(m10_2/g干重.h),白天呼吸率平均为0.252(m102/g干重.h)。在22:00-23:00菲律宾蛤仔呼吸率最高。7.底质环境对菲律宾蛤仔的代谢率有明显影响。在饥饿状态下菲律宾蛤仔在泥沙底质中呼吸率平均为l 406(m10_2/g干重h),在无泥沙环境中呼吸率平均为O.963(ml0_2/g干重.h);摄食状态下菲律宾蛤仔在泥沙底质中呼吸率平均为1.59l(m102/g干重.h),在无泥沙环境中呼吸率平均为1.115(m10_2/g干重.h)。在饥饿状态下菲律宾蛤仔在泥沙底质中排泄率平均为78.934(μgNH_3-N/g 干重.h),在无泥沙环境巾排泄率平均为45.043(μgNH_3-N/g干重.h);摄食状态下菲律宾蛤仔在泥沙底质中排泄率平均为87.12l(μgNH_3-N/g干重.h),在无泥沙底质中排泄率平均为58.354(μgNH_3-N/g干重.h)。蛤仔在泥沙环境中呼吸率和排泄率都明显升高。
Resumo:
TO understand possible reproductive interaction between Crassostrea ariakensis (Fujita, 1913) and C. sikamea (Amemiya, 1928), which coexist ill estuaries of China and Japan, we conducted 2 X 2 factorial crosses between the two species. Asymmetry in fertilization success was observed where C. sikamea eggs can be fertilized be C. ariakensis the receprocal cross resulted in no fertilization. Fertilization Success ill C.sikamea female X C. ariakemvis male (SA) crosses was lower than that in the two intraspecific crosses and produced larvae that had similar growth the rate as their maternal species during the first nine days because of maternal effects. After that, genome incompatibility casted negative effects on the growth and survival of the hybrid larvae. Most hybrid larvae died during metamorphosis. but a small number of spat survived. Genetic analysis revealed that the survived SA spat contained DNA from both species and were the hybried. This study demonstrates that hybridization between C. ariakensis and C. sikamea is possible in one direction.
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Six new bromophenols, 3-bromo-4,5-bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl)pyrocatechol (1), 2,2',3-tribromo-3',4,4',5-tetrahydroxy-6'-hydroxymethyldiphenylmethane (2), 2,2',3-tribromo-3',4,4',5-tetrahydroxy-6'-ethyloxymethyldiphenylmethane (3),(+/-)-2-methyl-3-(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxyphenyl)propylaldehyde (4), (+/-)-2-methyl-3-(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxyphenyl)propylaldehyde dimethyl acetal (5), and 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester (6), together with eight known bromophenols, 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (7), 2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol (lanosol, 8), 2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl methyl ether (9), 2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl ethyl ether (10), 2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzylaldehyde (11), bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether (12), 3-bromo-4-(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl)-5-methoxymethylpyrocatechol (13), and 2,2',3,3'-tetrabromo-4,4',5,5'-tetrahydroxydiphenyl methane (14), were isolated from the red alga Rhodomela confervoides. Their structures were elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic methods including IR, HRFABMS, and 1D and 2D NMR techniques.
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Two new bromoindole alkaloids have been isolated from the ethanolic extract of the red alga Laurencia similis. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods (including 1D and 2D NMR technique), their structures have been elucidated as 2,2',5,5',6,6'-sixibromo-3, 3'-bi-1H-indole and 3, 5-dibromo-1-methylindole, respectively. (C) 2008 Xiao Bin Zhu. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
Resumo:
非颤抖性产热是小型哺乳动物的一种重要产热方式。关于其定量测定,一般采用注射去甲肾上腺素(norepinephrine,NE)诱导的最大耗氧量的方式获得。因此,去甲肾上腺素剂量的选择就显得很重要。我们利用常用的3种经验公式计算剂量,即:(1)NE(mg/kg DK)=2.53W^-0.4;(2)NE(mg/kg)=3.3W^0.458;和(3)NE(mg/kg)=6.6W^0.458,W是体重(g),以布氏田鼠为实验对象,测定了3种剂量诱导的非颤抖性产热情况。结果表明,3种剂量都能诱导出最大非颤抖性产热能力,在非颤抖性产热大小上没有显著性差异,分别为6.190±1.342(公式1)、6.166±0.852(公式2)和7.005±1.501(公式3),但公式(3)剂量下体温增加程度显著高于前两个剂量,分别增加了1.9±0.9℃(公式3)、0.9±0.2℃(公式1)和0.7±0.2℃(公式2)。为了防止动物体温过高引起死亡,我们推荐公式(1)和(或)(2)。
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采用高效液相色谱/质谱法(HPLC/MS)分析抱茎獐牙菜提取物中5种苷性成分。在C18柱上,以甲醇(A:含20%水)和水(B:含10%甲醇)为流动相,流速1mL/min,线性梯度洗脱B从100%到0%,35min,液相色谱-质谱质联用(LC/MS),大气压化学电离源(APCI),对其中5种苷性成分进行定性鉴定。经HPLC/APCIMS分析确证,抱茎獐牙菜提取物中含有獐牙菜苦苷(swertiamarin)、龙胆苦苷(gentiopicroside)、獐牙菜苷(sweroside)、异红草苷(isoorientin)和獐牙菜山酮苷(swertianolin)。采用外标法定量,回收率分别为98.3%、106.7%、92.3%、88.2%和107.3%,该方法简便、快速、准确。
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根据天然草地退化程度的差异,采用松耙+补播+施肥+封育(退化较严重的草地)、封育+施肥(轻度退化草地)等措施,植物群落物种组成、多样性等特征值及其植被盖度发生明显变化.研究第2年结果表明,物种数封育+施肥处理最高(32种),对照居中(26种),补播+施肥处理最低(13种);多样性指数大小依次为封育+施肥(3.126)、对照(2.819)、补播+施肥(1.494);均匀度指数大小依次为封育+施肥(0.902)、对照(0.865)、补播+施肥(0.582);群落总盖度大小依次为封育+施肥(85.9%)、补播+施肥(79.7%)、对照(72.9%);补播+施肥+封育处理后地上生物量最大(460.65 g/m2),原生植被+封育+施肥处理居中(310.14 g/m2),对照最低(178.96 g/m2);地下生物量大小依次为封育+施肥(6 920.37 g/m2)、补播+施肥(1 458.96 g/m2)、对照(828.91 g/m2);补播+施肥+封育处理优良牧草较对照提高近50倍,杂草类减少82.81%,封育+施肥处理较对照良牧草比例提高48倍,杂草类比例减少80.46%.半人工草地通过灭除杂草和施肥相结合的示范试验表明:单纯进行灭杂,地上生物量减少,灭杂和施肥相结合不仅可提高地上生物量,而且可提高优良牧草的比例;不同处理区土壤养分含量各不相同,其中封育+施肥处理全氮、全碳、有机碳最高,对照居中,补播+施肥较低.
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在Y字型选择箱中进行3种不同熟悉处理的配偶选择实验以检验动情雌性根田鼠配偶选择时的亲属识别和近交回避。(1)动情雌鼠在熟悉雄性同胞和陌生非同胞之间嗅添频次和时间、及自我修饰时间的差异非常显著(P<0.01),所作的脊柱前凸反应时间也有显著差异(P<0.05),这些行为均多针对于陌生非同胞雄性。结果提示动情雌性根田鼠在熟知雄性同胞身份的条件下对陌生非亲属雄性的气味更感兴趣,在择偶中与非亲属雄性交配来实现近交回避。(2)动情雌鼠对陌生雄性非同胞的嗅添频次和时间及所作的脊柱前凸反应时间显著大于陌生同胞雄性(P<0.05),而针对陌生雄性非同胞自我修饰时间非常显著地大于针对陌生雄性同胞(P<0.01)。这说明动情雌性根田鼠在择偶时可以识别断奶后分离不熟悉的雄性亲属,而在交配行为上偏向于非亲属雄性。(3)动情雌鼠在熟悉雄性同胞和非同胞之间跃添时间差异明显(P<0.05),嗅添频次的差异更甚(P<0.01);所作的脊柱前凸反应时间和社交后自我修饰时间差异也非常显著(P<0.01),这些行为也均都偏向于非同胞雄性;结果提示断奶后继续熟悉可维持动情雌鼠对雄性亲属的嗅觉识别记忆力,在交配行为上主动回避亲属雄性。故认为:断奶后嗅觉识别持久力是发情雌性根田鼠亲属识别的机制,亲属识别是最初发情的雌性根田鼠配偶选择中近交回避的首要途径和机制,熟悉性是维持雌性根田鼠配偶选择实现近交回避的机制和特征。
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A pre-column derivatization method for the sensitive determination of amino acids and peptides using the tagging reagent 1,2-benzo-3,4dihydrocarbazole-9-ethyl chloroformate (BCEOC) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection has been developed. Identification of derivatives was carried out by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MS/MS). The chromophore of 2-(9-carbazole)-ethyl chloroformate (CEOC) reagent was replaced by 1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole functional group, which resulted in a sensitive fluorescence derivatizing reagent BCEOC. BCEOC can easily and quickly label peptides and amino acids. Derivatives are stable enough to be efficiently analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The derivatives showed an intense protonated molecular ion corresponding m/z (M + H)(+) under electrospray ionization (ESI) positive-ion mode with an exception being Tyr detected at negative mode. The collision-induced dissociation of protonated molecular ion formed a product at m/z 246.2 corresponding to the cleavage of C-O bond of BCEOC molecule. Studies on derivatization demonstrate excellent derivative yields over the pH 9.0-10.0. Maximal yields close to 100% are observed with a 3-4-fold molar reagent excess. Derivatives exhibit strong fluorescence and extracted detzvatization solution with n-hexane/ethyl acetate (10:1, v/v) allows for the direct injection with no significant interference from the major fluorescent reagent degradation by-products, such as 1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole-9-ethanol (BDC-OH) (a major by-product), mono- 1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole-9-ethyl carbonate (BCEOC-OH) and bis-(1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole-9-ethyl) carbonate (BCEOC)(2). In addition, the detection responses for BCEOC derivatives are compared to those obtained with previously synthesized 2-(9-carbazole)-ethyl chloroformate (CEOC) in our laboratory. The ratios AC(BCEOC)/AC(CEOC) = 2.05-6.51 for fluorescence responses are observed (here, AC is relative fluorescence response). Separation of the derivatized peptides and amino acids had been optimized on Hypersil BDS C-18 column. Detection limits were calculated from 1.0 pmol injection at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, and were 6.3 (Lys)-177.6 (His) fmol. The mean interday accuracy ranged from 92 to 106% for fluorescence detection with mean %CV < 7.5. The mean interday precision for all standards was < 10% of the expected concentration. Excellent linear responses were observed with coefficients of > 0.9999. Good compositional data could be obtained from the analysis of derivatized protein hydrolysates containing as little as 50.5 ng of sample. Therefore, the facile BCEOC derivatization coupled with mass spectrometry allowed the development of a highly sensitive and specific method for the quantitative analysis of trace levels of amino acids and peptides from biological and natural environmental samples. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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纸币广泛地应用于人们的日常活动中,为了防伪纸币都统一印制了号码,每个印刷号码对应唯一的纸币印品。对印刷号码的检查普遍都是人工完成的,在长时间的检查工作中,很容易出现检测差错,而且效率低下。因此,对印刷号码自动检测识别系统进行研究是很必要的。印刷号码自动检测技术能降低生产成本,增强竞争力,具有很大的社会经济效益和应用前景。 本文针对人民币纸币印刷过程中对识别速度的特殊需求,开展快速纸币号码自动识别方法研究,且仅涉及号码中数字的识别。由于印刷过程中识别的对象为新币,且有良好的光照条件,因此,省略了图像预处理,仅通过字符定位分割和号码识别两个步骤实现纸币号码的自动识别。为提高处理速度,在号码分割定位中利用改进的投影法,避开图像倾斜校正环节,节省了分割时间;在号码识别阶段,提出了一种号码快速识别方法,综合利用数字的开口特征、数字的宽高比、穿线特征等多种特征直接识别定位好的数字。 为验证识别算法,采用以TMS320 C64系列DSP为处理器的VC4018型智能相机作为图像传感器和图像处理器,利用CCS环形光源作为照明设备,集成纸币传送装置和光电开关自动触发,建立了基于智能相机的纸币号码自动识别演示验证实验系统。 在良好光照条件下,对672张100元新人民币采集了10080幅图像,经测试,定位识别一张倾角在±10°范围内的纸币号码的时间在4ms以内,识别率为100%。实验结果表明,该算法简便,识别速度快,识别率高,且允许图像有较大的倾斜,可以满足实际工程在处理速度和识别率方面的需要。
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向海湿地位于半干旱的吉林西部平原区,特殊的地理位置和水文条件决定了湿地处于动态变化之中。在自然和人为驱动影响下,系统结构和功能发生明显的退化趋势,湿地面积缩小、调节功能削弱,区域荒漠化发展迅速。通过对湿地发育的环境背景条件分析,剖析了湿地退化的现状及驱动机制,水陆界面的脆弱性是湿地退化的环境背景条件,而气候干旱化、上游水的大量截流、水利工程设施及土地资源的不合理开发利用等自然、人为因素的耦合作用.加速了湿地的退化过程。基于湿地退化的现状和驱动机制,河流湿地退化的恢复必须从湿地的水文功能出发,考虑水资源的循环和转化.制定水资源综合利用方案及生态技术和生态工程措施。