Improvement of Pt catalyst for soot oxidation using mixed oxide as a support

Catalytic activity of Pt catalysts for soot oxidation was studied using temperature programmed reactions. The activity of Pt loaded over TiO2-SiO2 (Pt/TiO2-SiO2) showed higher activity than other Pt/MOx systems (MOx = TiO2, ZrO2, SiO2, Al2O3. TiO2-ZrO2. TiO2-Al2O3, ZrO2-SiO2, ZrO2-Al2O3, SiO2-Al2O3). The activity was highest when the molar ratio of TiO2/(TiO2 + SiO2) ranged from 0.4 to 0.7. The effect of pretreatment with a gas containing low SO2 concentrations on the activity was compared for Pt/SiO2, Pt/TiO2 and Pt/TiO2-SiO2. In the case of Pt/TiO2-SiO2, the activity was markedly promoted by the pretreatment whereas no variation in the activity was observed for Pt/SiO2. The difference in the behavior towards the SO, pretreatment was attributed to property difference in the supports for sulfate accumulation. The high activity of Pt/TiO2-SiO2 was also confirmed under practical conditions with a diesel engine exhaust using a catalyst-supported diesel particulate filter (DPF). (C) 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Water reduction and oxidation on Pt-Ru/Y2Ta2O5N2 catalyst under visible light irradiation

Y2Ta2O5N2 is presented as a novel photocatalyst with high activity for water splitting under visible-light irradiation in the presence of appropriate sacrificial reagents; the activity for reduction to H-2 is increased by the incorporation of Pt or Ru as a co-catalyst, with a significant increase in production efficiency when both Pt and Ru are present.

Pt和Ir催化剂在中性电解液中对NH_3电氧化性能

比较了Pt和Ir催化剂在中性NaClO4电解液中对NH3氧化的电催化活性和选择性。发现NH3和NH4OH在Pt和Ir催化剂上的电氧化性能相似,因而可用NH4OH代替NH3进行研究。NH4OH在Pt和Ir催化剂上氧化峰峰电流密度与NH4OH浓度呈很好的线性关系,因而Pt和Ir均能作为控制电位电解型NH3传感器的催化剂。当NH4OH浓度为0.013 mol/L时,NH3在Pt和Ir催化剂上的氧化峰分别位于0.4和0.8 V,NH4OH在Pt催化剂上的氧化峰峰电位负于在Ir催化剂上的,这是Pt催化剂的优点,但NH4OH在Ir催化剂上的氧化峰峰电流密度为Pt催化剂上的2.5倍以上,说明NH4OH在Ir催化剂上的检测灵敏度远高于在Pt催化剂上的。

厚壁和薄壁碳纳米管载Pt催化剂制备和对甲醇氧化的电催化活性

制备了壁厚约5 nm、管径为140~220 nm薄壁碳纳米管(CNTs)和壁厚约50 nm,管径为80~200 nm厚壁碳纳米管。研究了浓HNO3处理对不同壁厚CNTs结构和表面基团的影响。结果表明,经硝酸处理后,厚壁CNTs的双电层充放电电量(Qd)和表面含氧基团氧化所需电量(Qo)分别增加了1.34和0.098 mC,薄壁CNTs的Qd和Qo分别增加了5.69和0.175 mC。表明与厚壁CNTs相比,薄壁CNTs易被切断,表面碳原子易被氧化。当用常规液相还原法将Pt粒子沉积在薄壁和厚壁CNTs上后,由于浓HNO3处理过的薄壁CNTs具有大的比表面积和多的含氧基团,Pt粒子更容易均匀的吸附在薄壁CNTs表面,因此,制得的Pt/CNTs催化剂对甲醇氧化有很高的电催化活性。

Pt/C催化剂对乙醇电氧化的粒径效应

利用有机溶胶方法,通过控制溶剂挥发温度制备了具有不同粒径大小的Pt/C催化剂.制得的Pt/C催化剂中,Pt粒子具有非常优异的均一性和良好的分散度.电化学研究表明,对于乙醇的电催化氧化,Pt/C催化剂存在着明显的粒径效应.当Pt粒子粒径为3.2nm时,Pt/C催化剂对乙醇的电催化氧化的质量比活性最佳.X射线光电子能谱(XPS)的研究显示,Pt/C催化剂对乙醇氧化的粒径效应与其零价Pt含量以及Pt粒子的比表面积密切相关.

Macroporous Pt modified glassy carbon electrode: preparation and electrocatalytic activity for methanol oxidation

Three-dimensional (3D) macroporous Pt (MPPt) with highly open porous walls has been successfully synthesized using the hydrogen bubble dynamic template synthesis and galvanic replacement reaction. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrochemical methods were adopted to characterize their structures and properties.

Carbon nanotubes decorated with Pt nanocubes by a noncovalent functionalization method and their role in oxygen reduction

Combined with polymer wrapping and layer-by-layer techniques, a noncovalent functionalization method is developed to disperse Pt nanocubes (NCs) onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs). By adjusting the relative ratio of Pt NCs to CNTs, nanotubes with different Pt NC loadings are produced. The composites exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity towards oxygen reduction.

Synthesis and assembly of Au-Pt bimetallic nanoparticles

Au-Pt bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by reducing the mixture of HAuCl4 and K2PtCl6 with ethanol in the presence of cinnamic acid (C6H5CHCHCO2H, CA) through a thermal process. It was found that the isolated NPs could gradually self-assemble into chain-like structures, ultimately to 3-dimensional network nanostructures by adjusting the molar ratio of CA to K2PtCl6. Energy-dispersive Spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction was used to confirm the formation of Au-Pt bimetallic nanostructures.

Hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde over Pt/RHCs in supercritical carbon dioxide - Influence of support pretreatment and phase behavior

The selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde (CAL) was investigated using rice husk-based porous carbon (RHCs) supported platinum catalysts in supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2). The effects of surface chemistry treatment of the support and the reaction phase behavior have been examined. The Pt/H-RHCs (HNO3-pretreated) was more active for CAL hydrogenation compared with Pt/NH3 - RHCs (NH3 center dot H2O-pretreated). The Pt/RHCs catalyst exhibited a higher selectivity to cinnamyl alcohol (COL) compared with commercial catalyst of Pt/C, which is relative to the micro - mesoporosity structure of the RHCs.

Green synthesis of nanowire-like Pt nanostructures and their catalytic properties

We reported a simple and effective green chemistry route for facile synthesis of nanowire-like Pt nanostructures atone step. In the reaction, dextran acted as a reductive agent as well as a protective agent for the synthesis of Pt nanostructures. Simple mixing of precursor aqueous solutions of dextran and K2PtCl4 at 80 degrees C could result in spontaneous formation of the Pt nanostructures. Optimization of the experiment condition could yield nanowire-like Pt nanostructures at 23:1 molar ratio of the dextran repeat unit to K2PtCl4.