A detection method for grass carp hemorrhagic virus (GCHV) based on a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction

A rapid, sensitive and highly specific detection method for grass carp hemorrhagic virus (GCHV) based on a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been developed. Two pairs of PCR primers were synthesized according to the cloned cDNA sequences of the GCHV-861 strain. For each primer combination, only one specific major product was obtained when amplification was performed by using the genomic dsRNA of GCHV-861 strain. The lengths of their expected products were 320 and 223 bp, respectively. No products were obtained when nucleic acids other than GCHV-861 genomic RNA were used as RT-PCR templates. To assess the sensitivity of the method, dilutions of purified GCHV-861 dsRNA total genome (0.01 pg up to 1000 pg) were amplified and quantities of as little as 0.1 pg of purified dsRNA were detectable when the amplification product was analyzed by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. This technique could detect GCHV-861 not only in infected cell culture fluids, but also in infected grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus and rare minnow Gobiocypris rarus with or without hemorrhagic symptoms. The results show that the RT-PCR amplification method is useful for the direct detection of GCHV.

Phylogeny of SARS-CoV based on high-dimensional information geometry

We proposed a novel methodology, which firstly, extracting features from species' complete genome data, using k-tuple, followed by studying the evolutionary relationship between SARS-CoV and other coronavirus species using the method, called "High-dimensional information geometry". We also used the mothod, namely "caculating of Minimum Spanning Tree", to construct the Phyligenetic tree of the coronavirus. From construction of the unrooted phylogenetic tree, we found out that the evolution distance between SARS-CoV and other coronavirus species is comparatively far. The tree accurately rebuilt the three groups of other coronavirus. We also validated the assertion from other literatures that SARS-CoV is similar to the coronavirus species in Group I.

Detection of avian influenza virus subtype H5 using a biosensor based on imaging ellipsometry

A novel method is reported for the detection of avian influenza virus subtype H5 using a biosensor based on high spatial resolution imaging ellipsometry (IE). Monoclonal antibodies specific to H5 hemagglutinin protein were immobilized on silicon wafers and used to capture virus particles. Resultant changes on the surface of the wafers were visualized directly in gray-scale on an imaging ellipsometry image. This preliminary study has shown that the assay is rapid and specific for the identification of avian influenza virus subtype H5. Compared with lateral-flow immunoassays, this biosensor not only has better sensitivity, but can also simultaneously perform multiplexed tests. These results suggest that this biosensor might be a valuable diagnostic toot for avian influenza virus detection. (c) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Nonapeptide突变体制备及抗新城疫病毒活性研究；Preparation of Nonapeptide Mutant and Antiviral Effect on Newcastle Disease Virus

以生物工程技术表达及120 g/L SDS-PAGE电泳纯化Nonapeptide突变体,取制备的Non-apeptide突变体进行抗新城疫病毒(NDV)的鸡胚试验、鸡体内抗NDV试验。结果表明,当Nonapeptide突变体基因产物浓度达4μg/mL～6μg/mL,对鸡胚保护率均达到100%,感染鸡胚全部存活;Nonapeptide突变体基因产物浓度大于4μg/mL,对NDV有很好的抑制作用,鸡用药后3 d体内检测不到NDV,低剂量组(2μg/mL)也有较好的抑制NDV作用,鸡用药后5 d体内检测不到NDV。Nonapeptide突变体基因产物具有NDV多克隆抗体相似活性,能够抑制鸡胚中和组织培养中NDV的繁殖,具有中和、抑制NDV吸附作用。

Influence of Hypericum perforatum Extract on Piglet Infected with Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome Virus

To study the influence of Hypericum perforatum extract (HPE) on piglets infected with porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV), enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and cytopathic effect (CPE) were used to determine in vitro whether HPE could induce swine pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs) to secrete IFN-gamma, and whether PRRSV titers in PAMs were affected by the levels of HPE-induced IFN-gamma. HPE (200 mg kg(-1)) was administrated by oral gavage to piglets infected with the PRRSV in vivo to observe whether HPE affected the viremia, lung viral titers, and weight gain of piglets infected with PRRSV. The results showed that HPE was capable of inducing PAMs to produce IFN-gamma in a dose dependent manner and HPE pretreatment was capable of significantly reducing PRRSV viral titers in PAMs (P<0.01). Administration of HPE to the PRRSV-infected animals significantly (P<0.05) reduced viremia over time as compared with the PRRSV-infected animals. But there was not significant decrease in lung viral titers at day 21 post-infection between the HPE-treated animals and the PRRSV-infected control piglets. There were no significant differences in weight gain over time among the HPE-treatment animals, the normal control, and the HPE control animals. The PRRSV-infected animals caused significant (P<0.01) growth retardation as compared with the HPE controls and the normal piglets. It suggested that HPE might be an effective novel therapeutic approach to diminish the PRRSV-induced disease in swine.

SARS起源于污染对病毒进化的加速诱导

针对当前广为流传的SARS病毒“太空起源说”和“野生动物来源说”两种理论 ,本文根据污染进化生态学原理和SARS病毒发病传染特征 ,以有关实验结果为科学依据 ,阐述了SARS病毒的起源问题 ,指出 :我国当前环境日益严重的复合污染为SARS致病病毒的产生提供了适宜的外部生态条件和物质基础 ,SARS致病病毒可能起源于多个病毒的基因重组或融合 ,更可能是一种来自于感冒病毒进化而形成的超级感冒病毒 .可以预料 ,这一推断将为彻底解决SARS的病源提供有价值的理论指导

SARS对中国入境旅游人数影响的研究

今年爆发的SARS对中国旅游业冲击很大。本文利用双变量ARIMA模型,结合突发事件后人的心理发展变化曲线研究本次突发事件对入境旅游人数的影响。根据同类事件旅游心理恢复期的研究,结合中国实际情况,笔者讨论了恢复期分别为12、18、24个月时,SARS对入境旅游人数的影响。当恢复期为12个月时,入境旅游同比增长率平均降幅为1796%,入境旅游人数共减少238493万人次;当恢复期为18个月时,入境旅游同比增长率平均降幅为1707%,入境旅游人数共减少311703万人次;当恢复期为24个月时,入境旅游同比增长率

SARS控制与预警地理信息系统

针对我国当前非典型肺炎(SARS)疫情防治工作的迫切需求,中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所基于其在地理信息科研领域具有大型国产GIS软件平台(SuperMAP)及其在辅助决策空间信息模型工具等方面的科研优势,紧急研制了“国家SARS疫情控制与预警信息系统”。该系统由五个子系统构成,是一个将空间定位、空间信息管理、空间信息分析技术和通信技术进行有机的整合,形成了前后端一体的SARS疫情实时传输、处理、分析和分布完整的信息系统。在SARS疫情的信息采集、管理、分析及其防治与监控措施的发布等方面发挥了重要的作用。

SARS控制与预警地理信息系统的研制与应用

针对中国当前非典型肺炎(SARS)疫情防治工作的迫切需求,作者基于其在地理信息科研领域具有大型国产GIS软件平台(SuperMAP)及其在辅助决策空间信息模型工具等方面的科研优势,紧急研制了“国家SARS疫情控制与预警信息系统”。该系统由5个子系统构成,是一个将空间定位、空间信息管理、空间信息分析技术和通信技术进行有机的整合,形成了前后端一体的SARS疫情实时传输、处理、分析和分布完整的信息系统。在SARS疫情的信息采集、管理、分析及其防治与监控措施的发布等方面发挥了重要的作用。