Synthesis of neodymium hydroxide nanotubes and nanorods by soft chemical process

A facile soft chemical approach using cetyltrimethylammoniurn bromide (CTAB) as template is successfully designed for synthesis of neodymium hydroxide nanotubes. These nanotubes have an average outer diameter around 20 nm, inner diameter around 2 nm, and length ranging from 100 to 120 nm, high BET surface area of 495.71 m(2) g(-1). We also find that neodymium hydroxide nanorods would be obtained when CTAB absented in reaction system. The Nd(OH)(3) nanorods might act as precursors that are converted into Nd2O3 nanorods through dehydration at 550 degrees C. The nanorods could exhibit upconversion emission characteristic under excitation of 591 nm at room temperature.

Morphology, structure, and properties of in situ compatibilized linear low-density polyethylene/polystyrene and linear low-density polyethylene/high-impact polystyrene blends

Blends of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) with polystyrene (PS) and blends of LLDPE with high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) were prepared through a reactive extrusion method. For increased compatibility of the two blending components, a Lewis acid catalyst, aluminum chloride (AlCl3), was adopted to initiate the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction between the blending components. Spectra data from Raman spectra of the LLDPE/PS/AlCl3 blends extracted with tetrahydrofuran verified that LLDPE segments were grafted to the para position of the benzene rings of PS, and this confirmed the graft structure of the Friedel-Crafts reaction between the polyolefin and PS. Because the in situ generated LLDPE-g-PS and LLDPE-g-HIPS copolymers acted as compatibilizers in the relative blending systems, the mechanical properties of the LLDPE/PS and LLDPE/HIPS blending systems were greatly improved. For example, after compatibilization, the Izod impact strength of an LLDPE/PS blend (80/20 w/w) was increased from 88.5 to 401.6 J/m, and its elongation at break increased from 370 to 790%. For an LLDPE/HIPS (60/40 w/w) blend, its Charpy impact strength was increased from 284.2 to 495.8 kJ/m(2). Scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed that the size of the domains decreased from 4-5 to less than 1 mum, depending on the content of added AlCl3.

Sol-gel-derived alpha(2)-K7P2W17VO62/graphite/organoceramic composite as the electrode material for a renewable amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor

The conductive alpha (2)-K7P2W17VO62/graphite/organoceramic composite was prepared by dispersing alpha (2)-K7P2W17VO62 and graphite powder in a propyltrimethoxysilane-based sol-gel solution; it was used as the electrode material for an amperometric hydrogen peroxide sensor. The modified electrode had a homogeneous mirror-like surface and showed well defined cyclic voltammograms. Square-wave voltammetry was employed to study the pH-dependent electrochemical behavior of c alpha (2)-K7P2W17VO62 doped in the graphite organoceramic matrix, and the experiment showed that both protons and sodium cations participated in the odor process. A hydrodynamic voltammetric experiment was performed to characterize the electrode as an amperometric sensor for the determination of hydrogen peroxide. The sensor can be renewed easily in a repeatable manner by a mechanical polishing step and has a long operational lifetime. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Cyclization in situ of isoprene polymerization catalyzed by Nd-Al bimetallic complex

Function of chloride and effect of various alkylaluminiums, C1/A1 molar ratio, solvents on cyclization in situ of isoprene polymerization catalyzed by Nd-Al bimetallic complex were studied. The structure of cyclized products was characterized by means of IR and H-1 NMR, The results indicated that in the course of isoprene polymerization with rare earth catalytic system, the function of alkylchloride introduced is terminating cis-polymerization and generating cationic species with alkyl-aluminums to initiate cyclization in situ. Soluble cyclized polyisoprene was obtained with fragments of cyclopolyisoprene.

Study on dimeric ion of toluene in the gas phase by tandem mass spectrometry

The reaction character of m/z183 and 184 ions generated from ion -molecule reaction of toluene under self-chemical ionization was studied using Collision-Induced Dissociation (CID). The results Show that the m/z183 and 184 ions have several transition state structures; such as diphenyl methane derivative, alpha-bond structure formed between toluene and tropylium, pi-complex formed between toluene radical ion and toluene and pi-complex consisted of benzyl ion and toluene.

Studies on fracture morphology of short carbon fiber reinforced poly(phenylene ether ketone)(SCF/PEK-C) composites

The shear fracture morphology of SCF/PEK-C composite with carbon fibers treated for different times was studied carefully by SEM. The result shows that the adhesion between fiber and matrix was improved and fractured model also changed from interface fracture to brittle fracture with increasing treatment time of carbon fiber. The fracture mechanism was discussed preliminary.

短碳纤维增强聚芳醚酮断面形态的研究

复合材料的强度是通过基体和纤维之间的应力传递获得的．这种传递可通过基体和纤维之间机械的、物理的和化学的结合来实现．因此，复合材料的界面结合很重要，它直接影响碳纤维在复合材料中的增强效率．短纤维在基体中由于其末端较多，其内部更易形成应力集中［１～４］．…

气相中甲苯离子-分子反应产物的串联质谱研究

应用碰撞诱导解离技术,研究了甲苯自身化学电离条件下离子-分子反应产物离子m/z 183和184的碰撞诱导解离(CID)反应特性.m/z 183和184离子碎裂反应具有多种过渡态结构,如二苯基甲烷衍生物结构、(艹卓)(钅翁)离子与甲苯形成的共价键结构、甲苯自由基离子与甲苯分子形成的π-配合物结构和苄基离子与甲苯形成的π-配合物结构.

Synthesis, structure and ring-opening polymerization of macrocyclic arylates containing phthalic unit

A series of macrocyclic arylate dimers have been selectively synthesized by an interfacial polycondensation of o-phthaloyldichloride with bisphenols. A combination of GPC, FAB-MS, H-1 and C-13 NMR unambiguously confirmed the cyclic nature. Although single-crystal X-ray analysis of two such macrocycles reveals no severe strain on the cyclic structures, these macrocycles can undergo facile melt polymerization to give high molecular weight polyarylates.

Studies on water-swellable elastomer .1. Synthesis and characterization of amphiphilic polymer

A new amphiphilic polymer i.e., polyethylene glycol (PEG) grafted crystalline neoprene, which was used as compatibilizer to improve the compatibility of elastomer and water-absorbent resin, has been investigated. The synthesis was based on the reaction between chlorine in neoprene and sodium salts of PEG. PEGs with molecular weights of 600 and 2000 were used. The grafting percent and the PEG content were calculated through elemental analysis of chlorine in the resulted copolymers. The maximum grafting percent of copolymers was ca. 24.80%. The molecular parameters such as number-average molecular weight and the average number of grafting chains on one CR backbone were also calculated and discussed. (C) 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

PHYSICAL AGING OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE THERMOPLASTICS - ENTHALPY RELAXATION IN PEK-C AND PES-C

The developments of physical aging in phenolphthalein poly(aryl-ether-ketone) (PEK-C) and poly(aryl-ether-sulfone) (PES-C) with time at two aging temperatures up to 20 K below their respective glass transition temperatures (T-g = 495 and 520 K) have been studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Substantial relaxation within the aging course of several hours were observed by detecting T-g decreasing during physical aging process at the two aging temperatures. The relaxation processes of both polymers are extremely nonlinear and self-retarding. The time dependencies of their enthalpies during the initial stages of annealing were approximately modeled using the Narayanaswamy-Tool model. The structure relaxation parameters obtained from this fitting were used to predict the possibility of physical aging occurring at their respective using temperatures. (C) 1995 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

四氯合铜酸苯铵盐的结构及其红外与拉曼光谱研究

制备了四氟合铜酸苯铵盐（Ｃ６Ｈ５ＮＨ３）２ＣｕＣｌ４单晶，Ｍｒ＝１８７．２６，由四园衍射数据确定了晶体结构，晶体属单斜品系，空间群Ｐ２１／ａ，ａ＝０．７１８４（１），ｂ＝０．７４４８（２），ｃ＝１．５０７０（４）ｎｍ，β＝１００．６７（２）°，Ｖ＝０．７９２４ｎｍ３，Ｚ＝２，Ｄｘ＝１．６５０ｇｃｍ－３，（Ｍｏ，Ｋａ）＝０．０７１０６９ｎｍ，μ＝４．０５６ｍｍ－１，Ｆ（０００）＝３９８，Ｒ＝０．０３８。在化合物中，ＣｕＣｌ阴离子形成正方平面四边形配位，平均Ｃｕ－Ｃｌ键长为０．２２９ｎｍ，这些正方平面阴离子通过来自邻接阴离子较长的氯键而连在一起，形成典型的４＋２配位。测定了此化合物的红外与拉曼光谱，由位置群分析对低频振动光谱进行了归属。