20世纪90年代LUCC过程对中国农田光温生产潜力的影响:基于气候观测与遥感土地利用动态观测数据

在20世纪90年代中国气候观测数据和遥感土地利用动态观测数据的支持下,计算了中国20世纪90年代农田光温生产潜力的变化.结果表明:20世纪90年代的LUCC过程直接导致了中国农田光温生产潜力总量和区域分布的变化,总体趋势是南减北增,总量净增加2622万吨;在各种土地利用类型之间的相互转变和转化过程中,耕地扩张和农田损失是导致全国农田光温生产潜力总量净变化的主要原因,耕地扩张使全国农田光温生产潜力总量净增加8335万吨,占全国农田光温生产潜力总量的3.50%,主要分布在东北、西北和华北等农林、农牧交错区和沙漠绿洲区,主要是由于该地区大面积的农田开垦所导致;农田损失使全国农田光温生产潜力总量净减少5713万吨,占全国农田光温生产潜力总量的2.40%,主要分布在黄淮海平原、长江三角洲、珠江三角洲、陇中、东南沿海、四川盆地东南部以及乌鲁木齐—石河子一带,主要是由于该区域经济发展较快,城市扩张明显,城乡建设用地大量侵占耕地的缘故.

双马来酰亚胺改性氰酸酯树脂及其复合材料

制备了一种新型的双马来酰亚胺改性氰酸酯树脂以提高这类树脂的耐热性,力学性能及成型工艺性。对合成的树脂作了流变分析,对其玻纤复合材料进行了力学性能测试和热失重分析,结果表明,当双马树脂达到改性氰酸酯树脂的质量分数的37.5%时,新型改性氰酸酯树脂的5%热失重温度为432℃。改性氰酸酯基复合材料在常温条件下的拉伸强度为492.4 MPa,弯曲强度为526.3 MPa

Simulation Study of Aggregate Morphologies Formed by ABC Linear Triblock Copolymers in a Selective Solvent Through the Self-Consistent Field Theory

The effect of the hydrophobic properties of blocks B and C on the aggregate morphologies formed by ABC linear triblock copolymers in selective solvent was studied through the self-consistent field theory. Five typical micelles, such as core-shell-corona, hamburger-like, segmented-wormlike, were obtained by changing the hydrophobic properties of blocks B and C. The simulation results indicate that the shape and size of micelle are basically controlled by the hydrophobic degree of the middle block B, whereas the type of micelle is mainly determined by the hydrophobic degree of the end block C.

Preparation and characterization of La2Zr2O7 coating with the addition of Y2O3 by EB-PVD

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) of La2Zr2O7 (LZ) with the addition of 3 wt.% Y2O3 (LZ3Y) were deposited by electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). The phase stabilities, thermophysical and mechanical properties, and chemical compositions of these ceramics and coatings were studied in detail. The phase stability and thermal expansion behavior of LZ3Y bulk material are identical to those of LZ bulk material, but the mechanical properties of the former are superior to those of the latter. Elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction indicate that compositional deviation of LZ coating can be optimized after doping by 3 wt.% Y2O3, Y2O3 acts as a dopant as well as a process regulator. The optimal composition of LZ3Y coating could be effectively achieved by the addition of excess Y2O3 into the ingot and by properly controlling the current of electron beam (i.e. similar to 650 mA).

Host-sensitized luminescence of Dy3+, Pr3+, Tb3+ in polycrystalline SrIn2O4 for field emission displays

SrIn2O4:Dy3+/Pr3+/Tb3+ white/red/green phosphors were prepared by the Pechini sol-gel process. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), diffuse reflectance, photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence spectra, and lifetimes were utilized to characterize the samples. XRD reveal that the samples begin to crystallize at 800 degrees C and pure SrIn2O4 phase can be obtained at 900 degrees C. FE-SEM images indicate that the SrIn2O4:Dy3+, SrIn2O4:Pr3+, and SrIn2O4:Tb3+ samples consist of fine and spherical grains with size around 200-400 nm. Under the excitation of ultraviolet light and low-voltage electron beams (1 - 5 kV), the SrIn2O4:Dy3+, SrIn2O4: Pr3+, and SrIn2O4: Tb3+ phosphors show the characteristic emissions of Dy3+ (F-4(9/2) - H-6(15/2) at 492 nm and 4F(9/2) - 6H(13/2) at 581 nm, near white), Pr3+ (P-3(0) - H-3(4) at 493 nm, D-1(2) - H-3(4) at 606 nm, and P-3(0) - H-3(6) at 617 nm, red) and Tb3+ (D-5(4) - F-7(6,5,4,3) transitions dominated by D-5(4) - F-7(5) at 544 nm, green), respectively. All of the luminescence resulted from an efficient energy transfer from the SrIn2O4 host lattice to the doped Dy3+, Pr3+, and Tb3+ ions, and the luminescence mechanisms have been proposed.

Theoretical investigations of La2C2 cluster

Possible structures of La2C2 were studied and proposed by use of density functional theory. All proposed isomers are planar. The results indicate that the structure with the lowest symmetry (C-1) is the most stable. Linear isomers are not favored.

Melt crystallization of poly(ether ether ketone ketone) under strong electric field

In this paper, melt crystallization of poly(ether ether ketone ketone) (PEEKK) under strong electric field was investigated. In the crystal structure of PEEKK, the length of c axis was found to he 1.075 nm, increasing by 7% compared to that of PEEKK crystallized without strong electric field. The molecule chains might take a more extended conformation through the opening of the bridge bond angles by increasing from 124 degrees to 144 degrees under strong electric field in the crystal structure.

PA1010/66共聚物的松弛行为

研究了PA1010/66共聚物在液氮温度与Tm之间的松弛行为与组成的关系发现不同的松弛温度及损耗因子随共聚物组成的改变而变化的趋势不同随66含量增加，Tγ总趋势下降，Tβ总趋势增加，Tα先下降后增加；tanδ(γ)·tan-1δ(α)和tanδtan-1δ(α)先下降后增加，tanδ(α)先增大后减小。66占50％时，Tγ、Tβ极大，Tα最小；tanδ(γ)tanδ(β)、tanδ(β)·tan－1δ(α)最小，tanδ(α)最大.

紫外光谱法测定杂多酸的酸强度

本文系统考察了以紫外光谱配合Ｈａｍｍｅｔｔ指示剂测定杂多酸酸强度的测定条件，选择出合适的指示剂和溶剂，并测定了Ｈ_４ＳｉＭｏｎＷ_（１２－ｎ）Ｏ_（４０）·ｘＨ_２Ｏ、Ｈ_３ＰＭｏｎＷ_（１２－ｎ）Ｏ_（４０）·ｘＨ_２Ｏ（ｎ＝０、２、４、６、８、１０、１２，ｘ＝１６～２５）两系列杂多酸在乙腈溶液中的酸强度，测定结果表明，改变杂多酸中钼和钨的配比，对其酸强度无明显影响。

Nd-AI双金属活性体的活性部位及其对共轭双烯烃聚合机理的研究

稀土催化剂活性体对双烯烃配位聚合的研究已有很多报道,使用催化剂活性体对双烯烃聚合机理的研究比以前所用的多组分混合物的催化体系显然具有很大的优越性。本文利用NdCl_3·3TBP和Ndel_3·3P_(350)配合物与Al(i-Bu)_3体系所得活性体合成了共轭双烯烃低聚物,用IR、~(13)C-NMR光谱研究了这些低聚物分子的链端结构,从而推测活性体的活性部位组成和聚合机理。

A centromeric satellite sequence in the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg) identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization

A highly repetitive satellite sequence was previously identified in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas Thunberg. The sequence has 168 bp per unit, present in tandem repeats, and accounts for 1% to 4% of the genome. We studied the chromosomal location of this satellite sequence by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), A probe was made by polymerase chain reaction and incorporation of digoxigenin-11-dUTP. Hybridization was detected with fluorescein-labeled antidigoxigenin antibodies. FISH signals were located at centromeric regions of 7 pairs of the Pacific oyster chromosomes. No interstitial site was found. Signals were strong and consistent on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, and 7, but weak or variable oil chromosomes 5, 8, and 10. No signal was observed on chromosomes 3, 6, and 9. Our results showed that this sequence is clearly a centromeric satellite, disputing its previous assignment to the telomeric and submetacentric regions of 2 chromosomes. No signal was detected in the American oyster (Crassostrea virginica Gmelin).