Pd/C-catalyzed hydrodehalogenation of aromatic halides in aqueous solutions at room temperature under normal pressure

The hydrodehalogenation of aromatic halides, catalyzed by Pd/C in aqueous solutions, yields arenes in short reaction times at room temperature under normal pressure. The nature of the solvents has an important influence on the reaction rates and the activity of the catalyst. The catalyst shows the highest activity in water. In the hydrodechlorination of 4-chlorohypnone, it was in water that C-Cl bond was easier to be hydrogenated, and in isopropanol that C=O was easier to be hydrogenated. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Analysis of aromatic amines by high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization by 2-(9-carbazole)-ethyl-chloroformate

2-(9-Carbazole)-ethyl-chloroformate (CEOC), a novel pre-column fluorescence derivatization reagent, has been developed for the analysis of aromatic amines. Taking five monocyclic aromatic amines (o-toluidine, aniline, 3,4-dimethylaniline, N-ethyl-p-toluidine, and p-phenylenediamine) as testing compounds, derivatization conditions such as pH of borate buffer, reaction time and fluorescent tagging reagent concentration have been investigated. By a one-step procedure, CEOC reacts readily with the aromatic amines to form stable derivatives with excitation and emission wavelengths, respectively, at 293 and 360 nm. This derivatization reaction could be finished within 20 min even at room temperature. The peak shapes of the derivatized aromatic amines can be improved greatly without any addition of competition amines into the mobile phase. Furthermore, this method can offer excellent quantitative precision with high tolerance of the matrix of samples. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

清水灌溉对消除城郊稻田土壤PAHs污染的作用

为评价清水灌溉对消除城郊稻田土壤多环芳烃(PAHs)污染的作用,提供土壤PAHs污染的工程治理理论依据,以沈抚污水灌区为研究对象,采集连续清水灌溉0,3,10和30年的污染稻田0～20 cm和20～40 cm土层的土壤样本,测定PAHs各组分含量,分析清水灌溉对消除稻田土壤PAHs总量及某些单一组分的效果。当前沈抚污水灌区稻田土壤PAHs总量在表层为612.3～6362.8μg/kg.干土,在亚表层为319.5～4318.5μg/kg.干土。随着清水灌溉年限的增加,土壤PAHs总量和16种PAHs单一组分含量均不同程度逐渐降低。清水灌溉10年后,土壤PAHs总量接近或低于土壤PAHs环境标准;单一PAHs组分仅菲含量依然高出环境标准。清水灌溉措施可有效消除由污水灌溉所造成的土壤PAHs污染,特别是高环PAHs污染,但是其作用周期需要10年左右或更长的时间。