353 resultados para 2-8


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1999年 12月至 2 0 0 0年 11月 ,对华中科技大学华瑜池的原生动物群落进行了研究 ,共检出原生动物 12 5种 ,其中植鞭毛虫 19种 ,动鞭毛虫 2 8种 ,纤毛虫 6 4种 ,肉足虫 14种 .对原生动物群落结构和功能的研究表明 :1)自然条件下 ,PFU原生动物群落的种类组成数及原生动物群落的群集速度相对稳定 ;2 )自然条件下 ,PFU原生动物群落结构和功能不受季节变化的影响 ;3)当PFU原生动物群落受到外界胁迫时 ,不管这种胁迫来自物化因素或是生物因素 ,其群落结构和功能都会发生

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记述了寄生在虎鱼体表、鳃和口腔的两种新车轮虫 :一种为东湖车轮虫 ,新种 (Tri chodinadonghuensissp .nov .) ,虫体直径 49 2— 6 0 μm ,附着盘直径 44 0 (3 7 2— 51 5) μm ,齿环直径 2 2 1 (1 9 2— 2 6 4) μm ,齿体数目 2 2— 2 8个 ,以 2 3— 2 4个居多 ,辐线 8根 ,口带绕体围41 0°,大核马蹄形 ,其外径 2 0 4μm ,核臂宽 4 8— 5 4μm ,小核短杆状 ,长 2 4μm ,宽 1

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调查了江口水库鱼类寄生单殖吸虫区系 ,检查鱼类 2 8种 1 6 3尾 ,发现单殖吸虫 6属 40种 ,其中指环虫属 30种 ,占虫种类的 75 %

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对宁夏沙坡头半荒漠藻结皮中22种藻(其中蓝藻10种,绿藻4种,硅藻6种,裸藻2种)进行了分离、鉴定;利用土壤磨片和电子探针揭示了藻体与基质间的结合方式;通过光镜、扫描电镜观察,从8个层次研究了藻类在结皮中的分布,并发现它们在微米间也呈“层片”分布规律,藻结皮由表及里依次为无机矿物质保护层(ca.002mm)、富藻层(ca.002~25mm)及疏藻层(25~50mm);藻丝通过胶鞘中多糖、蛋白质与粘土矿物质直接结合,或直接伸入矿物质内而网络、粘结着砂粒和土粒

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对三种环棱螺贝壳的壳高、壳宽、壳口长、壳口宽、体螺层高、倒数第 2螺层高和宽、后三螺层高 8个形态参数进行了分析 ,并对其齿舌的形态作了比较。结果表明 ,三种环棱螺 ,除铜锈环棱螺贝壳壳高和其它两种螺有差异外 ,贝壳形态参数及形态参数之间的关系并无显著差异 ,齿舌的形态也相似。因此作者认为梨形环棱螺是方形环棱螺的次级同物异名。

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在患暴发流行性发病鳜鱼的脾、肾、肝、鳃组织细胞的超薄切片中观察到直径为 12 0 150nm的二十面体病毒粒子 ,其截面呈六角形 ,有囊膜。将病鱼内脏与 10倍体积的PBS缓冲液制成组织匀浆液 ,过滤除菌后感染对数生长期的草鱼肾细胞。结果表明 ,该感染液在 2 8℃条件下 ,培养 36 4 8h ,生长旺盛的草鱼肾细胞开始出现CPE ,5 7d感染的单层细胞逐渐脱落死亡。该细胞病毒悬液具有感染性 ,可持续稳定地进行传代培养。感染细胞的病毒培养液 ,经差异离心纯化 ,负染制片 ,电镜下观察到大量的病毒粒子

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<正> 2、定时 无论投喂人工配合饲料还是鲜活饲料,都要定时投喂,通常在上午8点~9点,下午4点~5点,要根据天气变化,投饲时间稍提前或延后,都是适合的。定时可以使鳖类在一定时间内,到饲料台上摄食和分泌消化液的习惯,对鳖的生长十分有利。

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用小球藻(Chlorella sp.)为食培养萼花臂尾轮虫(Brachionus calyciflorus),食物浓度约1×10~6cells/mL,温度25℃,光照强度约40001x,昼长比LD=18:6。在1.0mL、0.5mL和0.25mL培养液中同时进行单个体和群体培养。结果发现:1)单个体培养时每个母体平均产卵量分别为12.0,13.8和7.8个;后代个体中混交雌体的百分比分别是46.38%,53.49%和55.83%。2)群体培养时,每个母体平均产卵量分别为8.7、3.1和2.65个,随密度增

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本文报道了红壤水体五湖水库底栖动物的种类和数量组成及其垂直分布与底质类型之间的关系。共计46种,平均密度883个/米2,平均生物量1.6386克/米2,其数量在不同底质类型中的分布形式为:淤泥>粘泥>硬泥。底质类型及其变化是影响五湖水库底栖动物数量分布的主要因子。

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本文记述了1988年2~8月间采自贵州省的49种小型甲壳动物。其中,有枝角类29种,包括2新种——长刺尖额(氵蚤)Alona longispina Chen et Yang sp.nov,,透明锐额(氵蚤)Alonella hyalina Chen et Cao sp.nov.和2个国内新记录亚种——毛尾靴尾(氵蚤)Dunhevedia crassp cilio-caudata(Sovinsky,1891),短角平直(氵蚤)Pleuroxus trigonellus breviconis Brehm,19

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<正> 一我国养鲤相传始于殷末周初,迄今已有三千余年的历史。在西周时,池塘养鲤逐渐成为一项生产事业;嗣后,经春秋战国,至秦汉,养鲤业已相当普遍了。鲤在地球上的出现较人类为早,它在第三纪中新世已分布于欧、亚两洲,但在第四纪冰川时期,欧洲大陆为一大冰块所复盖,

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本文确立了一个以草鱼体内肾细胞姐妹染色单体交换频率为指标的检测环境诱变或致癌物质的短期试验系统。采用硫堇-UV-Giemsa染色法,分析了草鱼体内肾细胞的SCD-2(注射BrdU后第二个细胞周期的中期分裂相的SCD)频率和SCE频率。用500微克/克体重BrdU体内标记5天,草鱼肾细胞SCD-2频率为8.58±0.22%;SCE频率为3.05±2.523 SCE_5/细胞。以丝裂霉素C(Mitomycin C,MMC)作为阳性对照,分析了化合物亚硝基胍(N-methyl-N~1-nitro-N-nitro

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<正> 1983年4月26日,我们在葛洲坝水利枢纽二江泄水闸下首的附近江段,采集到一尾性腺发育成熟的雌性白鲟,全长315厘米,体长263.5厘米,体重8 7公斤,性腺重11公斤。卵巢呈黑褐色,完全没有脂肪。卵粒发育均匀,形似绿豆,卵径为2.8~3.8毫米,怀卵量为74万粒,发育期为Ⅳ期(见附图)。这是在葛洲坝枢纽下游长江中首次发现的性成熟雌性白鲟。

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<正>1935年,渤海湾及山东沿岸海洋调查的工作报告,已在前中央研究院动植物研究所的业刊1937年2月8卷1期内发表了。该报告包括:绪言、海水的物理性、海水的化学性三部分。其中第二部分海水的物理性报告内,海流一章为著者当年所写的一个初步报告。这些资料,经再用英国利物浦大学海洋系教授伯劳得门氏公式作调和分析。根据分析结果,绘制海流图二幅。兹分测量方法、资料利用、记录整理、取代表值,调和分析、常流组合、绘制常流图、半日周期潮流组合、绘制半日周期潮流图、总结等十段,报告如下。

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Perfluorochemicals (PFCs) are emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and are widely present in the environment, wildlife and humans. Recently, reports have suggested that PFCs may have endocrine-disrupting activities. In the present study, we have developed a non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method to investigate estrogenic activities of selected PFCs using vitellogenin (VTG) induction in primary cultured hepatocytes of freshwater male tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Cultured hepatocytes were exposed to various concentrations of perfluorooctanyl sulfonate (PFOS), pentadecafluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-nonafluoro-1-hexanol (4:2 FTOH), 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctanol (6:2 FTOH) and 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluoro-1-decanol (8:2 FTOH) for 48h, while 17 beta-estradiol (E2) and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) were used as positive controls. A dose-dependent induction of VTG was observed in E2-, 4-NP-, PFOS-, PFOA- and 6:2 FrOH-treated cells, whereas VTG levels remained unchanged in the 4:2 FTOH and 8:2 FTOH exposure groups at the concentrations tested. The estimated 48-h EC50 values for E2,4-NP, PFOS, PFOA and 6:2 FTOH were 4.7 x 10(-7), 7.1 x 10(-6), 1.5 x 10(-5), 2.9 x 10(-5) and 2.8 x 10(-5) M, respectively. In the time-course study, significant VTG induction took place at 24 h (E2), 6 It (4-NP), 48 It (PFOS), 48 It (PFOA), 72 It (4:2 FTOH), 12 h (6:2 FTOH), 72 h (8:2 FTOH), and increased further after 96 It of exposure. Co-exposure to binary mixtures of individual PFCs and E2 for 48 It significantly inhibited E2-induced hepatocellular VTG production in a dose-dependent manner except for 4:2 FTOH. The estimated 48-h IC50 (concentration of a compound that elicits 50% inhibition of maximally E2-induced VTG) values for PFOS, PFOA, 6:2 FTOH and 8:2 FTOH were 3.1 x 10(-7), 5.1 X 10(-7), 1.1 X 10(-6) and 7.5 x 10(-7) M, respectively. In order to further investigate the estrogenic mechanism of PFCs, the hepatocytes were co-exposed to binary mixtures of individual chemicals (E2,4-NP, PFOS, PFOA and 6:2 FTOH) and the known estrogen receptor inhibitor tamoxifen for 48 h; tamoxifen significantly inhibited the ability of these chemicals to stimulate vitellogenesis. The overall results demonstrated that PFOS, PFOA and FTOHs have estrogenic activities and that exposure to a combination of E2 and PFCs produced anti-estrogenic effects. The results of the estrogen receptor inhibition assay further suggested that the estrogenic effect of PFCs may be mediated by the estrogen receptor pathway in primary cultured tilapia hepatocytes. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.