215 resultados para Micro-Mechanics


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This book elucidates the methods of molecular gas dynamics or rarefied gas dynamics which treat the problems of gas flows when the discrete molecular effects of the gas prevail under the circumstances of low density, the emphases being stressed on the basis of the methods, the direct simulation Monte Carlo method applied to the simulation of non-equilibrium effects and the frontier subjects related to low speed microscale rarefied gas flows. It provides a solid basis for the study of molecular gas dynamics for senior students and graduates in the aerospace and mechanical engineering departments of universities and colleges. It gives a general acquaintance of modern developments of rarefied gas dynamics in various regimes and leads to the frontier topics of non-equilibrium rarefied gas dynamics and low speed microscale gas dynamics. It will be also of benefit to the scientific and technical researchers engaged in aerospace high altitude aerodynamic force and heating design and in the research on gas flow in MEMS

  • 目次内容                                                                
[1]  Molecular structure and energy states (21)  
 
[2]  Some basic concepts of kinetic theory (51)  
 
[3]  Interaction of molecules with solid surface (131)  
 
[4]  Free molecular flow (159)  
 
[5]  Continuum models (191)  
 
[6]  Transitional regime (231)  
 
[7]  Direct simulation Monte-Carlo (DSMC) method (275)  
 
[8]  Microscale slow gas flows, information preservation method (317)  
 
[App. I]  Gas properties (367)  
 
[App. II]  Some integrals (369)  
 
[App. III]  Sampling from a prescribed distribution (375)  
 
[App. IV]  Program of the couette flow (383)  
 
Subject Index (399)  

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《中国力学学会史》是《中国学会史丛书》之一。是一部全面系统记述中国力学学会建立与发展历程的专著。 《中国力学学会史》全书30万字,书中不但重点对学会的初创情况、发展过程、组织建设、学术交流、分支机构等进行了专门介绍,还特别收录了记述学会重大活动情况的大事记、名人与学会发展的丰富资料和一些极有史料价值的历史照片,旨在反映学会在不同时期的活动概况及其在中国力学界中发挥的桥梁与纽带作用。 中国力学学会是中国科协的组成部分,也是我国著名的学术团体之一,仅以此书的编著出版,纪念中国科协成立50周年和中国力学学会成立50多周年。本书可供力学界和科技界有关部门及工作者、各学会相关人员、大专院校师生参阅,也可作为组织和开展国内外学术交流研究的参考资料。

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《固体力学进展及应用:庆贺李敏华院士90华诞文集》收录了近代固体力学基础理论及其应用领域的重要科技成果和最新进展。作者是在同体力学领域工作多年的资深研究员,他们来自各行各业,有丰富的科研与丁作经验。他们提供的论文在相当程度上反映当前同体力学的发展现状与成就,并能看出发展趋势,对未来研究的课题选择有参考价值。《固体力学进展及应用:庆贺李敏华院士90华诞文集》还收集了李敏华院士的珍贵照片和纪念李敏华院士90华诞的庆贺和回忆文章,具有重要的史料价值。

目录

学术论文
星际超高速公路网
塑性波、动态屈服准则和动态塑性本构关系
LURR's twenty years and its perspective
铜晶体循环形变的晶体学取向特征
损伤、界面与材料强韧化
散斑方法用于疲劳问题研究
微薄梁三点弯曲尺度效应的理论分析
三峡坝区电力设施及水工建筑物在工程爆破引发振动激励下的动力安全评估
基尼系数的估算方法
颗粒增强复合材料的残余热应力分析和增韧效应
先进复合材料及其在航空航天中应用
我国船舶水弹性力学研究的部分进展
车桥耦合系统随机振动的虚拟激励分析
SHPB系统高温实验自动组装技术
Research on performance indices ofvibration isolation system
Dynamic testing of materials with the rotating disk indirect bar-bar tensile impact apparatus
先进复合材料层合板壳的自由振动分析
任意线法
阿基米德原型桥的动力响应
Criteria for the delamination of thermal barrier coatings:with application to thermal gradients
复合材料飞轮储能系统发展现状
The component assembling model and elasto-plastic-damage deformation of materials
Acceleration sensitivity analysis offrequency stability for micro-cavity oscillators
Prediction of muscle forces in human musculoskeletal systemapplication of classic mechanics methods in biomechanics
复合材料设计的原理与应用
A criterion for the avoidance of edge cracking in layered systems
基于滑移构元的多晶金属弹塑性本构模型
浅谈中国古建中斗拱的力学问题
A universal relationship between indentation hardness and flow stress
滑移构元模型和塑性屈服面的演化
加卸载响应比(LURR)与损伤变量(D)关系的研究
永乐大钟一悬挂结构动态响应分析
基于格构模型的混凝土动静态拉伸破坏试验数值模拟
边坡稳定性分析极限平衡法的简化条件
构元组集弹性损伤模型对准脆性材料损伤至断裂各向异性特征的分析
庆贺与回忆
庆贺与回忆
李先生引领我走上力学人生
李敏华先生的爱国情结
向李敏华先生学习
师恩难忘——恭贺李敏华先生九十大寿
跟随李敏华先生工作的日子

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The development and growth of microfluidics has stimulated interest in the behaviour of complex liquids in micro-scale geometries and provided a rich platform for rheometric investigations of non-Newtonian phenomena at small scales. Microfluidic techniques present the rheologist with new opportunities for material property measurement and this review discusses the use of microfluidic devices to measure bulk rheology in both shear and extensional flows. Capillary, stagnation and contraction flows are presented in this context and developments, limitations and future perspectives are examined. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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We consider adhesive contact between a rigid sphere of radius R and a graded elastic half-space with Young's modulus varying with depth according to a power law E = E-0(z/c(0))(k) (0 < k < 1) while Poisson's ratio v remaining a constant. Closed-form analytical solutions are established for the critical force, the critical radius of contact area and the critical interfacial stress at pull-off. We highlight that the pull-off force has a simple solution of P-cr= -(k+3)pi R Delta gamma/2 where Delta gamma is the work of adhesion and make further discussions with respect to three interesting limits: the classical JKR solution when k = 0, the Gibson solid when k --> 1 and v = 0.5, and the strength limit in which the interfacial stress reaches the theoretical strength of adhesion at pull-off. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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As a basic tool of modern biology, sequence alignment can provide us useful information in fold, function, and active site of protein. For many cases, the increased quality of sequence alignment means a better performance. The motivation of present work is to increase ability of the existing scoring scheme/algorithm by considering residue–residue correlations better. Based on a coarse-grained approach, the hydrophobic force between each pair of residues is written out from protein sequence. It results in the construction of an intramolecular hydrophobic force network that describes the whole residue–residue interactions of each protein molecule, and characterizes protein's biological properties in the hydrophobic aspect. A former work has suggested that such network can characterize the top weighted feature regarding hydrophobicity. Moreover, for each homologous protein of a family, the corresponding network shares some common and representative family characters that eventually govern the conservation of biological properties during protein evolution. In present work, we score such family representative characters of a protein by the deviation of its intramolecular hydrophobic force network from that of background. Such score can assist the existing scoring schemes/algorithms, and boost up the ability of multiple sequences alignment, e.g. achieving a prominent increase (50%) in searching the structurally alike residue segments at a low identity level. As the theoretical basis is different, the present scheme can assist most existing algorithms, and improve their efficiency remarkably.

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A new numerical procedure is proposed to investigate cracking behaviors induced by mismatch between the matrix phase and aggregates due to matrix shrinkage in cement-based composites. This kind of failure processes is simplified in this investigation as a purely spontaneous mechanical problem, therefore, one main difficulty during simulating the phenomenon lies that no explicit external load serves as the drive to propel development of this physical process. As a result, it is different from classical mechanical problems and seems hard to be solved by using directly the classical finite element method (FEM), a typical kind of "load -> medium -> response" procedures. As a solution, the actual mismatch deformation field is decomposed into two virtual fields, both of which can be obtained by the classical FEM. Then the actual response is obtained by adding together the two virtual displacement fields based on the principle of superposition. Then, critical elements are detected successively by the event-by-event technique. The micro-structure of composites is implemented by employing the generalized beam (GB) lattice model. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of the method, and detailed discussions are conducted on influences of material properties.

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The molecular mechanics property is the foundation of many characters of proteins. Based on intramolecular hydrophobic force network, the representative family character underlying a protein’s mechanics property is described by a simple two-letter scheme. The tendency of a sequence to become a member of a protein family is scored according to this mathematical representation. Remote homologs of the WW-domain family could be easily designed using such a mechanistic signature of protein homology. Experimental validation showed that nearly all artificial homologs have the representative folding and bioactivity of their assigned family. Since the molecular mechanics property is the only consideration in this study, the results indicate its possible role in the generation of new members of a protein family during evolution.

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微尺度力学的研究常遇到力学模型分析、复杂本构方程求解和跨尺度计算等问题,而传统的数学方法很难给出所研究的微尺度力学问题的解析解.该文探讨运用计算智能方法(主要包括人工神经网络、遗传算法和模糊数学等知识)对微尺度材料的力学行为进行研究.首先,采用人工神经网络建立微尺度材料的纳米压痕硬度随压痕深度变化的力学模型,并用其预测氧化镁材料的纳米压痕硬度;其次,运用遗传算法对A533-B号钢的球形压痕的载荷-位移曲线进行反分析,进而获取其力学参数.

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Since 2001, a research group in the Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has been devoted to the research of essential mechanics issues for submerged floating tunnel (SFT). In addition to the structural design of the SFT prototype in Qiandao Lake, the relevant researches cover a number of topics. This paper briefly describes the research procedure and results, including dynamic response of SFT due to surface wave, vortex-induced vibration of anchoring system, structural analysis of curved SFT, temperature effects of curved SFT, structural dynamic response due to accidental load, and effects of structural parameters (buoyancy-weight ratio, tunnel length,tether stiffness,etc.) on dynamic response.

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An ionic exclusion-enrichment phenomenon has been found at the ends of a nano-channel when electric-driven fluid passes through a micro-/nano-hybrid channel [1-3]. In our experiments, the hybrid channels are fabricated with two poly-dimethysiloxane (PDMS) monoliths microchannels (100um X20um X 9mm) and a nanoporous polycarbonate nuclear track-etched (PCTE) membrane (with 50nm pores). The flows are driven under different electrical potential and the test liquids with different PH values are used. The ion depletion in the source channel is observed by the MicroPIV system. In addition, the numerical simulations about ionic exclusion-enrichment in the hybrid channel are carried out. Some results are as followed:

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The new numerical algorithms in SUPER/CESE and their applications in explosion mechanics are studied. The researched algorithms and models include an improved CE/SE (space-time Conservation Element and Solution Element) method, a local hybrid particle level set method, three chemical reaction models and a two-fluid model. Problems of shock wave reflection over wedges, explosive welding, cellular structure of gaseous detonations and two-phase detonations in the gas-droplet system are simulated by using the above-mentioned algorithms and models. The numerical results reveal that the adopted algorithms have many advantages such as high numerical accuracy, wide application field and good compatibility. The numerical algorithms presented in this paper may be applied to the numerical research of explosion mechanics.

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Gas flow over a micro cylinder is simulated using both a compressible Navier-Stokes solver and a hybrid continuum /particle approach. The micro cylinder flow has low Reynolds number because of the small length scale and the low speed, which also indicates that the rarefied gas effect exists in the flow. A cylinder having a diameter of 20 microns is simulated under several flow conditions where the Reynolds number ranges from 2 to 50 and the Mach number varies from 0.1 to 0.8. It is found that the low Reynolds number flow can be compressible even when the Mach number is less than 0.3, and the drag coefficient of the cylinder increases when the Reynolds number decreases. The compressible effect will increase the pressure drag coefficient although the friction coefficient remains nearly unchanged. The rarefied gas effect will reduce both the friction and pressure drag coefficients, and the vortex in the flow may be shrunk or even disappear.

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The micro-scale gas flows are usually low-speed flows and exhibit rarefied gas effects. It is challenging to simulate these flows because traditional CFD method is unable to capture the rarefied gas effects and the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method is very inefficient for low-speed flows. In this study we combine two techniques to improve the efficiency of the DSMC method. The information preservation technique is used to reduce the statistical noise and the cell-size relaxed technique is employed to increase the effective cell size. The new cell-size relaxed IP method is found capable of simulating micro-scale gas flows as shown by the 2D lid-driven cavity flows.