n-C_(16)H_(33)NH_3X和(n-C_(16)H_(33)NH_3)_2MX_4的红外光谱研究

在室温和液氮温度下研究了(n-C_(16)H_(33)NH_3)_2MX_4(简称C_(16)MX)及其相应化合物n-C_(16)H_(33)NH_3X(简称C_(16)X)于4000～50cm~(-1)范围的红外光谱。结果表明,它们都形成N-H…X型氢键,氢键强度是C_(16)X大于C_(16)MX。后者氢键的强度是按Cl>Br>I的顺序递减。C_(16)MX的光谱性质可按金属离子性质分为Cu~(2+)(Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Mn~(2+))和Zn~(2+)(Zn~(2+)、Co~(2+))两组,阴离子配位多面体的形状对其光谱性质有明显影响。还比较了室温与低温下的远红外光谱,证明了M—X键是离子键。

核磁共振波谱仪MLEV-16宽带去耦系统

在FX-100核磁共振波谱仪上建立了MLEV-16宽带去耦系统.对去耦电路的各级信号进行了分析,说明了MLEV-16去耦电略的控制关系.利用去耦电路实现了由计算机和可编程序器控制的宽带去耦,用波谱仪原有去耦功率作了~(13)C{F~(19)}氟宽带去耦的碳-13谱的观测,去耦范围达12.4kHz,可以满足大部分有机氟化物的~(13)C核磁共振研究。

Molecular identification of 16 Porphyra lines using sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers

Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) is a novel molecular marker technique designed to amplify open reading frames (ORFs). The SRAP analytic system was set up and applied to Porphyra germplasm identification in this study for the first time. Sixteen Porphyra lines were screened by SRAP technique with 30 primer combinations. In the analysis, 14 primer combinations produced stable and reproducible amplification patterns in three repetitive experiments. Among the total 533 amplified fragments, 522 (98%) were polymorphic, with an average of 38 fragments for each primer combination, ranging in size from 50 to 500 bp. The 533 fragments were visually scored one by one and then used to develop a dendrogram with Unweighted Pair-Group Method Arithmetic Average (UPGMA), and the 16 Porphyra lines were divided into two major groups at the 0.68 similarity level. From the total 533 fragments, I I amplified by two primer combinations, ME1/EM1 and ME4/EM6, were used to develop the DNA fingerprints of the 16 Porphyra lines. The DNA fingerprints were then converted into binary codes, with I and 0 representing presence and absence of the corresponding amplified fragment, respectively. In the DNA fingerprints, each of the 16 Porphyra lines has its unique binary code and can be easily distinguished from the others. This is the first report on the development of SRAP technique and its utilization in germplasm identification of seaweeds. The results demonstrated that SRAP is a simple, stable, polymorphic and reproducible molecular marker technique for the classification and identification of Porphyra lines. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

中国海鳃虱科（甲壳动物亚门：等足目）的分类学及动物地理学研究

寄生亚目是甲壳动物等足目10个亚目中唯一完全寄生的类群。成体是甲壳类的寄生生物，多附生于十足目的鳃室内或腹部，吸食寄主体液。大多数为海生种。由于其特殊的寄生生活方式，寄生亚目的外部形态变化很大，新物种的分化和形成使这一类群的种类多样度较高。鳃虱类的寄生使寄主的生长发育和繁殖受到很大影响，寄主难以达到性成熟进行繁殖。鳃虱类为了适应寄生生活，身体形态发生了很大变化，增加了鉴定的困难。与等足目的其它亚目相比，我国对寄生亚目的研究很少，黄海、东海的报道几乎为空白，南海的报道也仅限于国外学者对香港，台湾及其邻近海域鳃虱科的研究。因此亟需对我国海域寄生等足类进行全面而系统的分类学及地理分布研究。 本文研究的标本均为中国科学院海洋研究所标本馆馆藏的寄生亚目标本，采集地包括了我国南北各海区，包括渤海、黄海、东海和广阔的南海海域。通过全国海洋综合调查，和中越北部湾海洋综合调查以及中国科学院西沙群岛生物调查和南沙群岛海域综合调查，全国沿海的调查采集，获得了大量的鳃虱科标本。本文应用传统的形态分类学方法，结合电镜扫描技术对现有的所有鳃虱科标本进行了鉴定，并对其地理分布进行了研究。 寄生亚目现有的11科中，鳃虱科所包括的种类最多，也是到目前为止研究最多的科。该科共记录约630种，分别隶属于10个亚科157属。本文记录了中国海域鳃虱类7亚科43属（发现2新属，19属为中国海首次记录），87种（39新种，1新亚种，3个未定种）。其中黄渤海20种，东海27种，南海为52种，2种在3个海区均有分布，从数量上看，南海的种类明显多于黄渤海、东海，这说明中国鳃虱科区系以暖水性种为主。 本文对87种进行了翔实的描记，提供了雌性和雄性的外形图和主要鉴定特征图，给出了一些较小的雄性个体的扫描电镜图片，总结了亚科和亚科内属的特征，并附了检索表，修订了中国已报道寄生亚目的中文名称。 本研究是我国首次对寄生亚目鳃虱科的分类学和动物地理学进行全面而系统的研究，研究结果将改变我国在寄生亚目鳃虱科研究方面的薄弱现状，为今后进一步研究此类动物提供了重要的基础资料。

Isolation and characterization of novel marine Roseobacter clade members producing unique intracellular chromium-rich aggregates

The marine Roseobacter clade comprises one of the largest fractions of heterotrophic marine bacteria and accounts for about 16% of 16S rRNA gene clones retrieved from marine bacterioplankton. Their global distribution seems to be related to oceanic water masses and their environmental and biogeochemical properties. In this study, we report isolation and characterization of novel Roseobacter clade members from the Yellow Sea, China. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences reveals that the new isolates (YSCB1, YSCB2, YSCB3 and YSCB4) are closely related to uncultured Arctic seawater bacterium R7967 (99.57-100% sequence identity) and to the cultured Roseobacter sp. DSS-1 (99.27-99.76% sequence identity) isolated from the southeastern coastal water of the USA. Interestingly, YSCB strains possess unique intracellular chromium-containing aggregates. Therefore, these novel Roseobacter clade members exhibit a peculiar property in mineral biogeneration. (c) 2006 Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.

Fatty acids of some algae from the Bohai Sea

The fatty acid compositions of 22 species of marine macrophytes, belonging to the Ceramiales, Cryptonemiales, Nemalionales, Laminariales, Chordariales, Scytosiphonales, Desmarestiales, Dictyosiphonales, Fucales, Dictyotales and Ulvales and collected from the Bohai Sea, were determined by capillary gas chromatography. The contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (FAs) in the Bohai Sea algae, in comparison with the same species from the Yellow Sea were found to be lower. Red algae had relatively high levels of the acids 16:0, 18:1(n-7), 18:1(n-9), 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6), and those examined were rich in C-20 PUFAs, these chiefly being arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids. The major FAs encountered in the Phaeophyta were 14:0, 16:0, 18:1(n-9), 18:2(n-6), 18:3(n-3), 18:4(n-3), 20:4(n-6) and 20:5(n-3). C18PUFAs are of greater abundance in the brown algae than in the red algae examined. All three green algae from the Ulvales had similar fatty acid patterns with major components, 16:0, 16:4(n-3), 18:1(n-7), 18:2(n-6), 18:3(n-3), and 18:4(n-3). They contained 16:3(n-3) and more 16:4(n-3), were rich in C18PUFAs, chiefly 18:3(n-3) and 18:4(n-3) and had 18:1(n-7)/18:1 (n-9) ratios higher than 1. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

高性能16位单片机80C196KC的应用

介绍了１６位８０Ｃ１９６ＫＣ单片机的独特性能．组成由８０Ｃ１９６ＫＣ单片机、存储器、光电编码器、模数转换器、键盘显示器、电机驱动电路等构成的测控系统．有针对性地提出了改进措施，并给出了ＨＳＯ的应用实例．