87 resultados para 16-156
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采用聚偶氮酯引发剂,合成了聚苯乙烯/聚丙烯酰胺嵌段聚合物(PSt/PAM)。考察了含偶氮基聚苯乙烯预聚物(pre-PSt)在1,4-二氧六环中引发AM的聚合反应行为,讨论了影响第二单体转化率和聚苯乙烯均聚物含量的因素。用元素分析、溶解性、红外光谱、DSC、TG和裂解色谱表征了PSt/PAM嵌段聚合物。
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用自组装技术在金(纯金和经阳极氧化的金)表面上获得了新型两亲聚合物PAMC_(16)S的有序膜。用接触角测试,XPS谱和电化学分析等方法对自组装膜进行了表征。根据膜表面的润湿性,金表面的自组装膜是疏水的,亲水的磺酸基团连于金表面,而疏水的碳氢链从表面伸展出。XPS实验结果支持金表面上单层膜的疏水结构。聚合物单层膜复盖的金电极起到含有针孔缺陷的阻膈型电极的作用。单层膜在法拉第反应中显示很强的吸附稳定性,说明聚合物LB膜在潜在应用中有其特有的特点。
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在室温和液氮温度下研究了(n-C_(16)H_(33)NH_3)_2MX_4(简称C_(16)MX)及其相应化合物n-C_(16)H_(33)NH_3X(简称C_(16)X)于4000~50cm~(-1)范围的红外光谱。结果表明,它们都形成N-H…X型氢键,氢键强度是C_(16)X大于C_(16)MX。后者氢键的强度是按Cl>Br>I的顺序递减。C_(16)MX的光谱性质可按金属离子性质分为Cu~(2+)(Cu~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Mn~(2+))和Zn~(2+)(Zn~(2+)、Co~(2+))两组,阴离子配位多面体的形状对其光谱性质有明显影响。还比较了室温与低温下的远红外光谱,证明了M—X键是离子键。
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在FX-100核磁共振波谱仪上建立了MLEV-16宽带去耦系统.对去耦电路的各级信号进行了分析,说明了MLEV-16去耦电略的控制关系.利用去耦电路实现了由计算机和可编程序器控制的宽带去耦,用波谱仪原有去耦功率作了~(13)C{F~(19)}氟宽带去耦的碳-13谱的观测,去耦范围达12.4kHz,可以满足大部分有机氟化物的~(13)C核磁共振研究。
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Sulfide: quinone oxidoreductase (SQR) is a flavoprotein with homologues in all domains of life except plants. It plays a physiological role both in sulfide detoxification and in energy transduction. We isolated the protein from native membranes of the hyperthermophilic bacterium Aquifex aeolicus, and we determined its X-ray structure in the "as-purified,'' substrate-bound, and inhibitor-bound forms at resolutions of 2.3, 2.0, and 2.9 angstrom, respectively. The structure is composed of 2 Rossmann domains and 1 attachment domain, with an overall monomeric architecture typical of disulfide oxidoreductase flavoproteins. A. aeolicus SQR is a surprisingly trimeric, periplasmic integral monotopic membrane protein that inserts about 12 angstrom into the lipidic bilayer through an amphipathic helix-turn-helix tripodal motif. The quinone is located in a channel that extends from the si side of the FAD to the membrane. The quinone ring is sandwiched between the conserved amino acids Phe-385 and Ile-346, and it is possibly protonated upon reduction via Glu-318 and/or neighboring water molecules. Sulfide polymerization occurs on the re side of FAD, where the invariant Cys-156 and Cys-347 appear to be covalently bound to polysulfur fragments. The structure suggests that FAD is covalently linked to the polypeptide in an unusual way, via a disulfide bridge between the 8-methyl group and Cys-124. The applicability of this disulfide bridge for transferring electrons from sulfide to FAD, 2 mechanisms for sulfide polymerization and channeling of the substrate, S2-, and of the product, S-n, in and out of the active site are discussed.
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Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) is a novel molecular marker technique designed to amplify open reading frames (ORFs). The SRAP analytic system was set up and applied to Porphyra germplasm identification in this study for the first time. Sixteen Porphyra lines were screened by SRAP technique with 30 primer combinations. In the analysis, 14 primer combinations produced stable and reproducible amplification patterns in three repetitive experiments. Among the total 533 amplified fragments, 522 (98%) were polymorphic, with an average of 38 fragments for each primer combination, ranging in size from 50 to 500 bp. The 533 fragments were visually scored one by one and then used to develop a dendrogram with Unweighted Pair-Group Method Arithmetic Average (UPGMA), and the 16 Porphyra lines were divided into two major groups at the 0.68 similarity level. From the total 533 fragments, I I amplified by two primer combinations, ME1/EM1 and ME4/EM6, were used to develop the DNA fingerprints of the 16 Porphyra lines. The DNA fingerprints were then converted into binary codes, with I and 0 representing presence and absence of the corresponding amplified fragment, respectively. In the DNA fingerprints, each of the 16 Porphyra lines has its unique binary code and can be easily distinguished from the others. This is the first report on the development of SRAP technique and its utilization in germplasm identification of seaweeds. The results demonstrated that SRAP is a simple, stable, polymorphic and reproducible molecular marker technique for the classification and identification of Porphyra lines. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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海洋环境下的钢铁设施结构的腐蚀问题一直是困扰人们的难题,而热喷涂锌铝防腐技术正是解决这一问题的重要技术之一,因此本文着重对锌铝涂层防腐进行电化学上的探讨,以期用于指导防腐的实践。对锌、铝以及三种不同组分(Zn15%Al, Zn30%Al, Zn55%Al)的合金丝制成电极进行极化曲线测试,以判别不同成分的锌铝合金的耐蚀性能, 结果表明,合金的极化特性与锌类似,合金中含铝量越高,其耐蚀性能越强。另对不同方案的热喷涂锌铝复合涂层进行了极化曲线的研究,结果表明,纯锌的腐蚀电流密度比较大,纯铝的腐蚀电流密度最小,锌铝复合层、铝镁合金、铝稀土合金的性能介于两者之间。外层为铝,内层为锌的喷涂层其极化特性与铝类似,钝化状态与铝相近。镁和稀土的加入能够改善铝的牺牲保护能力,并抑制其阴极极化过程,但没有从根本上改变铝的钝化特性。对不同方案的热喷涂锌铝复合层及其与氯化橡胶漆的覆盖层进行了156天的室内盐雾试验,以考查其耐蚀性能的优劣,并对原始试样和定期(1天,4天,8天,16天,34天,75天,156天)取出的腐蚀试样进行交流阻抗谱的测试。结果表明,单纯有机涂层的防腐能力有限,锌铝金属涂层及其与有机涂层的复合层均具有优异的防腐性能。但锌与氯化橡胶漆的配合性能较差,156天后出现较大的破裂鼓泡,而铝与有机层的配合相当得好。所有涂层方案中以喷铝并覆以有机涂层的防护方案较佳。在国内外关于锌铝复合涂层及其有机覆盖层的电化学研究比较少,因此本文在选题上具有新意。通过系统地对锌铝合金、锌铝复合层及有机涂层的防护体系进行了电化学研究,得出了满意的结论,对于指导热喷涂在实际防腐中的应用,选用最佳的防护系统,最大限度地降低腐蚀损失,具有重要意义。
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介绍了16位80C196KC单片机的独特性能.组成由80C196KC单片机、存储器、光电编码器、模数转换器、键盘显示器、电机驱动电路等构成的测控系统.有针对性地提出了改进措施,并给出了HSO的应用实例.
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南岭地区是我国最重要的有色、稀有金属矿产资源产地,尤以钨、锡等金属的大规模爆发式成矿而闻名于世,已发现了一大批大型、超大型稀有和有色金属矿床。近年来的研究发现,这些矿床的形成很可能与华南地区中生代发生的大规模地壳拉张、岩石圈伸展减薄以及壳―幔相互作用的独特地质背景有关。本论文以与千里山花岗岩体密切相关的柿竹园钨锡钼铋铅锌矿田(以下简称柿竹园矿田)为研究对象,运用流体包裹体、稳定同位素和稀有气体同位素地球化学等方法,对其成矿流体的物理化学特征、来源及演化进行了研究,并在此基础上探讨了千里山花岗岩体与柿竹园矿田间的成因联系和矿田的成矿作用机制,获得以下主要研究成果: 1. 利用流体包裹体岩相学、显微测温学以及包裹体成分的激光拉曼分析技术,揭示了矿田中柿竹园钨锡钼铋矿床成矿流体的性质和演化特征。研究表明柿竹园钨锡钼铋矿床成矿流体为中高温、中高盐度H2O-NaCl-CaCl2-CO2-CH4-H2S-F体系。成矿流体的均一温度、盐度、密度和压力变化范围均较大,成矿早期夕卡岩阶段和云英岩阶段的流体具有较高的均一温度(239~477℃)和盐度(0~39.08 wt% NaCl eq.),云英岩网脉夕卡岩阶段和后期石英萤石脉阶段均一温度和盐度逐渐降低(分别为160~450℃,1.23~16.53 wt% NaCl eq.和156~340℃,1.23~4.49 wt% NaCl eq.)。夕卡岩阶段发生了流体沸腾作用。流体密度为0.37~1.12 g/cm3,主要集中在0.7~0.9 g/cm3;压力为10~820 bar,一般小于800 bar。野鸡尾锡铜矿床的成矿流体属于中高温度、中等盐度的H2O-NaCl-CaCl2-CO2-CH4-H2S-F型体系,柴山铅锌矿床属中温中等盐度H2O-NaCl-CaCl2-CO2-F体系,其均一温度和压力变化范围也较大。 2. 通过分析主要矿化类型矿石矿物及脉石矿物的C、H、O、S等稳定同位素特征,揭示了柿竹园矿田成矿流体的来源,并对C、O同位素的组成进行了CO2去气、流体混合和水―岩反应的理论模拟。研究表明矿田成矿流体主要来自千里山花岗岩浆,并有大气降水加入。水―岩反应在成矿过程中起着重要作用。 3. 对矿田不同矿化类型矿石矿物黄铁矿、黄铜矿、毒砂、方铅矿等进行了He、Ar同位素研究,其中3He/4He值为0.059~1.662 Ra(Ra为空气的3He/4He值,1 Ra=1.39×10-6),40Ar/36Ar值为289.8~1071.8,表明矿田成矿流体具有壳-幔两端员混合的特征。壳源组分为获得了大量地壳放射成因4He,但获得放射成因40Ar*较少的经过地下循环的低温饱和大气水。而幔源组分来自千里山花岗岩浆流体,表明千里山花岗岩并非传统的S型花岗岩。 4. 在总结前人研究成果的基础上,结合本次研究,建立了柿竹园矿田成矿作用模式:中生代华南岩石圈发生拉张、伸展作用,地幔物质上涌,发生壳幔相互作用,形成千里山花岗岩浆。花岗岩浆充分分异演化形成富含挥发分和成矿元素的成矿流体,与泥盆系碳酸盐岩发生反应而沉淀成矿。成矿过程有大气降水的加入,并发生了流体沸腾作用。