PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF POLYPYRROLE FILM DOPED WITH A DAWSON-TYPE HETEROPOLYANION

The electropolymerization of pyrrole in the presence of Dawson-type tungstophosphate yields a polypyrrole (PPy) film doped with tungstophosphate anions on the electrode surfaces. The electrochemical behaviour of this film was described, and the stability

CATALYTIC BEHAVIOR OF METAL-IONS LOCATED AT DIFFERENT SITES OF HETEROPOLYCOMPOUNDS

It was discovered experimentally that heteropolymolybdophosphoric acids (HPA) with Keggin and Dawson structure are inactive for H2O2-decomposition, while their salts (Fe3+, Cu2+, Co2+ and Mn2+) all possess more activity. It could be concluded that the act

硅钨酸在膨润土上的固载化

具有Keggin结构的杂多酸作为一种新型多功能催化剂,在均相对许多反应都表现出优异的催化活性.近年来杂多酸正逐步在多个反应过程中实现工业应用.将杂多酸固载化以实现均相反应的多相化,因具有更大的实用性更令人瞩目.本文报道的是以经过化学处理的膨润土为载体,研究硅钨酸的固载化问题.

低碳烃类在杂多酸柱水滑石上的烷基化

水滑石是一种层柱状阴离子粘土,作为催化剂的第一篇报道见于1971年,而后Brocher和Kaempfer将其为作碱性催化剂用于加氢反应.Narita等人首先将层状氢氧化物([Zn_(0.67)Al_(0.33)(OH)_2](CO_3)_(0.17) 0.33H_2O)焙烧后制得的Zn_(0.67)Al_(0.33)O_(0.17)氧化物固熔体与具有Keggin的杂多酸阴离子α-[SiW_(11)O_(39)]~(8-)和α-1,2,3-[SiV_3W_9O_(40)]~(7-)的酸性溶液反应制得了具有层柱状结构的化合物.有关这类层柱状水滑石的催化性能迄今尚未见报道.

THE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF HETEROPOLY ACIDS (SALTS) AND MONO-LACUNARY HETEROPOLY TUNGSTOPHOSPHORIC COMPOUND IN THE OXIDATION OF ALCOHOLS

The catalytic activity of heteropoly compounds in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol and cyclohexa nol under phase transfer conditions has been studied. The catalytic activity of six kinds of heteropoly acids with Keggin structure will drop by the order of GeMo12 (H4GeMo12O40). PW12, PMo12, SiMo12, GeW12 and SiW12. When the three protons of H3PW12O40 Were replaced by Na+ step by step, the catalytic activity will raise gradually with the drop of acidity. The addition of base and trace amount of sulfuric acid to the reaction system resulted in an increase of catalytic activity. It was found that catalytic activity of mono-lacunary heteropoly compounds is higher than that of the primary heteropoly acids (or salts). The catalytic oxidation system of HPA-H2O2-PTC is very active in the oxidation of benzyl alcohol ana cyclohexanol, but it has little activity in the oxidation of inactive compounds such as n(or iso)-proplalcohol. n-butyl alcohol and n-hexanol. Solvent has great effect on reaction, when polar compounds such as water were used as solvent, the catalytic activity is better than that when non-polar compounds were used as solvent.

STUDY OF A 1/12 PHOSPHOMOLYBDIC ANION DOPED POLYPYRROLE FILM ELECTRODE AND ITS CATALYSIS

A phosphomolybdic anion doped polypyrrole (PMo12O403- + PPy) film electrode has been prepared by electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole in an aqueous solution of 0.5 mol l-1 H2SO4 or 0.5 mol l-1 KNO3 containing PMo12O403- anions, and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and in-situ UV-visible spectroelectrochemical methods. The film electrode obtained is very stable upon potential cycling in acidic solution, but not in neutral solution. The catalytic effect of the film electrode on the reduction of ClO3- and BrO3- was studied.

杂多酸(盐)及单缺位磷钨杂多化合物在醇类氧化反应中的催化活性

在相转移条件下,研究了杂多化合物在苄醇,环己醇氧化反应中的催化活性.六种Keggin结构杂多酸的催化活性按GeMo_(12)(H_4GeMo_(12)O_(40)的简写,其余类推),PW_(12),PMo_(12),SiMo_(12),GeW_(12),SiW_(12)顺序下降;杂多酸中的质子可分别被其它阳离子逐渐取代而达到酸性修饰.H_3PW_(12)O_(40)随着其质子逐步被Na~+取代,酸性下降,催化活性大大提高;杂多酸(盐)的催化活性随体系pH值的改变将发生奇妙剧烈的变化;单缺位杂多化合物显示出较饱和杂多酸(盐)更高催化活性.溶剂对催化活性有明显影响.

THE SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF MOLYBDENUM-SILICON BLUE

The single crystal of heteropoly blue, HsSiMo12O40.12H2O, the reduced product of molybdenum-silicon heteropoly acid, was prepared by electrochemical reduction and evaporation in nitrogen atmosphere. The Crystal structure of the product was determined. The heteropoly blue H8SiMo12O40.12H2O, Crystallizes space group P1BAR a = 1.3769 (3) nm, b = 1.4346 (4) nm, c = 1.4134 (4) nm, alpha = 120.47 (2)-degrees, beta = 110.70 (2)-degrees, gamma = 66.11 (2)-degrees, Z = 2, R = 0.0608. The heteropoly blue anion was determined to have Keggin Structure and alpha-isomer and it remained the structure of the unreduced heteropoly acid anion. But the distortion of the structure and the changes of bond length and bond angle take place obviously. The four Mo5+ Positions were determined in the structure.

杂多化合物催化性能的研究—酸碱对12-钨磷酸(盐)在苄醇氧化反应中的催化活性的影响

在所有众多结构的杂多化合物中,至今为止,具有Keggin结构的杂多酸(盐)是研究得最充分、也是唯一商品化了的杂多化合物。近年来,有许多关于Keggin结构杂多化合物作为催化剂的研究结果和应用报道。这些催化反应许多是在液相中进行的。由于杂多化合物易受酸碱影响而使结构改变或破坏,因此,反应体系中的酸碱度对杂多化合物结构的稳定性和催化活性都有明显作用。所以,研究酸碱对杂多化合物结构和催化性能的影响具有重要意义。本文考察了12-钨磷酸(盐)在苄醇氧化反应中的催化活性以及酸碱对催化活性的影响。

SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF HETEROPOLY MOLYBDOSILICIC LANTHANIDE K10H3[PR(SIMO11O39)2].18H2O

The intensity data of the title complex were collected at a low temperature of -90-degrees-C. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n, a = 17.504(2), b = 27.323 (5), c = 21.616(4) angstrom, beta = 104.49 (2)degrees, Z = 4. The structure was solved by Patterson and Fourier techniques and refined by least-squares to an R = 0.088 for 8320 independent reflections. The central Pr ion is bonded to eight oxygen atoms from two molybdosilicic heteropoly ligands to form a square antiprism. The Pr-O average distance is 2.44 (2) angstrom. Both molybdosilicic heteropoly ligands are of a defective alpha-Keggin structure.

杂多化合物催化性能的研究——单过渡金属配位的磷钨杂多化合物的合成、性质及其对H_2O_2分解反应的催化作用

合成了具有Keggin结构的杂多化合物K_7PW_(11)O_(39)·xH_2O(简写为PW_(11)),K_5PW_(11)ZO_(39)·xH_2O(Z=Mn~(Ⅱ),Co~(Ⅱ),简写为PW_(11)Mn,PW_(11)Co)和Dawson结构的杂多化合物H_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)·xH_2O及其钾盐K_6P_2W_(18)O_(62)·xH_2O(简写为P_2W_(18)和K_(10)P_2W_(17)O_(61)·xH_20(简写为P_2W_(17)),K_8P_2W_(17)ZO_(61)·xH_2O(Z=Mn~(Ⅱ),Co_(Ⅱ),简写为P_2W_(17)Mn,P_2W_(17)Co)。用热差热重、红外光谱、X射线衍射、循环伏安等技术对这类杂多化合物的性质进行了系统的研究,并对其结构和催化活性的关系进行了探讨。

α-K_3H_4[SiW_9Al_3(H_2O)_3O_(37)]·7H_2O的晶体结构

三取代杂多化合物的母体XM_9是由Keggin结构阴离子XM_(12)衍生而来.它有2种异构体:从XM_(12)中移出1个M_3O_(13)基团得B型异构体;从XM_(12)中的3个M_3O_(13)中各移出1个MO_6后得到A型异构体.Hervé等人曾指出α-和β-SiW_9均为B型结构,但Robert等在测定β-Na_9H(SiW_9O_(34))·23H_2O的晶体结构时发现,β-SiW_9为A型结构,α-SiW_9结构类型尚未定论,由于2种构型阴离子的配位能力及聚合能力不同,确定其结构类型及其变化情况是十分必要的,本文由α-SiW_9合成了α-K_3H_4[SiW_9A1_3(H_2O)_3O_(37)],用X射线衍射法测定了其晶体结构。

稀土钼硅杂多酸根配合物K_(10)H_3[Pr(SiMo_(11)·O_(39))_2]·18H_2O的合成及晶体结构

本文采用低温技术,在—90℃的干燥氮气保护下,收集标题化合物晶体的衍射数据,用重原子法解出结构。P2_1/n空间群,a=17.504(2),b=27.323(5),c=21.616(4),β=104.49(2)°,z=4.8320个衍射参与精修,最后的R值为0.088。中心离子Pr(Ⅲ)同2个钼硅杂多酸根中的8个氧原子键合,形成正方反棱柱配位多面体。Pr—O的平均键长为2.44(2)。钼硅杂多酸根配体具有缺位的α型Keggin结构。

杂多化合物催化性能的研究——Ⅲ.12-钼和12-钨系杂多酸催化的烷基苯与苯乙烯的烷基化反应

研究了 Keggin 型结构的12-钼和12-钨系杂多酸催化的烷基苯与苯乙烯的烷基化反应。实验发现,在12-铝磷酸存在下,烷基苯的烷基化活性序列为:间二甲苯>邻二甲苯>1,3,5-三甲苯>甲苯>对二甲苯;Keggin 型结构的杂多酸的中心原子和配位原子对其催化活性有明显影响,其中,12-钼磷酸给出最好的催化活性和选择性。根据动力学试验,求得了反应温度为 40—80℃时的苯乙烯反应的表观活化能为78.3kJ/mol.

11-钨硼酸钾的结构和振动光谱研究

标题化合物K_8H〔BW_(11)O_(39)〕·13H_2O属立方晶系,空间群P43m,a=10.710(1)A,V=1228.58A~3,Z=1;D_O=4.39g·cm~(-3),D_c=4.42g·cm~(-3)。(BW_(11)O_(3.9)~(9-)离子属于不饱和α-Keggin型结构,B原子位于O_a四面体的中心。测定并研究了化合物的IR和Raman光谱性质。