黄土高原半干旱区侧柏(Platycladus orientalis)树干液流动态

应用热扩散式树干茎流计(TDP)于2008年4～10月对黄土高原安塞县侧柏人工林树干液流速率进行了连续测定,并对周围气象、土壤水分等多个环境因子进行了同步测定。结果表明:侧柏在不同月份晴天树干液流速率变化具有明显的昼夜节律性,呈单峰曲线;且各月液流速率日均值受土壤供水水平限制总体上呈下降趋势,即4月份最大,为0.00135cm.s-1;10月份最小为0.00011cm.s-1;树干液流速率与光合有效辐射、大气温度、水汽压差呈极显著正相关,与相对湿度呈负相关,其相关程度:光合有效辐射>水汽压差>大气温度>相对湿度,并可用线性表达式来估算;侧柏边材面积和地径呈幂指数关系,并以此结合密度估算出样地侧柏人工林的边材面积为4.65m2,最终估算出侧柏人工林生长季总耗水量为1159.6t.hm-2。

Criterion of aerodynamic performance of large-scale offshore horizontal axis wind turbines

With the background of offshore wind energy projects, this paper studies aerodynamic performance and geometric characteristics of large capacity wind turbine rotors ( 1 to 10 MW), and the main characteristic parameters such as the rated wind speed, blade tip speed, and rotor solidity. We show that the essential criterion of a high-performance wind turbine is a highest possible annual usable energy pattern factor and a smallest possible dimension, capturing the maximum wind energy and producing the maximum annual power. The influence of the above-mentioned three parameters on the pattern factor and rotor geometry of wind turbine operated in China's offshore meteorological environment is investigated. The variation patterns of aerodynamic and geometric parameters are obtained, analyzed, and compared with each other. The present method for aerodynamic analysis and its results can form a basis for evaluating aerodynamic performance of large-scale offshore wind turbine rotors.

Di-nuclear systems studied with the velocity filter SHIP

Various nuclear reactions like quasi-fission, fusion-fission or particle and cluster evaporation from excited compound nuclei were studied in heavy-ion reactions at the velocity filter SHIP of GSI. The velocity filter offers the possibility to detect all reaction products under zero degree relative to the beam direction. Together with the measurement of the product velocity distribution this allows for an identification of the underlying reaction mechanism. This article is focussed on reactions of Mg-25 and Ni-64 beams on Pb-206,Pb-207 targets at energies of 5.9 x A MeV and 8.7 x A MeV. Besides evaporation residues from Mg-25 + Pb-206 collisions we found evidence for rotation and quasi-fission of nuclear molecules formed in the entrance channel after the capture stage. The break-up of the systems showed a preferred clustering leading to isotopes in the region 84 <= Z <= 88 and 122 <= N <= 127 of the chart of nuclei.

A velocity map ion-imaging study on C2H5SH and C3H7SH photodissociation at 243 nm

Photodissociation dynamics Of C2H5SH, i-C-3-H7SH and n-C3H7SH at 243.1 nm were investigated using velocity map ion-imaging method. H-atom photolysis products were detected by a (2 + 1) resonance enhanced ionization scheme. Both the angular distribution and translational energy distribution of the H-atom elimination processes were determined from the ion images of the H-atom products. The experimental results indicate that the H-atom eliminations from these molecules are mainly direct and fast dissociation processes from a repulsive potential energy state. And a more statistical dissociation process that likely occurs oil the ground state via internal conversion has also been observed. Dissociation energies of the S-H bonds are also derived from the H-atom product translational energy distributions. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.