土壤中钙键和铁/铝键结合的有机碳差异的比较

为研究矿质元素在有机碳矿化中所起的作用,以棕壤、黄棕壤、红壤为供试土壤,比较了不同利用方式和施肥处理土壤中钙键、铁/铝键结合的有机碳的差异。结果表明,从北至南的地带性土壤(棕壤、黄棕壤和红壤)系列中,全钙及与有机碳结合的钙依次降低,钙键结合的有机碳占有机碳总量的比值依次升高;铁/铝键结合的有机碳及其占全碳的比值依次升高。与自然土壤相比,耕作土壤在不施肥条件下,钙键有机碳、铁/铝键有机碳占有机碳总量的比值增加,且铁/铝键有机碳占有机碳总量比值的增加率始终比钙键有机碳占有机碳总量比值的增加率要高;覆膜比不覆膜时铁/铝键有机碳占有机碳总量比值的增加率比钙键有机碳占有机碳总量比值的增加率高得多。这表明,与全土有机碳相比,有机碳矿化稳定性由高到低依次是铁/铝键有机碳、钙键有机碳、全土有机碳。

银杏种子生长特性及其生理变化的研究

从纵径、横径、体积、重量等方面分析了银杏种子的生长特性及其生长过程中水分、糖类物质、脂肪酸、氨基酸的生理变化 .结果表明 ,银杏种子的生长过程曲线为典型的单“S”型 ,种子纵径、横径、体积、重量、绝对含水量随生长过程呈“S”形变化 .各种生理物质含量随种子生长过程呈规律性变化 ,且各有其特点 .其中在种子生长后期糖类物质总量表现出上升的趋势 ,表明它们是种子中主要的营养储存物质 .成熟种子含淀粉 8.4%、葡萄糖 6.7%、果糖 4.2 %、多糖 0 .0 2 %、二糖 0 .0 1% ;含肉豆蔻酸 10 .6%、棕榈烯酸 4.1%、亚麻酸 2 .4%、硬脂酸1.9%、油酸 1.1%、亚油酸 0 .4% .银杏种子富含 15种氨基酸 ,成熟种子中总含量为 1.5 6g·10 0 g-1FW ,其中以赖氨酸、天门冬氨酸、丙氨酸、精氨酸、组氨酸、谷氨酸、异亮氨酸的含量较高 ,它们的含量依次为 0 .2 87%、0 .163 %、0 .13 6%、0 .13 3 %、0 .12 3 %、0 .115 %、0 .0 95 % .

Microstructure and mechanical property of Mg-8.31Gd-1.12Dy-0.38Zr alloy

The Mg-8.31Gd-1.12Dy-0.38Zr (mass%) alloy was prepared by casting technology, and the microstructure, age hardening behavior and mechanical property have been investigated. It is noted that the alpha-Mg and the different Mg-RE (RE = Gd/Dy) compounds are subsistent in the as-cast and annealed state samples. The age hardening behavior is observed during the investigated temperature range, and the alloy exhibits high Vickers hardness, excellent ultimate tensile strength and yield strength at peak hardness.

毛细管电泳电化学法对苯丙胺的检测

建立了毛细管电泳电化学法检测尿样中苯丙胺的方法。以直径33μm的碳纤维电极为工作电极,在最佳检测条件即检测电位1.30 V,15 kV下电动进样3 s,选择电泳分离高压为15 kV,电泳缓冲液为pH10.0的20 mmol/L的磷酸盐,实验发现,在1.0×10-8~1.0×10-5mol/L范围内,响应电流与苯丙胺浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.998 4,检出限达3.3×10-9mol/L。对于浓度为1.0×10-5mol/L的苯丙胺,峰电流及迁移时间的RSD分别为2.4%和2.5%(n=7)。对于尿样中2.0×10-5mol/L的苯丙胺,回收率为75%。

Investigations of the properties of Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-xCe (x=0-3, wt.%) alloys

Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-xCe (x = 0-3, wt.%) alloys were prepared by metal mould casting method. The microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated. The results revealed that the main phases of as-cast Mg-5Al-0.3Mn alloy consist of alpha-Mg matrix and beta-Mg17Al12 phase. With the addition of Ce element, Al11Ce3 precipitates were formed and mainly aggregated along the grain boundaries. The amount of the Al11Ce3 precipitates increased with increasing addition of Ce, but the amount of beta-Mg17Al12 phase decreased. The highest tensile strength was obtained in Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-1.5Ce alloy. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and elongation at room temperature are 203 MPa, 88 MPa and 20%, separately.

Controllable Red, Green, Blue (RGB) and Bright White Upconversion Luminescence of Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ Nanocrystals through Single Laser Excitation at 980 nm

Lu2O3:Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ nanocrystals have been successfully synthesized by a solvothermal process followed by a subsequent heat treatment at 800 degrees C. Powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, upconversion photoluminescence spectra, and kinetic decay were used to characterize the samples. Under single-wavelength diode laser excitation of 980 nm, the bright blue emissions of Lu2O3:Yb3+, Tm3+ nanocrystals near 477 and 490 nm were observed due to the (1)G(4)-> H-3(6) transition of Tm3+. The bright green UC emissions of Lu2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals appeared near 540 and 565 nm were observed and assigned to the H-2(11/2)-> I-4(15/2) and S-4(3/2)-> I-4(15/2) transitions, respectively, of Er3+. The ratio of the intensity of green luminescence to that of red luminescence decreases with an increase of concentration of Yb3+ in Lu2O3:Er3+ nanocrystals.

Synthesis and characterization of nano-scale Terbium (III)-trimesic acid (TMA)-1,10-phenanthroline(phen) luminescent complex

The nano-scale luminescent complex of Terbium(III)-trimesic acid (TMA)-1,10-phenanthroline(phen) was successfully synthesized by co-precipitation method in this paper. The chemical formula of the synthesized complex was speculated to be Tb(TMA)(phen)(0.0125)center dot 5H(2)O by elemental analysis, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). XRD pattern of Tb(TMA)(phen)(0.0125)center dot 5H(2)O indicated that it was a new crystalline complex since the diffraction angle, diffraction intensity and the distance of crystal plane were all different from those of the two ligands. TG curve proved that the synthesized nano-scale luminescent complex was stable in the range from ambient temperature to 464 degrees C in air. TEM images showed that the complex was spherical shape with an average size of 40 nm.

阴离子聚电解质保护的金纳米粒子的制备及表征

采用NaBH4作为还原剂还原HAuCl4的方法,将阴离子聚电解质即聚丙烯酸(PAA)作为保护剂,成功制备了稳定性非常好的小粒径金纳米粒子.分别采用紫外 可见 近红外光谱仪(UV vis NIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、光电子能谱仪(XPS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和电化学等实验方法对所制备样品进行表征.实验结果表明,合成体系的pH和所用阴离子聚电解质聚合物链的空间位阻对金纳米粒子的稳定性起着非常重要的作用.

Electrooxidative polymerization of phenothiazine derivatives on screen-printed carbon electrode and its application to determine NADH in flow injection analysis system

The electrooxidation polymerization of phenothiazine derivatives, including azure A and toluidine blue 0, has been studied at screen-printed carbon electrodes in neutral phosphate buffer. Both compounds yield strongly adsorbed electroactive polymer with reversible behavior and formal potentials closed to 0.04 V at pH 6.9. The modified electrodes exhibited good stability and electrocatalysis for NADH oxidation in phosphate buffer (pH 6.9), with an overpotential of more than 500 mV lower than that of the bare electrodes. Further, the modified screen-printed carbon electrodes were found to be promising as an amperometric detector for the flow injection analysis (FIA) of NADH, typically with a dynamic range of 0.5-100 muM.

Synergistic extraction of lanthanum(III) from chloride medium by mixtures of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazalone-5 and triisobutylphosphine sulphide

The synergistic effect of 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-pyrazalone-5 (HPMBP) and triisobutylphosphine sulphide (TIBPS, B) is investigated in the extraction of lanthanum(III) from chloride solution. Lanthanum(III) is extracted by the mixture as LaCl2.PMBP.B-0.5 instead of La(PMBP)(3).(HPMBP) which is extracted by HPMBP alone. The equilibrium constants and thermodynamic functions such as DeltaG, DeltaH and DeltaS are determined. The extraction of other rare earth ions by mixtures of HPMBP and TIBPS is also studied and the possibility of separating rare earth ions is discussed.

Novel bipolar conjugated polymer containing both triphenylamine and oxadizole units

A novel bipolar conjugated polymer containing triphenylamine and 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole units was synthesized by Suzuki reaction. Its structure and properties were characterized by NMR, IR, UV-Vis, PL spectroscopy and electrochemical measurement. The photo luminescent spectroscopy and cyclic voltammograms measurement demonstrated that the resulting polymer shows blue emission (477 nm) and possesses both electron and hole-transporting property.

稀土有机配合物/有机-无机杂化材料的制备和发光性能

应用溶胶-凝胶技术,在有机-无机杂化基质中原位合成了铽芳香羧酸稀土配合物,并考察了其发光相能。激发光谱为一宽谱带,这说明铽离子和有机配体之间原位形成了稀土配合物,发射光谱表明稀土离子所占据格位较低。在所研究的浓度范围内(0.75%),并没有浓度淬灭现象发生。

Comparison of different methods for variable selection

In chemistry for chemical analysis of a multi-component sample or quantitative structure-activity/property relationship (QSAR/QSPR) studies, variable selection is a key step. In this study, comparisons between different methods were performed. These methods include three classical methods such as forward selection, backward elimination and stepwise regression; orthogonal descriptors; leaps-and-bounds regression and genetic algorithm. Thirty-five nitrobenzenes were taken as the data set. From these structures quantum chemical parameters, topological indices and indicator variable were extracted as the descriptors for the comparisons of variable selections. The interesting results have been obtained. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.